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Date: Wed, 28 Mar 2007 11:46:43 -0700
From: John Fischer <John.Fischer@sun.com>
Subject: PSARC/2007/188 - GNU readline
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        Dermot McCluskey <Dermot.McCluskey@sun.com>
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PSARC,

I am sponsoring this project for Dermot McCluskey of the JDS
group in Dublin Ireland.  The case directory contains this
proposal and supporting readline HTML documentation from the
community website.  I have set the timer for Wednesday April
4th, 2007.

This project is proposing to integrate the readline libraries
into the Solaris WOS in a Patch release of Solaris.  It will
be following the /usr/gnu recommendation per PSARC/2007/047.

Thanks,

John



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GNU readline

1.  Summary

	This fast-track introduces GNU readline, version 5.2,
	into the Solaris WOS.

	Patch release binding is requested.

2.  Discussion

	GNU readline is a library used for reading lines of
	text with interactive input and history editing.
	It is used by a variety of open-source applications
	including virsh (part of libvirt, which has recently
	been submitted to ARC [1]).  A private copy of readline
	is currently included with PostgreSQL, which can be
	removed when this version is integrated.

	Readline is delivered as two libraries, libreadline
	and libhistory.  The functions for editing lines are
	in libreadline and the functions for saving and recalling
	previous command-line history are in libhistory. Both
	libraries can be used independently, if desired.

	GNU readline is currently available in the Solaris
	Companion CD (CCD).  This proposal removes it from the
	CCD and adds it to the SFW consolidation.

	Further information on readline, including APIs and
	user and programming guides are available at the GNU
	readline website [2] and copies of the manuals are
	in the case directory.

	GNU readline will be installed in /usr as per the
	guidelines of PSARC/2007/047, /usr/gnu [3].

3.  Interfaces

	Exported Interfaces
	===================
	SUNWgnu-readline			Uncommitted	Package name

	/usr/lib/libreadline.so.4		Uncommitted	Shared object library
	/usr/lib/libreadline.so			Uncommitted	Symbolic link

	/usr/lib/libhistory.so.4		Uncommitted	Shared object library
	/usr/lib/libhistory.so			Uncommitted	Symbolic link

	/usr/share/man/man3/readline.3		Uncommitted	manpage

	/usr/share/info/readline.info		Uncommitted	Info document
	/usr/share/info/rluserman.info		Uncommitted	Info document
	/usr/share/info/history.info		Uncommitted	Info document

	/usr/include/readline			Uncommitted	Directory
	/usr/include/readline/chardefs.h	Uncommitted	Header file
	/usr/include/readline/history.h		Uncommitted	Header file
	/usr/include/readline/keymaps.h		Uncommitted	Header file
	/usr/include/readline/readline.h	Uncommitted	Header file
	/usr/include/readline/rlconf.h		Uncommitted	Header file
	/usr/include/readline/rlstdc.h		Uncommitted	Header file
	/usr/include/readline/rltypedefs.h	Uncommitted	Header file
	/usr/include/readline/tilde.h		Uncommitted	Header file

	/usr/demo/readline/Inputrc		Uncommitted	Example init file

4.  References

	[1] Mark Johnson, PSARC/2007/157: libvirt - a LGPL library to control guest domains
	[2] http://cnswww.cns.cwru.edu/php/chet/readline/rltop.html
	[3] S. Hahn, B. Smaalders, and R. Orth, PSARC/2007/047: /usr/gnu

APPENDIX A

	[ copy of http://cnswww.cns.cwru.edu/php/chet/readline/readline.html ]

APPENDIX B

	[ copy of http://cnswww.cns.cwru.edu/php/chet/readline/history.html ]

APPENDIX C

	[ copy of http://cnswww.cns.cwru.edu/php/chet/readline/rluserman.html ]

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From sacadmin Wed Mar 28 12:01:12 2007
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Date: Wed, 28 Mar 2007 20:01:03 +0100 (IST)
From: Paul Jakma <Paul.Jakma@sun.com>
Subject: Re: PSARC/2007/188 - GNU readline
In-reply-to: <1175107603.14534.57.camel@sr1-umpk-31>
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On Wed, 28 Mar 2007, John Fischer wrote:

> I am sponsoring this project for Dermot McCluskey of the JDS
> group in Dublin Ireland.  The case directory contains this
> proposal and supporting readline HTML documentation from the
> community website.  I have set the timer for Wednesday April
> 4th, 2007.
>
> This project is proposing to integrate the readline libraries
> into the Solaris WOS in a Patch release of Solaris.  It will
> be following the /usr/gnu recommendation per PSARC/2007/047.

FWIW, approval and implementation of this case would allow Quagga to 
deliver the 'vtysh' utility (a GNU readline consumer) to SFW.

The case materials fail to mention that Solaris already delivers the 
'tecla' library though, used by zoneadm and svccfg amongst other things. 
Probably should at least mention its existance..

regards,
-- 
Paul Jakma,
Solaris Networking
http://opensolaris.org/os/project/quagga tel: EMEA x19190 / +353 1 819 9190

From sacadmin Wed Mar 28 13:18:23 2007
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Date: Wed, 28 Mar 2007 10:17:06 -1000
From: Joseph Kowalski <jek3@Sun.COM>
Subject: Re: PSARC/2007/188 - GNU readline
In-reply-to: <1175107603.14534.57.camel@sr1-umpk-31>
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John Fischer wrote:
> 3.  Interfaces
>
> 	Exported Interfaces
> 	===================
> 	SUNWgnu-readline			Uncommitted	Package name
>
> 	/usr/lib/libreadline.so.4		Uncommitted	Shared object library
> 	/usr/lib/libreadline.so			Uncommitted	Symbolic link
>
> 	/usr/lib/libhistory.so.4		Uncommitted	Shared object library
> 	/usr/lib/libhistory.so			Uncommitted	Symbolic link
>
> 	/usr/share/man/man3/readline.3		Uncommitted	manpage
>
> 	/usr/share/info/readline.info		Uncommitted	Info document
> 	/usr/share/info/rluserman.info		Uncommitted	Info document
> 	/usr/share/info/history.info		Uncommitted	Info document
>
> 	/usr/include/readline			Uncommitted	Directory
> 	/usr/include/readline/chardefs.h	Uncommitted	Header file
> 	/usr/include/readline/history.h		Uncommitted	Header file
> 	/usr/include/readline/keymaps.h		Uncommitted	Header file
> 	/usr/include/readline/readline.h	Uncommitted	Header file
> 	/usr/include/readline/rlconf.h		Uncommitted	Header file
> 	/usr/include/readline/rlstdc.h		Uncommitted	Header file
> 	/usr/include/readline/rltypedefs.h	Uncommitted	Header file
> 	/usr/include/readline/tilde.h		Uncommitted	Header file
>
> 	/usr/demo/readline/Inputrc		Uncommitted	Example init file
>   
So, somewhere in the above should be the actual readline and history 
interfaces.  Maybe that's
implied by the manpage entry, the info files, or the headers.  No matter...

Where ever these are, I tend to think that we need to make these 
Committed.  Uncommitted may
work for utilities and complex systems, but it doesn't tend to work for 
simple libraries. Too many
dependencies are built too fast to manage as Uncommitted.  Might as well 
bite the bullet and
commit.

Is there a reason we are unwilling to commit to these interfaces?  My 
**guess** is that GNU
treats these with respect, because there are many users.

Nit: I'd just leave the demo out of the table.  Its not an interface and 
obviously so.

Nit: Do we need a vestigial man pages for rluserman and history, just to 
record the commitment
level and point to the info pages, or is the readline man page sufficient?

- jek3


From sacadmin Wed Mar 28 13:51:45 2007
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Date: Wed, 28 Mar 2007 13:51:38 -0700
From: Alan Coopersmith <alan.coopersmith@sun.com>
Subject: Re: PSARC/2007/188 - GNU readline
In-reply-to: <1175107603.14534.57.camel@sr1-umpk-31>
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Is there any reason this case is closed other than the obvious
failure of sac_nextcase to offer open as an option?

	-alan-

John Fischer wrote:
> PSARC,
> 
> I am sponsoring this project for Dermot McCluskey of the JDS
> group in Dublin Ireland.  The case directory contains this
> proposal and supporting readline HTML documentation from the
> community website.  I have set the timer for Wednesday April
> 4th, 2007.
> 
> This project is proposing to integrate the readline libraries
> into the Solaris WOS in a Patch release of Solaris.  It will
> be following the /usr/gnu recommendation per PSARC/2007/047.
> 
> Thanks,
> 
> John
> 
> 

From sacadmin Wed Mar 28 14:09:15 2007
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Date: Wed, 28 Mar 2007 14:09:09 -0700
From: John Fischer <John.Fischer@sun.com>
Subject: Re: PSARC/2007/188 - GNU readline
In-reply-to: <460AD55A.2040005@sun.com>
Sender: John.Fischer@sun.com
To: Alan Coopersmith <alan.coopersmith@sun.com>
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        Dermot McCluskey <Dermot.McCluskey@sun.com>
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Alan,

I thought that I had opened it.  

John

On Wed, 2007-03-28 at 13:51, Alan Coopersmith wrote:
> Is there any reason this case is closed other than the obvious
> failure of sac_nextcase to offer open as an option?
> 
> 	-alan-
> 
> John Fischer wrote:
> > PSARC,
> > 
> > I am sponsoring this project for Dermot McCluskey of the JDS
> > group in Dublin Ireland.  The case directory contains this
> > proposal and supporting readline HTML documentation from the
> > community website.  I have set the timer for Wednesday April
> > 4th, 2007.
> > 
> > This project is proposing to integrate the readline libraries
> > into the Solaris WOS in a Patch release of Solaris.  It will
> > be following the /usr/gnu recommendation per PSARC/2007/047.
> > 
> > Thanks,
> > 
> > John
> > 
> > 


From sacadmin Wed Mar 28 14:15:07 2007
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Date: Wed, 28 Mar 2007 14:15:01 -0700
From: Alan Coopersmith <alan.coopersmith@sun.com>
Subject: Re: PSARC/2007/188 - GNU readline
In-reply-to: <1175116149.14534.80.camel@sr1-umpk-31>
To: John.Fischer@sun.com
Cc: PSARC@sun.com, Dermot McCluskey <Dermot.McCluskey@sun.com>
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You have to send the mail to psarc-ext to make the discussion open.

	-alan-

John Fischer wrote:
> Alan,
> 
> I thought that I had opened it.  
> 
> John
> 
> On Wed, 2007-03-28 at 13:51, Alan Coopersmith wrote:
>> Is there any reason this case is closed other than the obvious
>> failure of sac_nextcase to offer open as an option?
>>
>> 	-alan-
>>
>> John Fischer wrote:
>>> PSARC,
>>>
>>> I am sponsoring this project for Dermot McCluskey of the JDS
>>> group in Dublin Ireland.  The case directory contains this
>>> proposal and supporting readline HTML documentation from the
>>> community website.  I have set the timer for Wednesday April
>>> 4th, 2007.
>>>
>>> This project is proposing to integrate the readline libraries
>>> into the Solaris WOS in a Patch release of Solaris.  It will
>>> be following the /usr/gnu recommendation per PSARC/2007/047.
>>>
>>> Thanks,
>>>
>>> John
>>>
>>>
> 

-- 
	-Alan Coopersmith-           alan.coopersmith@sun.com
	 Sun Microsystems, Inc. - X Window System Engineering


From sacadmin Thu Mar 29 00:05:12 2007
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Date: Thu, 29 Mar 2007 00:04:22 -0700 (PDT)
From: David Comay <comay@jurassic.eng.sun.com>
Subject: Re: PSARC/2007/188 - GNU readline
To: John.Fischer@Sun.COM, jek3@Sun.COM
Cc: Dermot.McCluskey@Sun.COM, psarc@Sun.COM
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Joe,

> Nit: I'd just leave the demo out of the table.  Its not an interface and 
> obviously so.

Are you suggesting not delivering the /usr/demo/readline subdirectory
or just not documenting it as an interface?  I proposed it to Dermot as
a deliverable since I believe Debian provides the file as an example.

dsc

From sacadmin Thu Mar 29 00:21:42 2007
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Date: Wed, 28 Mar 2007 21:21:07 -1000
From: Joseph Kowalski <jek3@sun.com>
Subject: Re: PSARC/2007/188 - GNU readline
In-reply-to: <200703290704.l2T74Mpo459772@jurassic.eng.sun.com>
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David Comay wrote:
> Joe,
>
>   
>> Nit: I'd just leave the demo out of the table.  Its not an interface and 
>> obviously so.
>>     
>
> Are you suggesting not delivering the /usr/demo/readline subdirectory
> or just not documenting it as an interface?  I proposed it to Dermot as
> a deliverable since I believe Debian provides the file as an example.
>
> dsc
>   
Just an old ARC policy.  All demos aren't interfaces for us to worry 
about.  Treat
them as Volatile, but don't even bother telling us.  Deliver all the 
demos you want.
 
- jek3


From sacadmin Thu Mar 29 10:53:13 2007
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Date: Thu, 29 Mar 2007 18:53:10 +0100
From: Dermot McCluskey <Dermot.McCluskey@sun.com>
Subject: Re: PSARC/2007/188 - GNU readline
In-reply-to: <460ACD42.4070504@sun.com>
Sender: Dermot.McCluskey@sun.com
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Joseph Kowalski wrote On 03/28/07 21:17,:

>
> Where ever these are, I tend to think that we need to make these 
> Committed.  Uncommitted may
> work for utilities and complex systems, but it doesn't tend to work 
> for simple libraries. Too many
> dependencies are built too fast to manage as Uncommitted.  Might as 
> well bite the bullet and
> commit.
>
> Is there a reason we are unwilling to commit to these interfaces?  My 
> **guess** is that GNU
> treats these with respect, because there are many users.


Previously, I've been considering whether this should be
Volatile or Uncommitted.  Although readline has been stable
over the years, I'm uncomfortable agreeing to anything
higher than Uncommitted as it is maintained by an external
community with whom we (Sun) are not directly involved.


- Dermot


From sacadmin Thu Mar 29 11:53:49 2007
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Date: Thu, 29 Mar 2007 08:53:23 -1000
From: Joseph Kowalski <jek3@sun.com>
Subject: Re: PSARC/2007/188 - GNU readline
In-reply-to: <460BFD06.7080604@Sun.COM>
To: Dermot McCluskey <Dermot.McCluskey@sun.com>
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Dermot McCluskey wrote:
> Joseph Kowalski wrote On 03/28/07 21:17,:
>
>>
>> Where ever these are, I tend to think that we need to make these 
>> Committed.  Uncommitted may
>> work for utilities and complex systems, but it doesn't tend to work 
>> for simple libraries. Too many
>> dependencies are built too fast to manage as Uncommitted.  Might as 
>> well bite the bullet and
>> commit.
>>
>> Is there a reason we are unwilling to commit to these interfaces?  My 
>> **guess** is that GNU
>> treats these with respect, because there are many users.
>
>
> Previously, I've been considering whether this should be
> Volatile or Uncommitted.  Although readline has been stable
> over the years, I'm uncomfortable agreeing to anything
> higher than Uncommitted as it is maintained by an external
> community with whom we (Sun) are not directly involved.
>
>
> - Dermot
The criteria is "we trust the community to the point we are willing to 
take on the responsibility of possibly forking in the face of 
incompatable change". It generally has nothing to do with participation 
(although that helps us "trust").

Leaving these less than committed, forces them out of the domain of 
enterprise class applications. If these are just for FOSS components 
where the consumers expect to do the "find a set of compatable packages" 
dance, then less than committed is appropriate.

I might be the only one with this view.  Other members?

(Hint: I'd derail if this was lowered to Volatile)

- jek3


From sacadmin Mon Apr  2 16:02:10 2007
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Date: Mon, 02 Apr 2007 19:01:36 -0400
From: Bill Sommerfeld <sommerfeld@sun.com>
Subject: Re: PSARC/2007/188 - GNU readline
In-reply-to: <460C0B23.5000305@sun.com>
To: Joseph Kowalski <jek3@sun.com>
Cc: Dermot McCluskey <Dermot.McCluskey@sun.com>, John.Fischer@sun.com,
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[This is a resend.  The original didn't make it into the archive..]

On Thu, 2007-03-29 at 08:53 -1000, Joseph Kowalski wrote:
> Leaving these less than committed, forces them out of the domain of 
> enterprise class applications. If these are just for FOSS components 
> where the consumers expect to do the "find a set of compatable packages" 
> dance, then less than committed is appropriate.

My understanding is that the GNU implementation of readline is published
under the GPL rather than the LGPL.  Under a common interpretation of
the GPL this requires any published application invoking it to itself be
licensed under a GPL-compatible license.

There is at least one non-GNU implementations of the readline API
("libedit", which is maintained as part of NetBSD) which is advertised
as source-compatible and is released under a BSD license.

> I might be the only one with this view.  Other members?

Do we have any Public library APIs which are GPL'ed?  (the GNOME
libraries are LGPL, IIRC).  This may be treading into new ground.

						- Bill



From sacadmin Mon Apr  2 16:07:22 2007
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Date: Mon, 02 Apr 2007 08:48:43 -1000
From: Joseph Kowalski <jek3@sun.com>
Subject: Re: PSARC/2007/188 - GNU readline
In-reply-to: <46113B1E.1040103@Sun.COM>
To: Dermot McCluskey <Dermot.McCluskey@sun.com>
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Dermot McCluskey wrote:
> Resending - first attempt went missing:
>
>
> Joseph Kowalski wrote On 03/29/07 19:53,:
>
>> The criteria is "we trust the community to the point we are willing 
>> to take on the responsibility of possibly forking in the face of 
>> incompatable change". It generally has nothing to do with 
>> participation (although that helps us "trust").
>>
>> Leaving these less than committed, forces them out of the domain of 
>> enterprise class applications. If these are just for FOSS components 
>> where the consumers expect to do the "find a set of compatable 
>> packages" dance, then less than committed is appropriate.
>
>
> The viral nature of the GPL means that readline will certainly
> only be used by other FOSS components.  These can also
> be enterprise class applications (the initial consumer for
> readline, Xen, certainly aspires to be), but I think this
> restricts the usage model sufficiently that Committed is
> not required.
>
> - Dermot
I hadn't even thought of the GPL issue when I posted this.  Bill brought 
that up.

I know the rules keep changing, but I still think we aren't allowed to 
bring in
traditional gpl components.  Do we need legal review?  Did this pass the 
legal
"quick analysis" form (whatever they call it, assuming it still exists)?

If we do bring this in, how do we keep from tainting ourselves?

How to we make sure that if our customers taint themselves, they do it with
full knowledge and consent?

If as Bill suggests, there is a BSD equivalent, we are far better going 
that way.

- jek3



From sacadmin Mon Apr  2 16:14:57 2007
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From: Dermot McCluskey <Dermot.McCluskey@sun.com>
Subject: Re: PSARC/2007/188 - GNU readline
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Resending - first attempt went missing:


Joseph Kowalski wrote On 03/29/07 19:53,:

> The criteria is "we trust the community to the point we are willing to 
> take on the responsibility of possibly forking in the face of 
> incompatable change". It generally has nothing to do with 
> participation (although that helps us "trust").
>
> Leaving these less than committed, forces them out of the domain of 
> enterprise class applications. If these are just for FOSS components 
> where the consumers expect to do the "find a set of compatable 
> packages" dance, then less than committed is appropriate.


The viral nature of the GPL means that readline will certainly
only be used by other FOSS components.  These can also
be enterprise class applications (the initial consumer for
readline, Xen, certainly aspires to be), but I think this
restricts the usage model sufficiently that Committed is
not required.

- Dermot



From sacadmin Tue Apr  3 04:22:15 2007
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From: Dermot McCluskey <Dermot.McCluskey@sun.com>
Subject: Re: PSARC/2007/188 - GNU readline
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Joseph Kowalski wrote On 04/02/07 19:48,:

> I hadn't even thought of the GPL issue when I posted this.  Bill 
> brought that up.


I deliberately avoided mentioning licensing matters, as I didn't
think they would concen ARC.

> I know the rules keep changing, but I still think we aren't allowed to 
> bring in
> traditional gpl components.  Do we need legal review?  Did this pass 
> the legal
> "quick analysis" form (whatever they call it, assuming it still exists)?
>
> If we do bring this in, how do we keep from tainting ourselves?
>
> How to we make sure that if our customers taint themselves, they do it 
> with
> full knowledge and consent?


Stephen Hahn and Marilyn Shoemaker are working with Legal on
new guidelinves for GPL/LGPL integration.  Amongst other things,
these guidelines will put the onus on developers to ensure they are
aware of the licenses of code they are using/linking to and the
implications of those licenses.

> If as Bill suggests, there is a BSD equivalent, we are far better 
> going that way.


libedit (BSD) says it *aims* for 100% readline API compatibility, but
the information available is very scarce and I've read that it is not a
drop-in replacement.  readline seems to have a more mature and
better maintained codebase.

If Bill or other members can shed more light on libedit, I'd be grateful.

- Dermot


From sacadmin Tue Apr  3 05:00:19 2007
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Date: Tue, 03 Apr 2007 07:59:24 -0400
From: James Carlson <james.d.carlson@sun.com>
Subject: Re: PSARC/2007/188 - GNU readline
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Dermot McCluskey writes:
> Joseph Kowalski wrote On 04/02/07 19:48,:
> 
> > I hadn't even thought of the GPL issue when I posted this.  Bill 
> > brought that up.
> 
> 
> I deliberately avoided mentioning licensing matters, as I didn't
> think they would concen ARC.

To the extent that they're a constraint on the design of future
projects, I think those issues are actually architectural.  (It's a
shame it has to be that way ...)

> > How to we make sure that if our customers taint themselves, they do it 
> > with
> > full knowledge and consent?
> 
> 
> Stephen Hahn and Marilyn Shoemaker are working with Legal on
> new guidelinves for GPL/LGPL integration.  Amongst other things,
> these guidelines will put the onus on developers to ensure they are
> aware of the licenses of code they are using/linking to and the
> implications of those licenses.

What will our man page say?  Just "this library is licensed under
GPLv2?"

As a process matter, I don't think we've ever had a "public and stable
but you [Sun internal developer] still can't use it" sort of interface
before.  Do we need a new adjective in the taxonomy ("Viral"?)?

-- 
James Carlson, Solaris Networking              <james.d.carlson@sun.com>
Sun Microsystems / 1 Network Drive         71.232W   Vox +1 781 442 2084
MS UBUR02-212 / Burlington MA 01803-2757   42.496N   Fax +1 781 442 1677

From sacadmin Tue Apr  3 07:27:20 2007
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Date: Tue, 03 Apr 2007 10:14:16 -0400
From: Bill Sommerfeld <sommerfeld@sun.com>
Subject: Re: PSARC/2007/188 - GNU readline
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On Tue, 2007-04-03 at 12:21 +0100, Dermot McCluskey wrote:
> I deliberately avoided mentioning licensing matters, as I didn't
> think they would concen ARC.

In this case, the license affects who can use the interface, and that's
architectural.

> Stephen Hahn and Marilyn Shoemaker are working with Legal on
> new guidelinves for GPL/LGPL integration.  Amongst other things,
> these guidelines will put the onus on developers to ensure they are
> aware of the licenses of code they are using/linking to and the
> implications of those licenses.

I think we will need to take a look at the architectural implications of
that work.

> libedit (BSD) says it *aims* for 100% readline API compatibility, but
> the information available is very scarce and I've read that it is not a
> drop-in replacement.  

That may be because the primary copy of libedit is found in the NetBSD
sources rather than as an independent package.  My understanding is that
it's intended to be source compatible but not ABI compatible and is
maintained to be "good enough" for GDB.

> readline seems to have a more mature and better maintained codebase.

But that's irrelevant if the FSF threatens legal action if you try to
use it from code licensed in a way they disfavor.  

We are not qualified to evaluate whether these threats are genuine or
whether they are supported by the actual text of the GPL.

I believe the ARC should treat such APIs like any other case where the
maintainer has made statements discouraging use (for instance "don't
call undocumented functions; they're not part of the public API of this
library") and consider readline as a Project Private or Consolidation
Private interface.  If this creates problems we'll need to revise the
taxonomy.  

----

A couple additional questions for the submitter:

 - What's the relationship between this case
and /usr/sfw/include/mysql/readline.h, packaged as part of SUNWsfwhea ?

 - Would it be possible to statically link GNU readline into GPL'ed code
so that we do not need to distribute a readline library or header file
which might be picked up as an available interface?

					- Bill




From sacadmin Tue Apr  3 07:37:28 2007
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From: Paul Jakma <Paul.Jakma@Sun.COM>
Subject: Re: PSARC/2007/188 - GNU readline
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On Tue, 3 Apr 2007, Bill Sommerfeld wrote:

> library") and consider readline as a Project Private or Consolidation 
> Private interface.  If this creates problems we'll need to revise the 
> taxonomy.

What implications would that have for other projects in SFW making use 
of readline, private to ON (or a project in ON)?

regards,
-- 
Paul Jakma,
Solaris Networking
http://opensolaris.org/os/project/quagga tel: EMEA x19190 / +353 1 819 9190

From sacadmin Tue Apr  3 07:40:37 2007
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Date: Tue, 03 Apr 2007 16:39:38 +0200
From: Casper.Dik@sun.com
Subject: Re: PSARC/2007/188 - GNU readline
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>On Tue, 3 Apr 2007, Bill Sommerfeld wrote:
>
>> library") and consider readline as a Project Private or Consolidation 
>> Private interface.  If this creates problems we'll need to revise the 
>> taxonomy.
>
>What implications would that have for other projects in SFW making use 
>of readline, private to ON (or a project in ON)?

readline cannot be used by any project not GPL'ed.  For SFW projects that
is fine but for code in ON under the CDDL it is not.

Casper


From sacadmin Tue Apr  3 07:42:35 2007
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From: Paul Jakma <Paul.Jakma@sun.com>
Subject: Re: PSARC/2007/188 - GNU readline
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On Tue, 3 Apr 2007, Casper.Dik@Sun.COM wrote:

> readline cannot be used by any project not GPL'ed.  For SFW projects 
> that is fine but for code in ON under the CDDL it is not.

Right.

I was wondering though, for a GPL codebase in SFW, would it be allowed 
to make use of readline in ON, if readline were commited to ON as either 
project or consolidation private?

regards,
-- 
Paul Jakma,
Solaris Networking
http://opensolaris.org/os/project/quagga tel: EMEA x19190 / +353 1 819 9190

From sacadmin Tue Apr  3 07:44:37 2007
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Date: Tue, 03 Apr 2007 10:44:17 -0400
From: Mark Johnson <Mark.Johnson@sun.com>
Subject: Re: PSARC/2007/188 - GNU readline
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Bill Sommerfeld wrote:
> On Tue, 2007-04-03 at 12:21 +0100, Dermot McCluskey wrote:
>> I deliberately avoided mentioning licensing matters, as I didn't
>> think they would concen ARC.
> 
> In this case, the license affects who can use the interface, and that's
> architectural.
> 
>> Stephen Hahn and Marilyn Shoemaker are working with Legal on
>> new guidelinves for GPL/LGPL integration.  Amongst other things,
>> these guidelines will put the onus on developers to ensure they are
>> aware of the licenses of code they are using/linking to and the
>> implications of those licenses.
> 
> I think we will need to take a look at the architectural implications of
> that work.
> 
>> libedit (BSD) says it *aims* for 100% readline API compatibility, but
>> the information available is very scarce and I've read that it is not a
>> drop-in replacement.  
> 
> That may be because the primary copy of libedit is found in the NetBSD
> sources rather than as an independent package.  My understanding is that
> it's intended to be source compatible but not ABI compatible and is
> maintained to be "good enough" for GDB.
> 
>> readline seems to have a more mature and better maintained codebase.
> 
> But that's irrelevant if the FSF threatens legal action if you try to
> use it from code licensed in a way they disfavor.  
> 
> We are not qualified to evaluate whether these threats are genuine or
> whether they are supported by the actual text of the GPL.
> 
> I believe the ARC should treat such APIs like any other case where the
> maintainer has made statements discouraging use (for instance "don't
> call undocumented functions; they're not part of the public API of this
> library") and consider readline as a Project Private or Consolidation
> Private interface.  If this creates problems we'll need to revise the
> taxonomy.  
> 
> ----
> 
> A couple additional questions for the submitter:
> 
>  - What's the relationship between this case
> and /usr/sfw/include/mysql/readline.h, packaged as part of SUNWsfwhea ?
> 
>  - Would it be possible to statically link GNU readline into GPL'ed code
> so that we do not need to distribute a readline library or header file
> which might be picked up as an available interface?

That's what has been done in the past to avoid this.

IMO, it's time we addressed the issue instead of avoiding it.
We currently ship readline in the companion CD.

Extending the taxonomy seem appropriate.



MRJ



-- 
Mark Johnson <mark.johnson@sun.com>
Sun Microsystems, Inc.
(781) 442-0869

From sacadmin Tue Apr  3 08:30:09 2007
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Date: Tue, 03 Apr 2007 10:14:16 -0400
From: Bill Sommerfeld <sommerfeld@sun.com>
Subject: Re: PSARC/2007/188 - GNU readline
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On Tue, 2007-04-03 at 12:21 +0100, Dermot McCluskey wrote:
> I deliberately avoided mentioning licensing matters, as I didn't
> think they would concen ARC.

In this case, the license affects who can use the interface, and that's
architectural.

> Stephen Hahn and Marilyn Shoemaker are working with Legal on
> new guidelinves for GPL/LGPL integration.  Amongst other things,
> these guidelines will put the onus on developers to ensure they are
> aware of the licenses of code they are using/linking to and the
> implications of those licenses.

I think we will need to take a look at the architectural implications of
that work.

> libedit (BSD) says it *aims* for 100% readline API compatibility, but
> the information available is very scarce and I've read that it is not a
> drop-in replacement.  

That may be because the primary copy of libedit is found in the NetBSD
sources rather than as an independent package.  My understanding is that
it's intended to be source compatible but not ABI compatible and is
maintained to be "good enough" for GDB.

> readline seems to have a more mature and better maintained codebase.

But that's irrelevant if the FSF threatens legal action if you try to
use it from code licensed in a way they disfavor.  

We are not qualified to evaluate whether these threats are genuine or
whether they are supported by the actual text of the GPL.

I believe the ARC should treat such APIs like any other case where the
maintainer has made statements discouraging use (for instance "don't
call undocumented functions; they're not part of the public API of this
library") and consider readline as a Project Private or Consolidation
Private interface.  If this creates problems we'll need to revise the
taxonomy.  

----

A couple additional questions for the submitter:

 - What's the relationship between this case
and /usr/sfw/include/mysql/readline.h, packaged as part of SUNWsfwhea ?

 - Would it be possible to statically link GNU readline into GPL'ed code
so that we do not need to distribute a readline library or header file
which might be picked up as an available interface?

					- Bill




From sacadmin Tue Apr  3 09:05:08 2007
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Date: Tue, 03 Apr 2007 09:03:29 -0700
From: Bart Smaalders <bart.smaalders@sun.com>
Subject: Re: PSARC/2007/188 - GNU readline
In-reply-to: <Pine.LNX.4.64.0704031540460.2706@localhost.localdomain>
To: Paul Jakma <Paul.Jakma@sun.com>
Cc: Casper.Dik@sun.com, Bill Sommerfeld <sommerfeld@sun.com>,
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Paul Jakma wrote:
> On Tue, 3 Apr 2007, Casper.Dik@Sun.COM wrote:
> 
>> readline cannot be used by any project not GPL'ed.  For SFW projects 
>> that is fine but for code in ON under the CDDL it is not.
> 
> Right.
> 
> I was wondering though, for a GPL codebase in SFW, would it be allowed 
> to make use of readline in ON, if readline were commited to ON as either 
> project or consolidation private?
> 
> regards,

Well, it would certainly make sense to do so.  Filing contracts for
every use isn't adding value, though.

- Bart


-- 
Bart Smaalders			Solaris Kernel Performance
barts@cyber.eng.sun.com		http://blogs.sun.com/barts

From sacadmin Tue Apr  3 09:12:57 2007
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Date: Tue, 03 Apr 2007 12:12:18 -0400
From: Bill Sommerfeld <sommerfeld@sun.com>
Subject: Re: PSARC/2007/188 - GNU readline
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On Tue, 2007-04-03 at 15:41 +0100, Paul Jakma wrote:
> I was wondering though, for a GPL codebase in SFW, would it be allowed 
> to make use of readline in ON, if readline were commited to ON as either 
> project or consolidation private?

it would make much more sense to put readline into SFW or a hypothetical
"GNU" consolidation as Consolidation Private.

						- Bill



From sacadmin Tue Apr  3 09:28:04 2007
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From: Larry Lee <Lawrence.Lee@sun.com>
Subject: Re: PSARC/2007/188 - GNU readline
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Bill Sommerfeld wrote:
> On Tue, 2007-04-03 at 15:41 +0100, Paul Jakma wrote:
>   
>> I was wondering though, for a GPL codebase in SFW, would it be allowed 
>> to make use of readline in ON, if readline were commited to ON as either 
>> project or consolidation private?
>>     
>
> it would make much more sense to put readline into SFW or a hypothetical
> "GNU" consolidation as Consolidation Private.
>
> 						- Bill
>
>
>   
IANAL and I'm just asking for education.

Is the name 'readline' GPL'd
or is the API for readline somehow GPL'd?

I thought only the code that implements the API could be  copyrighted.

 From an application programs point of view, this is all that matters
    char *readline (const char *prompt);
        The line returned is allocated with  malloc(3)
        The line returned has the final newline  removed.

    If we chose to add an input line history
    or other additional features, so be it.

It was my understanding that as long as we did a clean room implementation
that we were not violating the FSF's copyright.

Can someone explain what the specific GPL violation is?



From sacadmin Tue Apr  3 09:30:22 2007
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Subject: Re: PSARC/2007/188 - GNU readline
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Bill Sommerfeld wrote On 04/03/07 15:14,:

>>readline seems to have a more mature and better maintained codebase.
>>    
>>
>
>But that's irrelevant if the FSF threatens legal action if you try to
>use it from code licensed in a way they disfavor.  
>  
>

Right.  That comment was addressing whether it would be
preferable to drop readline and integrate libedit instead.


>A couple additional questions for the submitter:
>
> - What's the relationship between this case
>and /usr/sfw/include/mysql/readline.h, packaged as part of SUNWsfwhea ?
>  
>

MySQL includes a private copy of readline (4.0).  I don't know why it
needs to install readline.h, unless it is exported readline interfaces in
libmysqlclient.so, etc.

> - Would it be possible to statically link GNU readline into GPL'ed code
>so that we do not need to distribute a readline library or header file
>which might be picked up as an available interface?
>  
>

Yes, but each app would need to include it's own copy, which is
what this case seeks to avoid.  Already PostGreSQL and MySQL
and probably others are doing this.  And now libvirt also requires
readline.

- Dermot


From sacadmin Tue Apr  3 09:31:50 2007
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Subject: Re: PSARC/2007/188 - GNU readline
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>I thought only the code that implements the API could be  copyrighted.

That's not what GNU believes; when you call a GNU API in a GNU library,
your work then becomes a "derived work".

>It was my understanding that as long as we did a clean room implementation
>that we were not violating the FSF's copyright.

That is an interesting question  but since we have libtecla, who
gives a toss?

Casper

From sacadmin Tue Apr  3 09:41:34 2007
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Subject: Re: PSARC/2007/188 - GNU readline
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On Tue, 3 Apr 2007, Bill Sommerfeld wrote:

> it would make much more sense to put readline into SFW or a 
> hypothetical "GNU" consolidation as Consolidation Private.

Along with all its consumers presumably? Seems an idea, if one called it 
something other than "GNU" ;) (Xen, Quagga, MySQL, etc.. are not GNU).

regards,
-- 
Paul Jakma,
Solaris Networking
http://opensolaris.org/os/project/quagga tel: EMEA x19190 / +353 1 819 9190

From sacadmin Tue Apr  3 09:45:44 2007
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On Tue, Apr 03, 2007 at 05:40:51PM +0100, Paul Jakma wrote:
> On Tue, 3 Apr 2007, Bill Sommerfeld wrote:
> 
> >it would make much more sense to put readline into SFW or a 
> >hypothetical "GNU" consolidation as Consolidation Private.
> 
> Along with all its consumers presumably? Seems an idea, if one called it 
> something other than "GNU" ;) (Xen, Quagga, MySQL, etc.. are not GNU).

The Viral Licensed Consolidation?

One consolidation for each constellation of compatible licenses?

I know, that doesn't scale.  Never mind this.  We'll just have to manage
the license fine print -- there's probably no safe, scalable way to
aggregate so we can rely on Consolidation Private for enforcement.

From sacadmin Tue Apr  3 09:50:20 2007
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Date: Tue, 03 Apr 2007 09:50:42 -0700
From: Larry Lee <Lawrence.Lee@sun.com>
Subject: Re: PSARC/2007/188 - GNU readline
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Casper.Dik@Sun.COM wrote:
>> I thought only the code that implements the API could be  copyrighted.
>>     
>
> That's not what GNU believes; when you call a GNU API in a GNU library,
> your work then becomes a "derived work".
>   
If a GNU library contains GPL'd code,  then clearly the GPL applies.

The point that I was asking about is if an API could be copyrighted.
I never thought so, but that seems to be the issue here, so I'm asking.

All the other stuff about whether we'll infect the users applications
or whether we should package a function in a separate library
presupposses that the function itself is GPL'd.


From sacadmin Tue Apr  3 09:57:03 2007
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From: Darren J Moffat <Darren.Moffat@sun.com>
Subject: Re: PSARC/2007/188 - GNU readline
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Larry Lee wrote:
> Casper.Dik@Sun.COM wrote:
>>> I thought only the code that implements the API could be  copyrighted.
>>>     
>>
>> That's not what GNU believes; when you call a GNU API in a GNU library,
>> your work then becomes a "derived work".
>>   
> If a GNU library contains GPL'd code,  then clearly the GPL applies.
> 
> The point that I was asking about is if an API could be copyrighted.
> I never thought so, but that seems to be the issue here, so I'm asking.

If it is then GNU has big problems in their libraries because they have 
cloned APIs that Sun invented and in our header files that were 
explicitly marked as Sun copyright and private - there is no way they 
could have cloned those APIs without reading our header files.

[ nsswitch is the example I'm using ].

-- 
Darren J Moffat

From sacadmin Tue Apr  3 09:58:15 2007
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From: Paul Jakma <Paul.Jakma@sun.com>
Subject: Re: PSARC/2007/188 - GNU readline
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On Tue, 3 Apr 2007, Larry Lee wrote:

> The point that I was asking about is if an API could be copyrighted. I 
> never thought so, but that seems to be the issue here, so I'm asking.

The answer is "It depends". To get a better answer than that, you'd 
likely need to get into specifics of the case, and you'd need a lawyer.

In lieu of that, the safe, default answer is "Using a GPL interface 
makes your work a derivative".

regards,
-- 
Paul Jakma,
Solaris Networking
http://opensolaris.org/os/project/quagga tel: EMEA x19190 / +353 1 819 9190

From sacadmin Tue Apr  3 10:09:44 2007
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Dermot McCluskey wrote:
> Joseph Kowalski wrote On 04/02/07 19:48,:
>
>> I hadn't even thought of the GPL issue when I posted this.  Bill 
>> brought that up.
>
>
> I deliberately avoided mentioning licensing matters, as I didn't
> think they would concen ARC.
Its a special case.  Management asked us a few years ago to just make 
sure that
the appropriate legal steps had been followed.  We aren't supposed to 
deep dive.
>> I know the rules keep changing, but I still think we aren't allowed 
>> to bring in
>> traditional gpl components.  Do we need legal review?  Did this pass 
>> the legal
>> "quick analysis" form (whatever they call it, assuming it still exists)?
>>
>> If we do bring this in, how do we keep from tainting ourselves?
>>
>> How to we make sure that if our customers taint themselves, they do 
>> it with
>> full knowledge and consent?
>
>
> Stephen Hahn and Marilyn Shoemaker are working with Legal on
> new guidelinves for GPL/LGPL integration.  Amongst other things,
> these guidelines will put the onus on developers to ensure they are
> aware of the licenses of code they are using/linking to and the
> implications of those licenses.
Is this project then dependent on this policy change happening?

Somebody will need to create a best practice and documentation
requirements if we go this path.  Are Hahn/Shoemaker intent on
doing that?  (This may be a good idea, but getting a thousand or
so Sun software developers with the program will have a substantial
cost.)

Isn't Hahn now MIA?  :-\
>> If as Bill suggests, there is a BSD equivalent, we are far better 
>> going that way.
>
>
> libedit (BSD) says it *aims* for 100% readline API compatibility, but
> the information available is very scarce and I've read that it is not a
> drop-in replacement.  readline seems to have a more mature and
> better maintained codebase.
Everything has pluses and minuses.

Even if we have to do the work to convert 99.44% into 100% API
compatibility we should go with the more appropriate license.  Even if
we are allowed to integrate a GPL license, that doesn't mean we should.

> If Bill or other members can shed more light on libedit, I'd be grateful.
>
> - Dermot
- jek3


From sacadmin Tue Apr  3 10:12:16 2007
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On Tue, 3 Apr 2007, Darren J Moffat wrote:

> If it is then GNU has big problems in their libraries because they 
> have cloned APIs that Sun invented and in our header files that were 
> explicitly marked as Sun copyright and private - there is no way they 
> could have cloned those APIs without reading our header files.

Copyright, in the USA anyway, does not apply to functional 
expression[2], e.g. arbitrary symbol definitions and constants.[1]

So that's slightly different from incorporating copyrighted code into 
your own work through function calls (be it by compile or run time 
binding to those functions).

That does not mean the header file can be copied literally. Comments and 
explanations in the header file could be copyrightable, there might even 
be copyrightable code in the header via macros.

This is off-topic for PSARC I think..

1. IANAL, etc.. Don't put any value in what's written above :)

2. Note: In Ireland and UK functional data like databases are considered
    copyrightable. I've no idea if USA has legislated similarly.

regards,
-- 
Paul Jakma,
Solaris Networking
http://opensolaris.org/os/project/quagga tel: EMEA x19190 / +353 1 819 9190

From sacadmin Tue Apr  3 10:13:29 2007
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Subject: Re: PSARC/2007/188 - GNU readline
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James Carlson wrote:
> As a process matter, I don't think we've ever had a "public and stable
> but you [Sun internal developer] still can't use it" sort of interface
> before.  Do we need a new adjective in the taxonomy ("Viral"?)?
>   
John and I already exchanged a bit of private mail on this, and the term 
"Viral"
had already been suggested.   ;-)

- jek3


From sacadmin Tue Apr  3 10:16:14 2007
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Date: Tue, 03 Apr 2007 10:15:40 -0700
From: Alan Coopersmith <alan.coopersmith@Sun.COM>
Subject: Re: PSARC/2007/188 - GNU readline
In-reply-to: <46128A14.4090603@sun.com>
To: Joseph Kowalski <jek3@Sun.COM>
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Joseph Kowalski wrote:
>> Stephen Hahn and Marilyn Shoemaker are working with Legal on
>> new guidelinves for GPL/LGPL integration.  Amongst other things,
>> these guidelines will put the onus on developers to ensure they are
>> aware of the licenses of code they are using/linking to and the
>> implications of those licenses.
> Is this project then dependent on this policy change happening?

We don't really have a current policy to change.   There's a draft GPL
policy from years ago, but it's clearly not enforced, since otherwise
we'd never have GNOME in /usr/bin.

-- 
	-Alan Coopersmith-           alan.coopersmith@sun.com
	 Sun Microsystems, Inc. - X Window System Engineering


From sacadmin Tue Apr  3 10:19:51 2007
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Date: Tue, 03 Apr 2007 07:18:36 -1000
From: Joseph Kowalski <jek3@sun.com>
Subject: Re: PSARC/2007/188 - GNU readline
In-reply-to: <Pine.LNX.4.64.0704031540460.2706@localhost.localdomain>
To: Paul Jakma <Paul.Jakma@sun.com>
Cc: Casper.Dik@sun.com, Bill Sommerfeld <sommerfeld@sun.com>,
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Paul Jakma wrote:
> Right.
>
> I was wondering though, for a GPL codebase in SFW, would it be allowed 
> to make use of readline in ON, if readline were commited to ON as 
> either project or consolidation private?
It would require a contract, as for any project/consolidation private 
interface in another consolidation.

This seems to be blindly following the rules, but that would be the 
case.  Only Committed interfaces are available for free use across 
consolidation boundaries.

- jek3


From sacadmin Tue Apr  3 10:41:28 2007
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Date: Tue, 03 Apr 2007 10:39:44 -0700
From: Bart Smaalders <bart.smaalders@sun.com>
Subject: Re: PSARC/2007/188 - GNU readline
In-reply-to: <Pine.LNX.4.64.0704031752100.2706@localhost.localdomain>
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Paul Jakma wrote:
> On Tue, 3 Apr 2007, Larry Lee wrote:
> 
>> The point that I was asking about is if an API could be copyrighted. I 
>> never thought so, but that seems to be the issue here, so I'm asking.
> 
> The answer is "It depends". To get a better answer than that, you'd 
> likely need to get into specifics of the case, and you'd need a lawyer.
> 
> In lieu of that, the safe, default answer is "Using a GPL interface 
> makes your work a derivative".

No.

I'm about to putback code into libc; the functional interface
is the same as that provided by glibc.  We copy their interfaces,
they copy ours, and we all copy BSD's.  That's how software
becomes portable.

- Bart

-- 
Bart Smaalders			Solaris Kernel Performance
barts@cyber.eng.sun.com		http://blogs.sun.com/barts

From sacadmin Tue Apr  3 11:11:11 2007
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Date: Tue, 03 Apr 2007 08:10:09 -1000
From: Joseph Kowalski <jek3@sun.com>
Subject: Re: PSARC/2007/188 - GNU readline
In-reply-to: <46126841.4010409@sun.com>
To: Mark Johnson <Mark.Johnson@sun.com>
Cc: Bill Sommerfeld <sommerfeld@sun.com>,
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Mark Johnson wrote:
> Extending the taxonomy seem appropriate.
Its really a new Taxonomy.  The effect of the license and the stability 
of the interface are orthogonal.

I can see the levels of Viralness right now...

We could name them after various STDs.  After all, they often are 
associated with ill-advised linking.  ;-)

The upper couple of levels could be:

    Herpes:   It doesn't kill you, but its forever.

    HIV:      Kills you (probably).

I hope I haven't offended anyone with this. Apologies in advance.

- jek3


From sacadmin Tue Apr  3 11:14:24 2007
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From: Joseph Kowalski <jek3@sun.com>
Subject: Re: PSARC/2007/188 - GNU readline
In-reply-to: <1175616738.1001.7.camel@thunk>
To: Bill Sommerfeld <sommerfeld@sun.com>
Cc: Paul Jakma <Paul.Jakma@sun.com>, Casper.Dik@sun.com,
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Bill Sommerfeld wrote:
> On Tue, 2007-04-03 at 15:41 +0100, Paul Jakma wrote:
>   
>> I was wondering though, for a GPL codebase in SFW, would it be allowed 
>> to make use of readline in ON, if readline were commited to ON as either 
>> project or consolidation private?
>>     
>
> it would make much more sense to put readline into SFW or a hypothetical
> "GNU" consolidation as Consolidation Private.
>
> 						- Bill
>   
Wouldn't it be better to make this some level of Public?  (After working 
through the
license issues.)

- jek3


From sacadmin Tue Apr  3 11:18:57 2007
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From: Joseph Kowalski <jek3@Sun.COM>
Subject: Re: PSARC/2007/188 - GNU readline
In-reply-to: <Pine.LNX.4.64.0704031739130.2706@localhost.localdomain>
To: Paul Jakma <Paul.Jakma@Sun.COM>
Cc: Bill Sommerfeld <sommerfeld@Sun.COM>, Casper.Dik@Sun.COM,
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Paul Jakma wrote:
> Along with all its consumers presumably? Seems an idea, if one called 
> it something other than "GNU" ;) (Xen, Quagga, MySQL, etc.. are not GNU).
I know! We could call is Sun FreeWare.

- jek3


From sacadmin Tue Apr  3 11:23:22 2007
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Date: Tue, 03 Apr 2007 08:22:18 -1000
From: Joseph Kowalski <jek3@sun.com>
Subject: Re: PSARC/2007/188 - GNU readline
In-reply-to: <46128BBC.40901@sun.com>
To: Alan Coopersmith <Alan.Coopersmith@sun.com>
Cc: Dermot McCluskey <Dermot.McCluskey@sun.com>, John.Fischer@sun.com,
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Alan Coopersmith wrote:
> Joseph Kowalski wrote:
>>> Stephen Hahn and Marilyn Shoemaker are working with Legal on
>>> new guidelinves for GPL/LGPL integration.  Amongst other things,
>>> these guidelines will put the onus on developers to ensure they are
>>> aware of the licenses of code they are using/linking to and the
>>> implications of those licenses.
>> Is this project then dependent on this policy change happening?
>
> We don't really have a current policy to change.   There's a draft GPL
> policy from years ago, but it's clearly not enforced, since otherwise
> we'd never have GNOME in /usr/bin.
I'm not even close to an expert, but GNOME is LGPL and I thought that
difference was significant.

- jek3

From sacadmin Tue Apr  3 11:31:18 2007
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From: Bill Sommerfeld <sommerfeld@sun.com>
Subject: Re: PSARC/2007/188 - GNU readline
In-reply-to: <46129938.6020406@sun.com>
To: Joseph Kowalski <jek3@sun.com>
Cc: Paul Jakma <Paul.Jakma@sun.com>, Casper.Dik@sun.com,
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On Tue, 2007-04-03 at 08:13 -1000, Joseph Kowalski wrote:
> Wouldn't it be better to make this some level of Public?  (After working 
> through the license issues.)

The license issues severely constrain the ability of many projects to
import the interface.  I think that rules out any form of Public as it
is currently understood.

Just as "Private" doesn't mean "secret", "widely used" doesn't
automatically imply "Public".

I think there's a bunch of interfaces out there which occupy a fuzzy
middle ground between Private and Public.

Maybe things like the apache module API are in there, too.  

maybe we could say "Restricted"?

					- Bill












From sacadmin Tue Apr  3 11:31:57 2007
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Date: Tue, 03 Apr 2007 11:31:13 -0700
From: Alan Coopersmith <alan.coopersmith@sun.com>
Subject: Re: PSARC/2007/188 - GNU readline
In-reply-to: <46129B5A.8060107@sun.com>
To: Joseph Kowalski <jek3@sun.com>
Cc: Dermot McCluskey <Dermot.McCluskey@sun.com>, John.Fischer@sun.com,
        psarc@sun.com
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Joseph Kowalski wrote:
> Alan Coopersmith wrote:
>> Joseph Kowalski wrote:
>>>> Stephen Hahn and Marilyn Shoemaker are working with Legal on
>>>> new guidelinves for GPL/LGPL integration.  Amongst other things,
>>>> these guidelines will put the onus on developers to ensure they are
>>>> aware of the licenses of code they are using/linking to and the
>>>> implications of those licenses.
>>> Is this project then dependent on this policy change happening?
>>
>> We don't really have a current policy to change.   There's a draft GPL
>> policy from years ago, but it's clearly not enforced, since otherwise
>> we'd never have GNOME in /usr/bin.
> I'm not even close to an expert, but GNOME is LGPL and I thought that
> difference was significant.

GNOME libraries are LGPL, GNOME binaries are GPL.   The previous draft
policy does not reflect this significance and simply states:

7. The default environment paths proprietary code or technology (e.g. $PATH, 
$LD_LIBRARY_PATH) should not lead Sun customers (e.g. ISVs) to GPL/LGPL code 
modules.

Of course it also states:

1. GPL libraries may not be used or linked with Sun XXXprietary code or 
technology, such as Solaris.

4. No GPL source code may be incorporated into the Sun code base or technology.

which is clearly both out-of-date and oversimplified.

The full set of "GPL/LGPL Architectural Rules" (which no ARC has ever approved
despite the name) are at:
http://sunwebcms.central.sun.com:8001/sunweb/cda/mainAssembly/0,2685,455298_5190_31971727,00.html

Sadly, they seem to have removed the "Draft" tag since I last looked a few
months ago.

-- 
	-Alan Coopersmith-           alan.coopersmith@sun.com
	 Sun Microsystems, Inc. - X Window System Engineering


From sacadmin Tue Apr  3 11:38:00 2007
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Date: Tue, 03 Apr 2007 08:36:48 -1000
From: Joseph Kowalski <jek3@sun.com>
Subject: Re: PSARC/2007/188 - GNU readline
In-reply-to: <1175625042.1001.32.camel@thunk>
To: Bill Sommerfeld <sommerfeld@sun.com>
Cc: Paul Jakma <Paul.Jakma@sun.com>, Casper.Dik@sun.com,
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Bill Sommerfeld wrote:
> On Tue, 2007-04-03 at 08:13 -1000, Joseph Kowalski wrote:
>   
>> Wouldn't it be better to make this some level of Public?  (After working 
>> through the license issues.)
>>     
>
> The license issues severely constrain the ability of many projects to
> import the interface.  I think that rules out any form of Public as it
> is currently understood.
>
> Just as "Private" doesn't mean "secret", "widely used" doesn't
> automatically imply "Public".
>
> I think there's a bunch of interfaces out there which occupy a fuzzy
> middle ground between Private and Public.
>
> Maybe things like the apache module API are in there, too.  
>
> maybe we could say "Restricted"?
>
> 					- Bill
>   
This isn't Apache, Python or Perl.  Its a simple little bit of code, not 
a complex
stack with many person years of investment.

I'm still *strongly* pushing for your suggestion of NetBSD or Lee's 
suggestion
of a "clean room".

What's better: 100% compatible which few can use or 99.44% compatible 
which all can use.

This seems like a no-brainer to me. (libtecla not withstanding).

- jek3

>
>   


From sacadmin Tue Apr  3 11:44:16 2007
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From: Casper.Dik@sun.com
Subject: Re: PSARC/2007/188 - GNU readline
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>If a GNU library contains GPL'd code,  then clearly the GPL applies.

No, that's not what I said.

What I said that: if a program *optionally* can use a GPL'ed library,
then it falls under the GPL; at least, that has always been GNU
claim wrt readline.

So it's the use of the API, not the linking which is claimed to force
the GPL.

Casper

From sacadmin Tue Apr  3 11:45:37 2007
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Date: Tue, 03 Apr 2007 08:44:29 -1000
From: Joseph Kowalski <jek3@sun.com>
Subject: Re: PSARC/2007/188 - GNU readline
In-reply-to: <46129D71.1090706@sun.com>
To: Alan Coopersmith <alan.coopersmith@sun.com>
Cc: Dermot McCluskey <Dermot.McCluskey@sun.com>, John.Fischer@sun.com,
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Alan Coopersmith wrote:
> Joseph Kowalski wrote:
>> Alan Coopersmith wrote:
>>> Joseph Kowalski wrote:
>>>>> Stephen Hahn and Marilyn Shoemaker are working with Legal on
>>>>> new guidelinves for GPL/LGPL integration.  Amongst other things,
>>>>> these guidelines will put the onus on developers to ensure they are
>>>>> aware of the licenses of code they are using/linking to and the
>>>>> implications of those licenses.
>>>> Is this project then dependent on this policy change happening?
>>>
>>> We don't really have a current policy to change.   There's a draft GPL
>>> policy from years ago, but it's clearly not enforced, since otherwise
>>> we'd never have GNOME in /usr/bin.
>> I'm not even close to an expert, but GNOME is LGPL and I thought that
>> difference was significant.
>
> GNOME libraries are LGPL, GNOME binaries are GPL.   The previous draft
> policy does not reflect this significance and simply states:
>
> 7. The default environment paths proprietary code or technology (e.g. 
> $PATH, $LD_LIBRARY_PATH) should not lead Sun customers (e.g. ISVs) to 
> GPL/LGPL code modules.
>
> Of course it also states:
>
> 1. GPL libraries may not be used or linked with Sun XXXprietary code 
> or technology, such as Solaris.
>
> 4. No GPL source code may be incorporated into the Sun code base or 
> technology.
>
> which is clearly both out-of-date and oversimplified.
>
> The full set of "GPL/LGPL Architectural Rules" (which no ARC has ever 
> approved
> despite the name) are at:
> http://sunwebcms.central.sun.com:8001/sunweb/cda/mainAssembly/0,2685,455298_5190_31971727,00.html 
>
>
> Sadly, they seem to have removed the "Draft" tag since I last looked a 
> few
> months ago.
Wow. This is an ugly can of worms.  At first glance, looks like sloppy 
use of GPL vs LGPL.

I'm pretty sure there is a document somewhere which differenciates GPL 
and LGPL.

Focusing on this case, its GPL, so these convolutions don't apply.  (And 
if we messed up with Gnome, that's not a reason to mess up here.)

- jek3




From sacadmin Tue Apr  3 11:57:30 2007
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Date: Tue, 03 Apr 2007 14:57:03 -0400
From: Mark Johnson <Mark.Johnson@sun.com>
Subject: Re: PSARC/2007/188 - GNU readline
In-reply-to: <46129881.9040904@sun.com>
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To: Joseph Kowalski <jek3@sun.com>
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Joseph Kowalski wrote:
> Mark Johnson wrote:
>> Extending the taxonomy seem appropriate.
> Its really a new Taxonomy.  The effect of the license and the stability 
> of the interface are orthogonal.

That makes sense.


> I can see the levels of Viralness right now...

:-)


I can't tell from your joke if you suggesting that
this is a bad idea.. In case you are :-)

I think it would be wrong to say that Solaris cannot include
any GPL'd libraries. It seems some people are suggesting that.
That seems more of a policy/legal issue to me?

I also think it makes sense to tag any such libraries
so it's clear which libraries are GPL (or your viral license
of the week). Whether that's a new taxonomy or something
else doesn't matter to me.

With the assumption that legal agrees that it's OK to include
this, what else needs to be done to get approval from the ARC?




MRJ





-- 
Mark Johnson <mark.johnson@sun.com>
Sun Microsystems, Inc.
(781) 442-0869

From sacadmin Tue Apr  3 12:06:50 2007
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Date: Tue, 03 Apr 2007 09:05:32 -1000
From: Joseph Kowalski <jek3@sun.com>
Subject: Re: PSARC/2007/188 - GNU readline
In-reply-to: <200704031843.l33IhZlY026750@vaticaan.holland.sun.com>
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Casper.Dik@sun.com wrote:
>> If a GNU library contains GPL'd code,  then clearly the GPL applies.
>>     
>
> No, that's not what I said.
>
> What I said that: if a program *optionally* can use a GPL'ed library,
> then it falls under the GPL; at least, that has always been GNU
> claim wrt readline.
>
> So it's the use of the API, not the linking which is claimed to force
> the GPL.
>   
That's a pretty strong claim which minimally will run into problems with 
"prior art".
Has this claim ever been tested?

- jek3


From sacadmin Tue Apr  3 12:14:54 2007
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Date: Tue, 03 Apr 2007 14:13:24 -0500
From: Nicolas Williams <Nicolas.Williams@sun.com>
Subject: Re: PSARC/2007/188 - GNU readline
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On Tue, Apr 03, 2007 at 09:05:32AM -1000, Joseph Kowalski wrote:
> Casper.Dik@sun.com wrote:
> >>If a GNU library contains GPL'd code,  then clearly the GPL applies.
> >>    
> >
> >No, that's not what I said.
> >
> >What I said that: if a program *optionally* can use a GPL'ed library,
> >then it falls under the GPL; at least, that has always been GNU
> >claim wrt readline.
> >
> >So it's the use of the API, not the linking which is claimed to force
> >the GPL.
> >  
> That's a pretty strong claim which minimally will run into problems with 
> "prior art".
> Has this claim ever been tested?

In the AT&T/BSD cases?

In general the attitude seems to be (what else can we say? uncertainty
abounds) that linking is the issue, not use of the API.

For example, if Sun were to ship a PAM module that is GPLed or uses a
GPLDed library then all of libpam and Solaris PAM applications would be
infected, even though the module in question is linked with via
dlopen(3C).  Customers, OTOH, can install such PAM modules without any
problem.

A better example would be one where the API itself was a GNU innovation
-- does libedit derive from readline because it presents substantially
the same API?  Maybe, but glibc presents substantially a Unix API, so
doesn't glibc infringe on AT&T copyrights?  This is where the AT&T/BSD
cases come in, though even then there will be uncertainty.

Nico
-- 

From sacadmin Tue Apr  3 12:20:35 2007
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Date: Tue, 03 Apr 2007 20:19:51 +0100 (IST)
From: Paul Jakma <Paul.Jakma@Sun.COM>
Subject: Re: PSARC/2007/188 - GNU readline
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On Tue, 3 Apr 2007, Casper.Dik@Sun.COM wrote:

> What I said that: if a program *optionally* can use a GPL'ed library, 
> then it falls under the GPL; at least, that has always been GNU claim 
> wrt readline.

I'm not sure 'optionally' correctly characterises the FSFs' view. E.g.:

   http://sourceware.org/ml/guile/1999-02/msg00151.html

The term used is "Pre-suppose". If the application on the other hand 
somehow /optionally/ links, or if the API has become functional (from a 
copyright POV) then an application making use of the readline API no 
longer need pre-suppose that it must use GPLed code in order to run.

> So it's the use of the API, not the linking which is claimed to force
> the GPL.

I have a suspicion such a claim would not be justified (under US 
copyright law anyway), and personally I can't imagine the FSF making 
such. The claim is slightly more subtle than that.

Note that the facts on the ground have changed since the 90s. IFF the 
readline API is now, to some extent, generic - with multiple, compatible 
implementations - then writing to that API no longer pre-supposes that 
the FSF GPLed readline will be required.

This must be the case, for otherwise:

- NetBSD would be violating the GPL by distributing BSD licensed code
   linking to a BSD licensed implementation of the readline API
   - Which would imply the readline API itself, independent of
     implementation, is somehow licensed under the GPL
     - Which flies against existing US case law I think

Ergo the claim must be absurd (whether it was made or not by the FSF 
being another question).

To go slightly more on-topic:

Bringing in libedit would be a good idea in theory. However, we would 
have to commit to fixing all libedit/readline compatibility problems in 
all software in all our consolidations, and try to get those changes 
accepted to any external projects, with the risk that we would have to 
carry those changes forever more..

If we don't commit to that, we'll end-up shipping readline anyway for 
some projects, rendering any libedit-compat work wasted. In which case 
we're better off just shipping a dynamic readline and eliminating 
multiple extant statically linked copies of it..

regards,
-- 
Paul Jakma,
Solaris Networking
http://opensolaris.org/os/project/quagga tel: EMEA x19190 / +353 1 819 9190

From sacadmin Tue Apr  3 12:24:54 2007
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Date: Tue, 03 Apr 2007 09:23:40 -1000
From: Joseph Kowalski <jek3@sun.com>
Subject: Re: PSARC/2007/188 - GNU readline
In-reply-to: <4612A37F.7070308@sun.com>
To: Mark Johnson <Mark.Johnson@sun.com>
Cc: Bill Sommerfeld <sommerfeld@sun.com>,
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Mark Johnson wrote:
>
>
> Joseph Kowalski wrote:
>> Mark Johnson wrote:
>>> Extending the taxonomy seem appropriate.
>> Its really a new Taxonomy.  The effect of the license and the 
>> stability of the interface are orthogonal.
>
> That makes sense.
>
>
>> I can see the levels of Viralness right now...
>
> :-)
>
>
> I can't tell from your joke if you suggesting that
> this is a bad idea.. In case you are :-)
I am suggesting it is a terrible idea (sorry).  If Sun gets into the
business of publicly putting the various licenses into "bins", we
are effectively giving legal advice to our customers.  We don't
want to go there.

The most we could do would be to place an entry in the
ATTRIBUTES section stating the specific license, but we
can't editorialize in the least.  I think this much would be
good but I'm clue-challenged as to what legal would say
(I am always clue-challenged about what legal would say).
They might say "No Way!".  They might insist upon it.

> I think it would be wrong to say that Solaris cannot include
> any GPL'd libraries. It seems some people are suggesting that.
> That seems more of a policy/legal issue to me?
Yes, it is a policy/legal issue.  Its marginally an ARC issue.

Circa 2000, there was a clear policy based on legal concerns to not
include any GPL code.  Period.  The policy, based on legal issues, was
nicely simple.  The discussion we seem to be having is that since then
the policies have become complicated.  At one time, all such components
had to go through legal review.  The ARCs only job (as I recall) was
to make sure that happened.
> I also think it makes sense to tag any such libraries
> so it's clear which libraries are GPL (or your viral license
> of the week). Whether that's a new taxonomy or something
> else doesn't matter to me.
Tag?  Yes, but nothing more than a reference that it has a license.
> With the assumption that legal agrees that it's OK to include
> this, what else needs to be done to get approval from the ARC?
Well, with this assumption that legal says, "OK", I'd still like the
discussion as to if this is the best way to provide readline functionality.
If it is as Casper says, then it doesn't matter.  If not, then I strongly
believe an unencombered version is the right choice.

I have to say, if the discussion leads to the above case, I will derail 
this, if
only to write Advisory that I believe the wrong *business* choice is being
made.  As a project team you shouldn't have to worry about this (beyond
it slowing approval down my a minimal amount of time - less than a week).

- jek3



From sacadmin Tue Apr  3 12:25:49 2007
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Date: Tue, 03 Apr 2007 21:24:46 +0200
From: Casper.Dik@sun.com
Subject: Re: PSARC/2007/188 - GNU readline
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>This must be the case, for otherwise:
>
>- NetBSD would be violating the GPL by distributing BSD licensed code
>   linking to a BSD licensed implementation of the readline API
>   - Which would imply the readline API itself, independent of
>     implementation, is somehow licensed under the GPL
>     - Which flies against existing US case law I think


Ah, no, but the argument goes something like "but there is (was) no
such implementation therefor it can only be linked to our implementation
therefor you must fall under the GPL.

>Ergo the claim must be absurd (whether it was made or not by the FSF 
>being another question).

Oh, that it most probably is ....

Casper

From sacadmin Tue Apr  3 12:35:17 2007
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Date: Tue, 03 Apr 2007 09:34:01 -1000
From: Joseph Kowalski <jek3@sun.com>
Subject: Re: PSARC/2007/188 - GNU readline
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Paul Jakma wrote:
> To go slightly more on-topic:
>
> Bringing in libedit would be a good idea in theory. However, we would 
> have to commit to fixing all libedit/readline compatibility problems 
> in all software in all our consolidations, and try to get those 
> changes accepted to any external projects, with the risk that we would 
> have to carry those changes forever more.
Uh, I think we would change libed to remove the incompatibilities 
**assuming** there were any.  Remember, for all we know, its perfect.  
We do have that data point that it seems to satisfy NetBSD users.

(Although an interesting question would be what to call the library?  
Under the BSD license, I think we would call it libc.)
> If we don't commit to that, we'll end-up shipping readline anyway for 
> some projects, rendering any libedit-compat work wasted. In which case 
> we're better off just shipping a dynamic readline and eliminating 
> multiple extant statically linked copies of it..
Its all cost/benefit.  If we can't make it public, I can't say I see 
much gain in eliminating the multiple internal copies.

- jek3




From sacadmin Tue Apr  3 12:37:20 2007
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From: Paul Jakma <Paul.Jakma@sun.com>
Subject: Re: PSARC/2007/188 - GNU readline
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On Tue, 3 Apr 2007, Casper.Dik@Sun.COM wrote:

>> This must be the case, for otherwise:
>>
>> - NetBSD would be violating the GPL by distributing BSD licensed code
>>   linking to a BSD licensed implementation of the readline API
>>   - Which would imply the readline API itself, independent of
>>     implementation, is somehow licensed under the GPL
>>     - Which flies against existing US case law I think
>
>
> Ah, no, but the argument goes something like "but there is (was) no 
> such implementation therefor it can only be linked to our 
> implementation therefor you must fall under the GPL

Again, I'd doubt the FSF would lay claim to have copyright on an 
/interface/... How did RMS and the FSF start out after all? :)

If their claim was that, in the 90s, coding to the readline API showed 
definite intent of using specific GPL code, and hence made such code 
subject to the GPL, then that seems a reasonable opinion for the FSF to 
have held. Certainly reasonable enough that the FSF were able to 
convince at least one copyright holder of its merit[1]..

The facts have changed since then, presuming libedit is compatible 
enough. Have the FSF said anything about readline licensing more 
recently?

Is libedit a 'cp && nigthtly' replacement, does anyone know? :)

1. Were any of those cases corporations with therefore presumably good
    legal counsel?

regards,
-- 
Paul Jakma,
Solaris Networking
http://opensolaris.org/os/project/quagga tel: EMEA x19190 / +353 1 819 9190

From sacadmin Tue Apr  3 12:41:27 2007
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From: Paul Jakma <Paul.Jakma@sun.com>
Subject: Re: PSARC/2007/188 - GNU readline
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On Tue, 3 Apr 2007, Paul Jakma wrote:

> On Tue, 3 Apr 2007, Casper.Dik@Sun.COM wrote:
>
>> What I said that: if a program *optionally* can use a GPL'ed library, then 
>> it falls under the GPL; at least, that has always been GNU claim wrt 
>> readline.
>
> I'm not sure 'optionally' correctly characterises the FSFs' view. E.g.:
>
>  http://sourceware.org/ml/guile/1999-02/msg00151.html

Even more clear:

   http://sourceware.org/ml/guile/1999-02/msg00140.html

Note that Guile is/was an FSF project. According to RMS, giving the 
*user* the /option/ for guile to use readline with their programme would 
be ok.

regards,
-- 
Paul Jakma,
Solaris Networking
http://opensolaris.org/os/project/quagga tel: EMEA x19190 / +353 1 819 9190

From sacadmin Tue Apr  3 12:46:18 2007
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Date: Tue, 03 Apr 2007 14:44:49 -0500
From: Nicolas Williams <Nicolas.Williams@sun.com>
Subject: Re: PSARC/2007/188 - GNU readline
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On Tue, Apr 03, 2007 at 09:23:40AM -1000, Joseph Kowalski wrote:
> The most we could do would be to place an entry in the
> ATTRIBUTES section stating the specific license, but we

How about an ELF attribute, so the linker could help enforce license
requirements:

ld -B CDDL -B BSD -B MPL ... -lreadline
error: readline is licensed under GPL; GPL was not specifically allowed

:)

Nico
-- 

From sacadmin Tue Apr  3 13:04:43 2007
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Date: Tue, 03 Apr 2007 15:03:15 -0500
From: Nicolas Williams <Nicolas.Williams@sun.com>
Subject: Re: PSARC/2007/188 - GNU readline
In-reply-to: <Pine.LNX.4.64.0704032038180.2706@localhost.localdomain>
To: Paul Jakma <Paul.Jakma@sun.com>
Cc: Casper.Dik@sun.com, Larry Lee <Lawrence.Lee@sun.com>,
        Bill Sommerfeld <sommerfeld@sun.com>,
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On Tue, Apr 03, 2007 at 08:40:45PM +0100, Paul Jakma wrote:
> On Tue, 3 Apr 2007, Paul Jakma wrote:
> 
> >On Tue, 3 Apr 2007, Casper.Dik@Sun.COM wrote:
> >
> >>What I said that: if a program *optionally* can use a GPL'ed library, 
> >>then it falls under the GPL; at least, that has always been GNU claim wrt 
> >>readline.
> >
> >I'm not sure 'optionally' correctly characterises the FSFs' view. E.g.:
> >
> > http://sourceware.org/ml/guile/1999-02/msg00151.html
> 
> Even more clear:
> 
>   http://sourceware.org/ml/guile/1999-02/msg00140.html

Less clear:

http://sourceware.org/ml/guile/1999-02/msg00153.html

and RMS' follow-up:

http://sourceware.org/ml/guile/1999-02/msg00176.html

That sub-thread was about dlopen() and ends right there.  But that was
back in 1999.  I've seen other posts that seem to indicate that some ppl
believe that dynamic linking via dlopen() is covered provided that the
same entity distributes both, the caller and at least one GPL'ed callee
that might under some circumstances be called.  I.e., infection via open
SPIs like PAM's is feasible.

Nico
-- 

From sacadmin Tue Apr  3 13:19:46 2007
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Date: Tue, 03 Apr 2007 16:19:03 -0400
From: James Carlson <james.d.carlson@sun.com>
Subject: Re: PSARC/2007/188 - GNU readline
In-reply-to: <20070403194449.GN28748@Sun.COM>
To: Nicolas Williams <Nicolas.Williams@sun.com>
Cc: Mark Johnson <Mark.Johnson@sun.com>,
        Dermot McCluskey <Dermot.McCluskey@sun.com>, John.Fischer@sun.com,
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Nicolas Williams writes:
> On Tue, Apr 03, 2007 at 09:23:40AM -1000, Joseph Kowalski wrote:
> > The most we could do would be to place an entry in the
> > ATTRIBUTES section stating the specific license, but we
> 
> How about an ELF attribute, so the linker could help enforce license
> requirements:
> 
> ld -B CDDL -B BSD -B MPL ... -lreadline
> error: readline is licensed under GPL; GPL was not specifically allowed

Wretched.  :-/

-- 
James Carlson, Solaris Networking              <james.d.carlson@sun.com>
Sun Microsystems / 1 Network Drive         71.232W   Vox +1 781 442 2084
MS UBUR02-212 / Burlington MA 01803-2757   42.496N   Fax +1 781 442 1677

From sacadmin Tue Apr  3 13:25:51 2007
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Date: Tue, 03 Apr 2007 16:25:02 -0400
From: Bill Sommerfeld <sommerfeld@sun.com>
Subject: Re: PSARC/2007/188 - GNU readline
In-reply-to: <20070403200314.GP28748@Sun.COM>
To: Nicolas Williams <Nicolas.Williams@sun.com>
Cc: Paul Jakma <Paul.Jakma@sun.com>, Casper.Dik@sun.com,
        Larry Lee <Lawrence.Lee@sun.com>,
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On Tue, 2007-04-03 at 15:03 -0500, Nicolas Williams wrote:
> I.e., infection via open SPIs like PAM's is feasible.

I don't believe it's helpful to use words like "infection" or "viral" in
discussions of this interpretation of the GPL; it creates a significant
risk of inflaming the discussion.




From sacadmin Tue Apr  3 13:30:02 2007
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Date: Tue, 03 Apr 2007 15:28:29 -0500
From: Nicolas Williams <Nicolas.Williams@sun.com>
Subject: Re: PSARC/2007/188 - GNU readline
In-reply-to: <1175631902.1001.61.camel@thunk>
To: Bill Sommerfeld <sommerfeld@sun.com>
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On Tue, Apr 03, 2007 at 04:25:02PM -0400, Bill Sommerfeld wrote:
> On Tue, 2007-04-03 at 15:03 -0500, Nicolas Williams wrote:
> > I.e., infection via open SPIs like PAM's is feasible.
> 
> I don't believe it's helpful to use words like "infection" or "viral" in
> discussions of this interpretation of the GPL; it creates a significant
> risk of inflaming the discussion.

I was not actually stating that this is the case -- the context shows
that.

From sacadmin Tue Apr  3 17:03:07 2007
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Date: Tue, 03 Apr 2007 20:02:23 -0400
From: Bill Sommerfeld <sommerfeld@sun.com>
Subject: Re: PSARC/2007/188 - GNU readline
In-reply-to: <461285E2.1030103@sun.com>
To: Larry Lee <Lawrence.Lee@sun.com>
Cc: Casper.Dik@sun.com, Paul Jakma <Paul.Jakma@sun.com>,
        Dermot McCluskey <Dermot.McCluskey@sun.com>,
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On Tue, 2007-04-03 at 09:50 -0700, Larry Lee wrote:
> The point that I was asking about is if an API could be copyrighted.
> I never thought so, but that seems to be the issue here, so I'm asking.

That's a question of copyright law which we are not competant to
evaluate.

A few minutes searching on google will turn up postings in mail archives
containing assertions from key members of FSF that any program linked
with readline is a derivative work of readline and so must be licensed
under the GPL or a GPL-compatible license.  






From sacadmin Tue Apr  3 18:41:10 2007
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From: Larry Lee <Lawrence.Lee@sun.com>
Subject: Re: PSARC/2007/188 - GNU readline
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Bill Sommerfeld wrote:
> On Tue, 2007-04-03 at 09:50 -0700, Larry Lee wrote:
>   
>> The point that I was asking about is if an API could be copyrighted.
>> I never thought so, but that seems to be the issue here, so I'm asking.
>>     
>
> That's a question of copyright law which we are not competant to
> evaluate.
>   
Certainly it needs to be reviewed by our lawyers on the basis of a 
likely challenge
but I hope that copyright law has not gotten so esoteric that only 
lawyers can understand it.
> A few minutes searching on google will turn up postings in mail archives
> containing assertions from key members of FSF that any program linked
> with readline is a derivative work of readline and so must be licensed
> under the GPL or a GPL-compatible license.
>   
The FSF can assert whatever they want, it's copyright law that matters.
If we aren't linked to  GPL'd code, then the FSF can't say a thing.


As I viewed the discussion this morning it seemed to me (YMMV),
that everyone just assumed that an application making a call to readline was
automatically GPL'd.   And that we are so afraid of FSF either suing us 
or bashing
us in the public forums that we don't dare even consider challenging 
that notion.

IMO that's bullshit, we sacrifice our rights and submit to the FSF 
without even
considering the option and that's why I asked the questions that I did.


It's only if an application specifically links to the GNU libreadline 
(or whatever
GNU library it's in) that the application would link to a GPL'd code.
This is a decision that the application programmer would make when he 
creates
his makefile.

One way, by including -lreadline in the makefile the application gets a 
readline
that fully conforms to the GNU implementation, and the price is that the 
application
must be distributed under the GPL.

The other way, if we put our readline into both our libc and the GNU 
libc that
we distribute, then an application would link to our readline by default.

If we want the application programmer to consciously make the decision,
then we put our readline implementation into a library called 
libNOGPLreadline
and force the application programmer to  include a -lNOGPLreadline in 
the Makefile.

Since we distribute all our source , the FSF can examine the code to 
their hearts content
but it will be clear that we are not using their code with the GPL 
encumbrances.



The only issue that I can see is that if we release our source code 
under an license
that is incompatible with the GPL (CDDL for example) and someone else 
decides
to modify our Makefile to include the GNU libreadline and then 
redistributes the
binary, then that someone else will be in the awkward position of being 
in breach
of either the CDDL or the GPL.

That is not Sun's problem per se.  We ought  to document this so we 
don't leave
beartraps for the user to step in.

From sacadmin Tue Apr  3 19:16:27 2007
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Date: Tue, 03 Apr 2007 16:15:20 -1000
From: Joseph Kowalski <jek3@sun.com>
Subject: Re: PSARC/2007/188 - GNU readline
In-reply-to: <4613020E.7030506@sun.com>
To: Larry Lee <Lawrence.Lee@sun.com>
Cc: Bill Sommerfeld <sommerfeld@sun.com>, Casper.Dik@sun.com,
        Paul Jakma <Paul.Jakma@sun.com>,
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Larry Lee wrote:
> Certainly it needs to be reviewed by our lawyers on the basis of a 
> likely challenge
> but I hope that copyright law has not gotten so esoteric that only 
> lawyers can understand it.
Doesn't matter.

Sun Policy requires the review.  Get over it.
>> A few minutes searching on google will turn up postings in mail archives
>> containing assertions from key members of FSF that any program linked
>> with readline is a derivative work of readline and so must be licensed
>> under the GPL or a GPL-compatible license.
>>   
> The FSF can assert whatever they want, it's copyright law that matters.
> If we aren't linked to  GPL'd code, then the FSF can't say a thing.
Well, I guess either you, they or both don't understand copyright law.  8^)

Then again, I'll assert that it doesn't matter.  The press associated with
a FSF suit is probably a bigger issue than the suit.
> IMO that's bullshit, we sacrifice our rights and submit to the FSF 
> without even
> considering the option and that's why I asked the questions that I did.
That's why we need legal's opinion.  The rest of us are just conjecturing.

- jek3


From sacadmin Wed Apr  4 05:31:17 2007
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Date: Wed, 04 Apr 2007 13:30:35 +0100
From: Dermot McCluskey <Dermot.McCluskey@sun.com>
Subject: Re: PSARC/2007/188 - GNU readline
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Joseph Kowalski wrote On 04/03/07 19:36,:

> I'm still *strongly* pushing for your suggestion of NetBSD or Lee's 
> suggestion
> of a "clean room".
>
> What's better: 100% compatible which few can use or 99.44% compatible 
> which all can use.


I believe in practice that even if we provide a different, unencumbered
but compatible library such as libedit, that the existing and planned
users of readline (MySQL, libvirt, etc) will take the easier option of
statically linking a private copy of readline.  Licensing has not been
an issue for these projects as they are already GPL.


This case assumes Legal approval of the new GPL/LGPL guidelines,
such that there will be no (self-imposed) legal bar on providing GPL
libraries in the default path or elsewhere.

- Dermot


From sacadmin Wed Apr  4 07:31:38 2007
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Date: Wed, 04 Apr 2007 07:30:57 -0700
From: Ed Gould <Ed.Gould@sun.com>
Subject: Re: PSARC/2007/188 - GNU readline
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On Apr 4, 2007, at 5:30, Dermot McCluskey wrote:
> This case assumes Legal approval of the new GPL/LGPL guidelines,
> such that there will be no (self-imposed) legal bar on providing GPL
> libraries in the default path or elsewhere.

It seems clear to me that we need to formulate a specific policy, in 
coordination with Legal, on the import of GPL libraries.  I don't think 
we can decide what the policy should be without consulting a lawyer.

	--Ed


From sacadmin Wed Apr  4 08:14:18 2007
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Date: Wed, 04 Apr 2007 11:13:37 -0400
From: Bill Sommerfeld <sommerfeld@sun.com>
Subject: Re: PSARC/2007/188 - GNU readline
In-reply-to: <46130A38.3080403@sun.com>
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On Tue, 2007-04-03 at 16:15 -1000, Joseph Kowalski wrote:
> Then again, I'll assert that it doesn't matter.  The press associated with
> a FSF suit is probably a bigger issue than the suit.

indeed.  Another avenue would be to pursue this via contacts we have
with FSF.  Most of what people have to go on is 5+-year old mailing list
posts from key members of the FSF.  

Simon Phipps has mentioned talking to them recently on a couple
occasions on posts to opensolaris lists.  

					- Bill




From sacadmin Wed Apr  4 08:55:35 2007
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Date: Wed, 04 Apr 2007 10:54:08 -0500
From: Nicolas Williams <Nicolas.Williams@sun.com>
Subject: Re: PSARC/2007/188 - GNU readline
In-reply-to: <17938.46775.724648.284111@gargle.gargle.HOWL>
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On Tue, Apr 03, 2007 at 04:19:03PM -0400, James Carlson wrote:
> Nicolas Williams writes:
> > On Tue, Apr 03, 2007 at 09:23:40AM -1000, Joseph Kowalski wrote:
> > > The most we could do would be to place an entry in the
> > > ATTRIBUTES section stating the specific license, but we
> > 
> > How about an ELF attribute, so the linker could help enforce license
> > requirements:
> > 
> > ld -B CDDL -B BSD -B MPL ... -lreadline
> > error: readline is licensed under GPL; GPL was not specifically allowed
> 
> Wretched.  :-/

Maybe, but if use restrictions such as GPL's on linking are valid or
accepted as such (whether they derive from copyright on an API or
whether it's just FUD), then compilation/run-time support for enforcing
such restrictions could be useful in keeping _us_ out of trouble.

Alternatively ON's nightly could check that nothing links to GPLed
anything in ON that isn't on a white list.  Repeat for each
consolidation (other than SFW, unless multiple license [in]compatibility
issues arise in SFW).

Nico
-- 

From sacadmin Wed Apr  4 09:06:55 2007
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Date: Wed, 04 Apr 2007 12:06:14 -0400
From: James Carlson <james.d.carlson@sun.com>
Subject: Re: PSARC/2007/188 - GNU readline
In-reply-to: <20070404155407.GI28748@Sun.COM>
To: Nicolas Williams <Nicolas.Williams@sun.com>
Cc: Mark Johnson <Mark.Johnson@sun.com>,
        Dermot McCluskey <Dermot.McCluskey@sun.com>, John.Fischer@sun.com,
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Nicolas Williams writes:
> > Wretched.  :-/
> 
> Maybe, but if use restrictions such as GPL's on linking are valid or
> accepted as such (whether they derive from copyright on an API or
> whether it's just FUD), then compilation/run-time support for enforcing
> such restrictions could be useful in keeping _us_ out of trouble.
> 
> Alternatively ON's nightly could check that nothing links to GPLed
> anything in ON that isn't on a white list.  Repeat for each
> consolidation (other than SFW, unless multiple license [in]compatibility
> issues arise in SFW).

As the licensing issues are much more complex than just a single
"which one" question, I think this suggestion (if serious) provides a
substantial risk of providing a false sense of security to users.

Those who set the flags right and are told that nothing is wrong will
_assume_ that they are in fact in the clear.  Given that we can't
actually guarantee that, and that doing so would be tantamount to
providing free legal advice by way of our system utilities and linking
infrastructure, I don't think it's a good idea.

-- 
James Carlson, Solaris Networking              <james.d.carlson@sun.com>
Sun Microsystems / 1 Network Drive         71.232W   Vox +1 781 442 2084
MS UBUR02-212 / Burlington MA 01803-2757   42.496N   Fax +1 781 442 1677

From sacadmin Wed Apr  4 10:31:55 2007
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From: John Fischer <John.Fischer@sun.com>
Subject: Re: PSARC/2007/188 - GNU readline
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Dermot,

I have extended the timer as requested at PSARC today.
This was done so that we can get the legal issue(s) 
addressed.  Please continue the dialog with PSARC and
update them when you have legal's response.

Thanks,

John

On Wed, 2007-04-04 at 09:06, James Carlson wrote:
> Nicolas Williams writes:
> > > Wretched.  :-/
> > 
> > Maybe, but if use restrictions such as GPL's on linking are valid or
> > accepted as such (whether they derive from copyright on an API or
> > whether it's just FUD), then compilation/run-time support for enforcing
> > such restrictions could be useful in keeping _us_ out of trouble.
> > 
> > Alternatively ON's nightly could check that nothing links to GPLed
> > anything in ON that isn't on a white list.  Repeat for each
> > consolidation (other than SFW, unless multiple license [in]compatibility
> > issues arise in SFW).
> 
> As the licensing issues are much more complex than just a single
> "which one" question, I think this suggestion (if serious) provides a
> substantial risk of providing a false sense of security to users.
> 
> Those who set the flags right and are told that nothing is wrong will
> _assume_ that they are in fact in the clear.  Given that we can't
> actually guarantee that, and that doing so would be tantamount to
> providing free legal advice by way of our system utilities and linking
> infrastructure, I don't think it's a good idea.
> 
> -- 
> James Carlson, Solaris Networking              <james.d.carlson@sun.com>
> Sun Microsystems / 1 Network Drive         71.232W   Vox +1 781 442 2084
> MS UBUR02-212 / Burlington MA 01803-2757   42.496N   Fax +1 781 442 1677


From sacadmin Fri Apr  6 17:54:20 2007
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Date: Fri, 06 Apr 2007 17:53:35 -0700
From: Stephen Hahn <sch@sun.com>
Subject: Re: PSARC/2007/188 - GNU readline
In-reply-to: <46128A14.4090603@sun.com>
To: Joseph Kowalski <jek3@sun.com>
Cc: Dermot McCluskey <Dermot.McCluskey@sun.com>, John.Fischer@sun.com,
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* Joseph Kowalski <jek3@sun.com> [2007-04-03 10:09]:
> Isn't Hahn now MIA?  :-\

  I don't think so, although opinions may differ.  I follow ARC on
  opensolaris-arc@opensolaris.org, so missed this until Dermot sent me a
  pointer.

  The current GPL/LGPL architectural guidelines

	http://webhome.sfbay/OFR/GPL-LGPLArchRules.html

  are being revised, in part because we believe that the document and
  the open source review tool don't have enough concrete guidelines for
  preferred use.  The guidelines are a bit out of date with respect to
  practices in certain products and consolidations, which has also
  caused some concerns.  I do believe that the revision will cover the
  kinds of use we are already seeing within SMI, but not promote
  additional use.

  With respect to readline, my expectation is that the guidelines or an
  interpretation for decision makers would discourage any use of
  readline for components not already under a compatible license.
  That is, we should provide readline for end customers and for
  compatibly licensed components in which we are involved, but we should
  also evaluate promotion of our use of libtecla or further
  investigation of libedit.  One point the SFW Consolidation believes
  has changed from 2001 is customer awareness of open source,
  specifically developer awareness of open source licensing (and its
  complications).

  At present, SFW encodes copyright information in its packages and will
  begin to provide license information in its source tree.  As far as I
  know, there is no current shared practice around other forms of
  disclosure.

  - Stephen

-- 
sch@sun.com  http://blogs.sun.com/sch/

From sacadmin Wed Apr 11 10:19:17 2007
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Date: Wed, 11 Apr 2007 18:18:34 +0100
From: Dermot McCluskey <Dermot.McCluskey@sun.com>
Subject: Re: PSARC/2007/188 - GNU readline
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John Fischer wrote On 04/04/07 18:30,:

>Dermot,
>
>I have extended the timer as requested at PSARC today.
>This was done so that we can get the legal issue(s) 
>addressed.  Please continue the dialog with PSARC and
>update them when you have legal's response.
>  
>

The new GPL/LGPL legal guidelines have not yet been approved.

They require further clarification and expansion, but the expectation
is that the guidelines will be approved once this is complete.  The
earliest this can happen in May 4, but will probably be later.

So, does the readline case have to be parked, pending full approval
from Legal of the new guidelines?

- Dermot


From sacadmin Wed Feb 11 10:36:40 2009
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Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2009 18:36:42 +0000
From: Dermot McCluskey <Dermot.McCluskey@Sun.COM>
Subject: Re: PSARC/2007/188 - GNU readline
In-reply-to: <20070407005335.GA804@eng.sun.com>
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Hi,

I wish to resurrect this ARC case, which has been in
waiting status for almost 2 years.

The main reason for parking the case was that our legal
guidelines at that time prevented us from shipping GPL
libraries in default locations.  David Comay now informs
me that he has verbal agreement with Legal to remove this
restriction and will very shortly have new guidelines which
require only a note in the relevant man page to highlight
the license issue.


John - can you restart the timer, please?


Thanks,
- Dermot



On 04/07/07 01:53, Stephen Hahn wrote:
> * Joseph Kowalski <jek3@sun.com> [2007-04-03 10:09]:
>> Isn't Hahn now MIA?  :-\
> 
>   I don't think so, although opinions may differ.  I follow ARC on
>   opensolaris-arc@opensolaris.org, so missed this until Dermot sent me a
>   pointer.
> 
>   The current GPL/LGPL architectural guidelines
> 
> 	http://webhome.sfbay/OFR/GPL-LGPLArchRules.html
> 
>   are being revised, in part because we believe that the document and
>   the open source review tool don't have enough concrete guidelines for
>   preferred use.  The guidelines are a bit out of date with respect to
>   practices in certain products and consolidations, which has also
>   caused some concerns.  I do believe that the revision will cover the
>   kinds of use we are already seeing within SMI, but not promote
>   additional use.
> 
>   With respect to readline, my expectation is that the guidelines or an
>   interpretation for decision makers would discourage any use of
>   readline for components not already under a compatible license.
>   That is, we should provide readline for end customers and for
>   compatibly licensed components in which we are involved, but we should
>   also evaluate promotion of our use of libtecla or further
>   investigation of libedit.  One point the SFW Consolidation believes
>   has changed from 2001 is customer awareness of open source,
>   specifically developer awareness of open source licensing (and its
>   complications).
> 
>   At present, SFW encodes copyright information in its packages and will
>   begin to provide license information in its source tree.  As far as I
>   know, there is no current shared practice around other forms of
>   disclosure.
> 
>   - Stephen
> 

From sacadmin Wed Feb 11 10:48:54 2009
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Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2009 10:48:46 -0800 (PST)
From: John Fischer <johnf@sr1-umpk-12.sfbay.sun.com>
Subject: Re: PSARC/2007/188 - GNU readline
To: psarc@sun.com
Cc: Dermot.McCluskey@sun.com, John.Fischer@sun.com
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All,

I have reset the timer for Wednesday, February 11th, 2009.

Thanks,

John

From sacadmin Wed Feb 11 10:51:11 2009
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Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2009 13:51:02 -0500
From: Brian Utterback <brian.utterback@sun.com>
Subject: Re: PSARC/2007/188 - GNU readline
In-reply-to: <49931ABA.8010906@Sun.COM>
To: Dermot.McCluskey@sun.com
Cc: psarc@sun.com, Stephen Hahn <sch@sun.com>, John.Fischer@sun.com
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I am interested in the resolution of this issue. Did legal decide that 
letting a user's product silently attach the GPL license didn't 
matter, or that the API is what was covered and if it can use the 
readline API it is already covered by the GPL, like it or not?

Dermot McCluskey wrote:
> Hi,
> 
> I wish to resurrect this ARC case, which has been in
> waiting status for almost 2 years.
> 
> The main reason for parking the case was that our legal
> guidelines at that time prevented us from shipping GPL
> libraries in default locations.  David Comay now informs
> me that he has verbal agreement with Legal to remove this
> restriction and will very shortly have new guidelines which
> require only a note in the relevant man page to highlight
> the license issue.
> 
> 
> John - can you restart the timer, please?
> 
> 
> Thanks,
> - Dermot
> 
> 
> 
> On 04/07/07 01:53, Stephen Hahn wrote:
>> * Joseph Kowalski <jek3@sun.com> [2007-04-03 10:09]:
>>> Isn't Hahn now MIA?  :-\
>>
>>   I don't think so, although opinions may differ.  I follow ARC on
>>   opensolaris-arc@opensolaris.org, so missed this until Dermot sent me a
>>   pointer.
>>
>>   The current GPL/LGPL architectural guidelines
>>
>>     http://webhome.sfbay/OFR/GPL-LGPLArchRules.html
>>
>>   are being revised, in part because we believe that the document and
>>   the open source review tool don't have enough concrete guidelines for
>>   preferred use.  The guidelines are a bit out of date with respect to
>>   practices in certain products and consolidations, which has also
>>   caused some concerns.  I do believe that the revision will cover the
>>   kinds of use we are already seeing within SMI, but not promote
>>   additional use.
>>
>>   With respect to readline, my expectation is that the guidelines or an
>>   interpretation for decision makers would discourage any use of
>>   readline for components not already under a compatible license.
>>   That is, we should provide readline for end customers and for
>>   compatibly licensed components in which we are involved, but we should
>>   also evaluate promotion of our use of libtecla or further
>>   investigation of libedit.  One point the SFW Consolidation believes
>>   has changed from 2001 is customer awareness of open source,
>>   specifically developer awareness of open source licensing (and its
>>   complications).
>>
>>   At present, SFW encodes copyright information in its packages and will
>>   begin to provide license information in its source tree.  As far as I
>>   know, there is no current shared practice around other forms of
>>   disclosure.
>>
>>   - Stephen
>>

-- 
blu

"Murderous organizations have increased in size and scope; they are
more daring, they are served by the most terrible weapons offered by
modern science, and the world is nowadays threatened by new forces
which, if recklessly unchained, may some day wreak universal
destruction."  - Arthur Griffith, 1898
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Brian Utterback - Solaris RPE, Sun Microsystems, Inc.
Ph:877-259-7345, Em:brian.utterback-at-ess-you-enn-dot-kom

From sacadmin Wed Feb 11 10:58:00 2009
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Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2009 13:57:47 -0500
From: James Carlson <james.d.carlson@sun.com>
Subject: Re: PSARC/2007/188 - GNU readline
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John Fischer writes:
> I have reset the timer for Wednesday, February 11th, 2009.

Assuming this means we're back to the obvious /usr/lib and
/usr/include installation, I'll give an enthusiastic +1.

Yay!

-- 
James Carlson, Solaris Networking              <james.d.carlson@sun.com>
Sun Microsystems / 35 Network Drive        71.232W   Vox +1 781 442 2084
MS UBUR02-212 / Burlington MA 01803-2757   42.496N   Fax +1 781 442 1677

From sacadmin Wed Feb 11 11:01:48 2009
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Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2009 14:01:37 -0500
From: James Carlson <james.d.carlson@sun.com>
Subject: Re: PSARC/2007/188 - GNU readline
In-reply-to: <49931E16.9090900@sun.com>
To: Brian Utterback <Brian.Utterback@sun.com>
Cc: Dermot.McCluskey@sun.com, psarc@sun.com, Stephen Hahn <sch@sun.com>,
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Brian Utterback writes:
> I am interested in the resolution of this issue. Did legal decide that 
> letting a user's product silently attach the GPL license didn't 
> matter, or that the API is what was covered and if it can use the 
> readline API it is already covered by the GPL, like it or not?

I think the question is probably off topic for this list, but it's
worth noting that GPL isn't the only license that can potentially end
up fouling the plans of others, and that Sun can hardly be on the hook
to do other people's legal evaluations for them, which is the
implication of creating a GPL ghetto.  Thus, the previous policy
simply made no sense at all, and it's wonderful to see it abandoned,
regardless of the rationale behind the change.

It'd be swell if the change also came with a promise that (in the
future) we're going to leave questions of system architecture up to
the folks who are responsible for it, but maybe that's asking a bit
too much.

-- 
James Carlson, Solaris Networking              <james.d.carlson@sun.com>
Sun Microsystems / 35 Network Drive        71.232W   Vox +1 781 442 2084
MS UBUR02-212 / Burlington MA 01803-2757   42.496N   Fax +1 781 442 1677

From sacadmin Wed Feb 11 11:15:45 2009
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Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2009 13:14:14 -0600
From: Nicolas Williams <Nicolas.Williams@sun.com>
Subject: Re: PSARC/2007/188 - GNU readline
In-reply-to: <18835.8337.804330.758426@gargle.gargle.HOWL>
To: James Carlson <James.D.Carlson@sun.com>
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On Wed, Feb 11, 2009 at 02:01:37PM -0500, James Carlson wrote:
> Brian Utterback writes:
> > I am interested in the resolution of this issue. Did legal decide that 
> > letting a user's product silently attach the GPL license didn't 
> > matter, or that the API is what was covered and if it can use the 
> > readline API it is already covered by the GPL, like it or not?
> 
> I think the question is probably off topic for this list, but it's
> worth noting that GPL isn't the only license that can potentially end
> up fouling the plans of others, and that Sun can hardly be on the hook
> to do other people's legal evaluations for them, which is the
> implication of creating a GPL ghetto.  Thus, the previous policy
> simply made no sense at all, and it's wonderful to see it abandoned,
> regardless of the rationale behind the change.
> 
> It'd be swell if the change also came with a promise that (in the
> future) we're going to leave questions of system architecture up to
> the folks who are responsible for it, but maybe that's asking a bit
> too much.

Lawyers provide advice and should not make business decisions.
Management makes business decisions based on, among other things, advice
from Legal.  In this case it seems that overly-conservative lawyers and
management led to this enormous delay (or perhaps it was something
else?) before we did the right thing.

Nico
-- 

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Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2009 14:33:32 -0500
From: Brian Utterback <brian.utterback@sun.com>
Subject: Re: PSARC/2007/188 - GNU readline
In-reply-to: <18835.8337.804330.758426@gargle.gargle.HOWL>
To: James Carlson <James.D.Carlson@sun.com>
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James Carlson wrote:
> Brian Utterback writes:
>> I am interested in the resolution of this issue. Did legal decide that 
>> letting a user's product silently attach the GPL license didn't 
>> matter, or that the API is what was covered and if it can use the 
>> readline API it is already covered by the GPL, like it or not?
> 
> I think the question is probably off topic for this list, but it's
> worth noting that GPL isn't the only license that can potentially end
> up fouling the plans of others, and that Sun can hardly be on the hook
> to do other people's legal evaluations for them, which is the
> implication of creating a GPL ghetto.  Thus, the previous policy
> simply made no sense at all, and it's wonderful to see it abandoned,
> regardless of the rationale behind the change.
> 
> It'd be swell if the change also came with a promise that (in the
> future) we're going to leave questions of system architecture up to
> the folks who are responsible for it, but maybe that's asking a bit
> too much.
> 

That's why I want to know. Does this represent a blanket business 
decision that the users are responsible for the bits that go into 
their apps, no matter the reason and source, and thus removing the 
license as a consideration for all libraries in the future, or is this 
a one off, perhaps due to negotiations with FSF regarding readline 
specifically?  In the original thread there was a discussion of the 
fact that the FSF regarded the use of the readline API by itself as 
enough to attach the GPL. If legal concurred with that opinion, then 
perhaps they decided to allow readline because any program that linked 
to it would have already been de facto covered by the GPL and thus it 
did not change anything. If that is the case, then GPL'ed libraries 
might be off the hook, but others might still need scrutiny.

-- 
blu

"Murderous organizations have increased in size and scope; they are
more daring, they are served by the most terrible weapons offered by
modern science, and the world is nowadays threatened by new forces
which, if recklessly unchained, may some day wreak universal
destruction."  - Arthur Griffith, 1898
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Brian Utterback - Solaris RPE, Sun Microsystems, Inc.
Ph:877-259-7345, Em:brian.utterback-at-ess-you-enn-dot-kom

From sacadmin Wed Feb 11 11:38:50 2009
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Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2009 11:38:40 -0800
From: Bart Smaalders <bart.smaalders@sun.com>
Subject: Re: PSARC/2007/188 - GNU readline
In-reply-to: <49931E16.9090900@sun.com>
To: Brian Utterback <brian.utterback@sun.com>
Cc: Dermot.McCluskey@sun.com, psarc@sun.com, Stephen Hahn <sch@sun.com>,
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Brian Utterback wrote:
> I am interested in the resolution of this issue. Did legal decide that 
> letting a user's product silently attach the GPL license didn't matter, 
> or that the API is what was covered and if it can use the readline API 
> it is already covered by the GPL, like it or not?

Last time I checked, using automated tools to build products doesn't
absolve anyone of the need to understand what it is they are building...

- Bart


-- 
Bart Smaalders			Solaris Kernel Performance
barts@cyber.eng.sun.com		http://blogs.sun.com/barts
"You will contribute more with mercurial than with thunderbird."

From sacadmin Wed Feb 11 11:42:08 2009
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Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2009 11:41:42 -0800
From: "Garrett D'Amore" <gdamore@sun.com>
Subject: Re: PSARC/2007/188 - GNU readline
In-reply-to: <20090211191414.GL9992@Sun.COM>
Sender: Garrett.Damore@sun.com
To: Nicolas Williams <Nicolas.Williams@sun.com>
Cc: James Carlson <James.D.Carlson@sun.com>,
        Brian Utterback <Brian.Utterback@sun.com>, Dermot.McCluskey@sun.com,
        psarc@sun.com, Stephen Hahn <sch@sun.com>, John.Fischer@sun.com
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The key relevant bit here, I think, is that software developed by Sun, 
not covered by the GPL, must not use this library.   I worry about 
someone getting burned by accident on this one.

I think from a system architecture point of view, it would be *good* if 
the tools we use to build software could help identify possible 
licensing conflicts.  There are a number of possible ways this could be 
done... has anyone given any thought to this?

    -- Garrett

Nicolas Williams wrote:
> On Wed, Feb 11, 2009 at 02:01:37PM -0500, James Carlson wrote:
>   
>> Brian Utterback writes:
>>     
>>> I am interested in the resolution of this issue. Did legal decide that 
>>> letting a user's product silently attach the GPL license didn't 
>>> matter, or that the API is what was covered and if it can use the 
>>> readline API it is already covered by the GPL, like it or not?
>>>       
>> I think the question is probably off topic for this list, but it's
>> worth noting that GPL isn't the only license that can potentially end
>> up fouling the plans of others, and that Sun can hardly be on the hook
>> to do other people's legal evaluations for them, which is the
>> implication of creating a GPL ghetto.  Thus, the previous policy
>> simply made no sense at all, and it's wonderful to see it abandoned,
>> regardless of the rationale behind the change.
>>
>> It'd be swell if the change also came with a promise that (in the
>> future) we're going to leave questions of system architecture up to
>> the folks who are responsible for it, but maybe that's asking a bit
>> too much.
>>     
>
> Lawyers provide advice and should not make business decisions.
> Management makes business decisions based on, among other things, advice
> from Legal.  In this case it seems that overly-conservative lawyers and
> management led to this enormous delay (or perhaps it was something
> else?) before we did the right thing.
>
> Nico
>   


From sacadmin Wed Feb 11 11:47:44 2009
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Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2009 11:47:37 -0800
From: "Garrett D'Amore" <gdamore@sun.com>
Subject: Re: PSARC/2007/188 - GNU readline
In-reply-to: <4993280C.9080809@sun.com>
Sender: Garrett.Damore@sun.com
To: Brian Utterback <Brian.Utterback@sun.com>
Cc: James Carlson <James.D.Carlson@sun.com>, Dermot.McCluskey@sun.com,
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Brian Utterback wrote:
>
>
> James Carlson wrote:
>> Brian Utterback writes:
>>> I am interested in the resolution of this issue. Did legal decide 
>>> that letting a user's product silently attach the GPL license didn't 
>>> matter, or that the API is what was covered and if it can use the 
>>> readline API it is already covered by the GPL, like it or not?
>>
>> I think the question is probably off topic for this list, but it's
>> worth noting that GPL isn't the only license that can potentially end
>> up fouling the plans of others, and that Sun can hardly be on the hook
>> to do other people's legal evaluations for them, which is the
>> implication of creating a GPL ghetto.  Thus, the previous policy
>> simply made no sense at all, and it's wonderful to see it abandoned,
>> regardless of the rationale behind the change.
>>
>> It'd be swell if the change also came with a promise that (in the
>> future) we're going to leave questions of system architecture up to
>> the folks who are responsible for it, but maybe that's asking a bit
>> too much.
>>
>
> That's why I want to know. Does this represent a blanket business 
> decision that the users are responsible for the bits that go into 
> their apps, no matter the reason and source, and thus removing the 
> license as a consideration for all libraries in the future, or is this 
> a one off, perhaps due to negotiations with FSF regarding readline 
> specifically?  In the original thread there was a discussion of the 
> fact that the FSF regarded the use of the readline API by itself as 
> enough to attach the GPL. If legal concurred with that opinion, then 
> perhaps they decided to allow readline because any program that linked 
> to it would have already been de facto covered by the GPL and thus it 
> did not change anything. If that is the case, then GPL'ed libraries 
> might be off the hook, but others might still need scrutiny.
>
IANAL.  But I understand (in the US at least) that copyright covers a 
specific implementation.  One could create an implementation, that was 
100% compatible with GNU readline, and I believe that this would not 
necessarily be covered by the GPL.

I don't think you can copyright an API, although I'm not aware that this 
has ever been tested in court.

I think FSF would be ill advised to pursue such a test, since if APIs 
were copyrightable it would set a dangerous precedent that would have 
ugly implications for a lot of their software.  (Samba, reverse 
engineered Linux drivers, etc.)

    -- Garrett


From sacadmin Wed Feb 11 11:58:42 2009
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Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2009 14:58:27 -0500
From: Brian Utterback <brian.utterback@sun.com>
Subject: Re: PSARC/2007/188 - GNU readline
In-reply-to: <49932B59.5090600@sun.com>
To: "Garrett D'Amore" <gdamore@sun.com>
Cc: James Carlson <James.D.Carlson@sun.com>, Dermot.McCluskey@sun.com,
        psarc@sun.com, Stephen Hahn <sch@sun.com>, John.Fischer@sun.com
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Garrett D'Amore wrote:

> IANAL.  But I understand (in the US at least) that copyright covers a 
> specific implementation.  One could create an implementation, that was 
> 100% compatible with GNU readline, and I believe that this would not 
> necessarily be covered by the GPL.
> 
> I don't think you can copyright an API, although I'm not aware that this 
> has ever been tested in court.
> 
> I think FSF would be ill advised to pursue such a test, since if APIs 
> were copyrightable it would set a dangerous precedent that would have 
> ugly implications for a lot of their software.  (Samba, reverse 
> engineered Linux drivers, etc.)

Oh, I agree. IANAL either. Which is why we tabled this until we got an 
opinion from legal. I think that that opinion could be relevant to 
cases down the road, which is why I would like to know the reasoning.

-- 
blu

"Murderous organizations have increased in size and scope; they are
more daring, they are served by the most terrible weapons offered by
modern science, and the world is nowadays threatened by new forces
which, if recklessly unchained, may some day wreak universal
destruction."  - Arthur Griffith, 1898
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Brian Utterback - Solaris RPE, Sun Microsystems, Inc.
Ph:877-259-7345, Em:brian.utterback-at-ess-you-enn-dot-kom

From sacadmin Wed Feb 11 12:06:15 2009
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Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2009 15:05:50 -0500
From: James Carlson <james.d.carlson@sun.com>
Subject: Re: PSARC/2007/188 - GNU readline
In-reply-to: <4993280C.9080809@sun.com>
To: Brian Utterback <Brian.Utterback@sun.com>
Cc: Dermot.McCluskey@sun.com, psarc@sun.com, Stephen Hahn <sch@sun.com>,
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Brian Utterback writes:
> That's why I want to know. Does this represent a blanket business 
> decision that the users are responsible for the bits that go into 
> their apps, no matter the reason and source, and thus removing the 
> license as a consideration for all libraries in the future, or is this 
> a one off, perhaps due to negotiations with FSF regarding readline 
> specifically?  In the original thread there was a discussion of the 

For the purposes of this case, I don't think it matters, but as a
general legal rule, people are always responsible for their own
actions, and no legal department (let alone Sun's) can change that.
You might be able to turn around and sue someone else that you relied
on for faulty legal advice, but you can't absolve yourself of risk in
the first place.

> fact that the FSF regarded the use of the readline API by itself as 
> enough to attach the GPL. If legal concurred with that opinion, then 
> perhaps they decided to allow readline because any program that linked 
> to it would have already been de facto covered by the GPL and thus it 
> did not change anything. If that is the case, then GPL'ed libraries 
> might be off the hook, but others might still need scrutiny.

Every project requires at least some sort of legal review, so I'm not
sure we have anything like a useful precedent here.

In any event, we're still way off topic, so let's stop.

-- 
James Carlson, Solaris Networking              <james.d.carlson@sun.com>
Sun Microsystems / 35 Network Drive        71.232W   Vox +1 781 442 2084
MS UBUR02-212 / Burlington MA 01803-2757   42.496N   Fax +1 781 442 1677

From sacadmin Wed Feb 11 12:27:02 2009
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Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2009 14:25:34 -0600
From: Nicolas Williams <Nicolas.Williams@sun.com>
Subject: Re: PSARC/2007/188 - GNU readline
In-reply-to: <499329F6.4030907@sun.com>
To: "Garrett D'Amore" <gdamore@sun.com>
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On Wed, Feb 11, 2009 at 11:41:42AM -0800, Garrett D'Amore wrote:
> The key relevant bit here, I think, is that software developed by Sun, 
> not covered by the GPL, must not use this library.   I worry about 
> someone getting burned by accident on this one.

Different issue.

> I think from a system architecture point of view, it would be *good*
> if the tools we use to build software could help identify possible
> licensing conflicts.  There are a number of possible ways this could
> be done... has anyone given any thought to this?

I've mentioned this before too.  Since the mode of "infection" seems to
involve the link-editor[*], it makes sense for the link-editor to also
provide warnings about incompatible licenses.

[*] But not necessarily dlopen(), at least when used with standard
    plug-in interfaces, according to Legal.

From sacadmin Wed Feb 11 14:16:12 2009
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Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2009 14:16:08 -0800 (PST)
From: David Comay <comay@izimbra.SFBay.Sun.COM>
Subject: Re: PSARC/2007/188 - GNU readline
To: Dermot.McCluskey@sun.com, brian.utterback@sun.com
Cc: John.Fischer@sun.com, psarc@sun.com, sch@sun.com
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> I am interested in the resolution of this issue. Did legal decide that 
> letting a user's product silently attach the GPL license didn't 
> matter, or that the API is what was covered and if it can use the 
> readline API it is already covered by the GPL, like it or not?

This really has little to do with the architectural change proposed by
this case so I hesitate to even reply but in short, there are new
GPL/LGPL architectural guidelines[1] that have been created for Sun
products (including OpenSolaris).  Older version of the guidelines
specified that GPL/LGPL component should not be delivered in places
they would be seen automatically (no commands under /usr/bin, no
libraries under /usr/lib, etc).  After a lot of time and discussion,
that part of the guidelines has been removed.

As others have said, it doesn't change the fact that project teams need
to understand the licenses of the components they're linking against
and how they're linking or incorporating the code.  And yes, it would
be great to have some tooling in this area.  But that's not this case.
If you have an interest in working on such tools, please let me know
and we can get the right set of folks in a room.

[1] Yes, we need to make these guidelines more widely available so I'll
get their current location and make that known.

From sacadmin Wed Feb 11 14:19:03 2009
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Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2009 14:18:53 -0800 (PST)
From: David Comay <comay@izimbra.SFBay.Sun.COM>
Subject: Re: PSARC/2007/188 - GNU readline
To: James.D.Carlson@Sun.COM, Nicolas.Williams@Sun.COM
Cc: Brian.Utterback@Sun.COM, Dermot.McCluskey@Sun.COM, John.Fischer@Sun.COM,
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> Lawyers provide advice and should not make business decisions.
> Management makes business decisions based on, among other things, advice
> from Legal.  In this case it seems that overly-conservative lawyers and
> management led to this enormous delay (or perhaps it was something
> else?) before we did the right thing.

It can also be that there were not enough people able/willing to work
with the various entities to educate and discuss the issues.  Some of
the folks involved were extremely busy with higher priority things and
so resolving what seems like simple things took longer than anyone
wanted.

From sacadmin Wed Feb 11 14:26:05 2009
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Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2009 14:26:01 -0800 (PST)
From: David Comay <comay@izimbra.SFBay.Sun.COM>
Subject: Re: PSARC/2007/188 - GNU readline
To: Nicolas.Williams@Sun.COM, gdamore@Sun.COM
Cc: Brian.Utterback@Sun.COM, Dermot.McCluskey@Sun.COM, James.D.Carlson@Sun.COM,
        John.Fischer@Sun.COM, psarc@Sun.COM, sch@Sun.COM
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> The key relevant bit here, I think, is that software developed by Sun, 
> not covered by the GPL, must not use this library.   I worry about 
> someone getting burned by accident on this one.

More precisely, components (whether development by Sun or not) that are
not under a GPL-compatible license may not dynamically link with
libreadline.

> I think from a system architecture point of view, it would be *good* if 
> the tools we use to build software could help identify possible 
> licensing conflicts.  There are a number of possible ways this could be 
> done... has anyone given any thought to this?

Yes, there have been some discussions but like so many things these
days, it's a matter of priority.  If someone would like to file an RFE,
that would be a good start.

From sacadmin Thu Feb 12 10:19:52 2009
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Date: Thu, 12 Feb 2009 10:19:40 -0800
From: John Fischer <John.Fischer@sun.com>
Subject: Re: PSARC/2007/188 - GNU readline
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All,

Sorry, I meant February 18th, 2009.

John

On Wed, 2009-02-11 at 10:48, John Fischer wrote:
> All,
> 
> I have reset the timer for Wednesday, February 11th, 2009.
> 
> Thanks,
> 
> John


From sacadmin Wed Feb 18 12:09:02 2009
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Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2009 12:07:53 -0800
From: John Fischer <John.Fischer@sun.com>
Subject: Re: PSARC/2007/188 - GNU readline
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All,

The last remaining issue (GPL licensing) having been addressed and
having received the +1 I am marking this the slowest fast track ever
closed approved.

Thanks,

John

John Fischer wrote:
> All,
> 
> Sorry, I meant February 18th, 2009.
> 
> John
> 
> On Wed, 2009-02-11 at 10:48, John Fischer wrote:
>> All,
>>
>> I have reset the timer for Wednesday, February 11th, 2009.
>>
>> Thanks,
>>
>> John
> 

