From sommerfeld@Sun.COM Thu Apr  5 21:32:35 2007
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Date: Thu, 05 Apr 2007 19:24:38 -0400
From: Bill Sommerfeld <sommerfeld@Sun.COM>
Subject: 2007/200  Dedicated SMF services for IPsec/IKE
To: PSARC-EXT <PSARC-EXT@Sun.COM>
Cc: Mark Fenwick <mark.fenwick@Sun.COM>
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I'm sponsoring this case for Mark Fenwick.  Timer expires on
4/12/2007.  Release binding is Patch/Micro.  Stability levels are
largely Uncommitted.  It declares Obsolete the interfaces defined by
PSARC 2002/551 (which introduced /etc/default/ipsec) by migrating that
configuration into SMF properties.

Overview:

Currently, IPsec and IKE are initialized as part of
svc:/network/network-initial.

Both the monolithic nature of network-initial and the fact that
in.iked isn't restarted on error are generally regarded as a bug.
This can be incrementally improved by splitting IPsec initialization
out of network-initial.

Detailed description:

The dis-entanglement of IPsec/IKE from the generic network service allows us
the opportunity to improve the integration with SMF by adding:

	o Greater control of each component with the SMF framework.
	o Dedicated restarter for in.iked
	o Syntax checking of configuration files.
        o Service specific logging, better diagnosability.
	o Recording of errors and failures within the SMF framework.
	o Finer grained control of network services.
	o Compliance with SAC Best Practices for SMF.
	o Elimination of race conditions between IPsec and 
	  system/cryptosvc (see 6266083).
	
This project will deliver dedicated SMF services to manage the components
of IPsec in Solaris:

	o svc:/network/ipsec/ipsecalgs 
	o svc:/network/ipsec/policy   
	o svc:/network/ipsec/manual-keys
	o svc:/network/ipsec/ike     

The IPsec/IKE configuration commands are removed from: 

	o svc:/network/network-initial
	o /lib/svc/method/net-init

The new services use existing commands as service methods. These methods will
continue to use existing configuration files for the following reasons:

	o Existing files are well known and documented.
	o Configuration grammar is very complex
	o Some configuration data needs to be kept secret (EG: keys)
	o Existing customers have applications that expect these files to exist.

The use of /etc/default/ipsec configuration file has been depreciated, the
IPsec related parameters defined in this file have been changed to smf(5)
properties.

Note: The /etc/default/ipsec file delivered prior to this change
contained only comments -- no actual values were defined in the file
delivered with Solaris. A customer could make changes here. This case
does not remove this file, but in.iked no longer reads its contents.

The new services should be administered using the svcadm(1M) command. The
enable/disable/refresh/restart subcommands are supported. The properties
defined in the manifests can be displayed with svcprop(1M) and changed with 
svccfg(1M).

The following man pages need to be updated to fully describe these changes:

in.iked(1M)
ipseckey(1M)
ipsecconf(1M)
ipsecalgs(1M)

No attempt has been made to prevent an administrator from using these 
commands to manipulate IPsec configuration outside of the smf(5) framework,
but the man pages do warn of the dangers of doing so.

Note that in the case of in.iked(1M) being restarted, either my svcadm(1M) or
by svc.startd(1M), there may be some interruption of IPsec protected traffic.

This is because some state only exists in memory of the running in.iked(1M)
daemon. This behavior has existed since in.iked(1M) was first introduced,
fixing this is outside of the scope of this project.

A new '-c' flag is added to the ipsecconf(1M) and ipseckey(1M) commands to 
compliment the same flag that already exists with in.iked(1M). This allows the
administrator to check the configuration file for syntax errors before
attempting to apply the changes.

For better fault diagnosis, the existing commands have been modified to 
provide more diagnostic output. This is logged to the smf(5) log files defined 
by the services properties.

The in.iked(1M) daemon forks after reading its initial configuration.
Any errors before the fork are recorded in the smf(5) log file,
any errors after the fork are recorded in in.iked's own log file.

Before these changes, the default error log level for in.iked(1M) was "none".
This has been changed to "op", this value is defined as a property of the
ike service. The "op" debug level is lightweight, it records operational events
such start/stop and the re-reading of a configuration file.

Acceptable values for config/debug_level are documented in the ikeadm(1M)
man page.

Note that this value is used by in.iked(1M) on startup, it can be changed 
while the daemon is running using ikeadm(1M), this functionality already
existed.

Draft man page diffs are in the "materials/man_pages" subdirectory of the case.
Draft manifests are in the "materials/manifests" subdirectory of the case.

Security:

The 'ike' and 'manual-key' services described here are delivered disabled,
because the configuration files required to use these services do not exist
when Solaris is installed. The correct adminstrative proceedure for these
services is:

	o Create IPsec related configuration files.
	o Enable services with svcadm(1M)

Failure to create a valid configuration file before enabling the service will
cause the service to transition to maintenance mode.

The 'policy' service described here does not provide additional network access
or decrease host security when enabled, even when unconfigured. When a valid
configuration has been defined, disabling this service may reduce system
security because the policy can protect the system by droping unprotected
network traffic.

For this reason the 'policy' service is delivered enabled. This change
delivers /etc/inet/ipsecinit.conf which defines a policy which does not
enforce IPsec protection.

The 'ipsecalgs' service synchronizes a list of known algorithms with the
IPsec kernel modules. This service does not provide any additional network
access. The 'policy' service and any customer applications that use 
Per-Socket Policy depend on IPsec modules being configured at system restart.

For these reasons, the 'ipsecalgs' service is delivered enabled.

When correctly configured, the IPsec smf(5) services increase system security
by preventing unauthorized system access and providing protection for
network traffic. Disabling these services could reduce system security, for
this reason the IPsec smf(5) services are not included in any of the
netservices(1M) profiles.

In keeping with Sun's RBAC policy, this project introduces the following
authorizations:

<property_group name='general' type='framework'>
	<propval
		name='action_authorization'
		type='astring'
		value='solaris.smf.manage.ipsec'
	/>
	<propval
		name='value_authorization'
		type='astring'
		value='solaris.smf.manage.ipsec'
	/>
</property_group>

<property_group name='config' type='application'>
	<propval
		name='value_authorization'
		type='astring'
		value='solaris.smf.value.ipsec'
	/>
</property_group>

A new RBAC profile 'Network IPsec Management' has been created and includes
these authorizations. The existing 'Network Security' profile has been 
modified to include 'Network IPsec Management'.

Upgrade:

Changes to bfu and SUNWcsr/[pre,post]install ensure that a system that
already has a valid IPsec configuration will have the new services enabled
on first reboot.

If the system that is upgraded does not have the /etc/inet/ipsecinit.conf
file, this file will be created. The policy defined here will not change
the behaviour of the system.

This is achieved using a "Project Private" mechanism and as such is
subject to PSARC contract /shared/sac/PSARC/2002/547/contract-xx
(attached); a draft of the contract may be found in the case directory as
contract-01.

This method is used because there is no public interface to achieve
this (see 6510895).

Bug/RFE Number(s):

6185380 IPsec should be a separate (set) of smf(5) services
6462741 ipsecconf should have an option to check config file syntax
6467954 ipseckey exit code on failure inconsistent
6497802 in.iked should use smf(5) properties instead of /etc/default/ipsec
6488927 ipseckey(1M) could do a better job of dealing with multiple errors

Exported Interfaces:
+-----------------------------+-----------------+---------------------+
|Interfaces:                  | Classification: | Comments:           |
+-----------------------------+-----------------+---------------------+

svc:/network/ipsec/ipsecalgs	Uncommitted	IPsec algorithm FMRI
svc:/network/ipsec/policy	Uncommitted	IPsec Policy FMRI
svc:/network/ipsec/manual-keys	Uncommitted	IPsec manual key FMRI
svc:/network/ipsec/ike		Uncommitted	IKE FMRI
config/admin_privilege		Uncommitted	IKE property
config/config_file in.iked	Uncommitted	IKE property
config/debug_level		Uncommitted	IKE property
config/debug_logfile		Uncommitted	IKE property
config/ignore_errors		Uncommitted	IKE property
config/config_file 		Uncommitted	Policy property
config/config_file 		Uncommitted	Manual Key Property
solaris.smf.value.ipsec		Uncommitted	IPsec authorization
solaris.smf.manage.ipsec	Uncommitted	IPsec authorization
Network IPsec Management	Uncommitted	RBAC Profile
/usr/sbin/ipsecconf -c		Committed	Check flag
/usr/sbin/ipseckey -c		Committed	Check flag
/etc/default/ipsec		Obsolete	





From Darren.Moffat@Sun.COM Tue Apr 10 03:06:17 2007
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Date: Tue, 10 Apr 2007 11:05:28 +0100
From: Darren J Moffat <Darren.Moffat@Sun.COM>
Subject: Re: 2007/200  Dedicated SMF services for IPsec/IKE
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What about upgrade and the /etc/default/ipsec file ?  Does upgrade 
migrate any settings found in that file into the SMF properties ?

Aside, I find the name of the new RBAC profile a little interesting 
"Network IPsec" - what other kind of IPsec is there ?

More seriously though, the current 'Network Security' RBAC profile has
the following IPsec/IKE related entries

Network 
Security:solaris:cmd:::/usr/lib/inet/in.iked:privs=sys_net_config,net_privaddr
Network Security:solaris:cmd:::/usr/sbin/ikeadm:privs=sys_net_config
Network Security:solaris:cmd:::/usr/sbin/ikecert:privs=sys_net_config
Network Security:solaris:cmd:::/usr/sbin/ipsecalgs:privs=sys_net_config
Network Security:solaris:cmd:::/usr/sbin/ipsecconf:privs=sys_net_config
Network Security:solaris:cmd:::/usr/sbin/ipseckey:privs=sys_net_config


Since this case is creating a new IPsec specific RBAC profile it seems 
to make sense to move these entries into that new profile as part of 
this case, otherwise it is an incomplete profile.

> Disabling these services could reduce system security, for
> this reason the IPsec smf(5) services are not included in any of the
> netservices(1M) profiles.

Shouldn't that mean that they *are* included and explicitly forced to 
the enabled state ?  This is what is done with cryptosvc and GSS which 
are similar to IPsec in the respect that running without them would 
reduce system security.

--
Darren J Moffat

From Mark.Fenwick@Sun.COM Tue Apr 10 08:57:59 2007
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Date: Tue, 10 Apr 2007 08:55:23 -0700 (PDT)
From: Mark Fenwick <Mark.Fenwick@Sun.COM>
Subject: Re: 2007/200  Dedicated SMF services for IPsec/IKE
In-reply-to: Your message with ID <461B6168.1090404@Sun.COM>
To: Darren J Moffat <Darren.Moffat@Sun.COM>
Cc: Bill Sommerfeld <sommerfeld@Sun.COM>, PSARC-EXT <PSARC-EXT@Sun.COM>,
        Mark Fenwick <Mark.Fenwick@Sun.COM>
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Hi Darren,

> What about upgrade and the /etc/default/ipsec file ?  Does upgrade 
> migrate any settings found in that file into the SMF properties ?

No it does not, this would be not that hard but I really don't think anybody will have ever used this file and it was never documented as an interface.

> 
> Aside, I find the name of the new RBAC profile a little interesting 
> "Network IPsec" - what other kind of IPsec is there ?
> 

If you have a better suggestion, please share. The "Network" label was used to 
make it fit nicely in with the other "Network" profiles in proff_attr.

EG:

"Network Wifi Management" :-)

> More seriously though, the current 'Network Security' RBAC profile has
> the following IPsec/IKE related entries
> 
> Network 
> Security:solaris:cmd:::/usr/lib/inet/in.iked:privs=sys_net_config,net_privaddr
> Network Security:solaris:cmd:::/usr/sbin/ikeadm:privs=sys_net_config
> Network Security:solaris:cmd:::/usr/sbin/ikecert:privs=sys_net_config
> Network Security:solaris:cmd:::/usr/sbin/ipsecalgs:privs=sys_net_config
> Network Security:solaris:cmd:::/usr/sbin/ipsecconf:privs=sys_net_config
> Network Security:solaris:cmd:::/usr/sbin/ipseckey:privs=sys_net_config
> 
> 
> Since this case is creating a new IPsec specific RBAC profile it seems 
> to make sense to move these entries into that new profile as part of 
> this case, otherwise it is an incomplete profile.
> 

This has been done already, I can send the webrev around if you would like to see it.

> > Disabling these services could reduce system security, for
> > this reason the IPsec smf(5) services are not included in any of the
> > netservices(1M) profiles.
> 
> Shouldn't that mean that they *are* included and explicitly forced to 
> the enabled state ?  This is what is done with cryptosvc and GSS which 
> are similar to IPsec in the respect that running without them would 
> reduce system security.


We took the decision to enable the service via the manifest.

Mark
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Mark Fenwick, Solaris Security Technologies.
  TEL: +1 (650) 786 2733 (X82733)                     __o
  Sun Microsystems Inc, Menlo Park, California.      `\<,_
                                                   (*)/ (*)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------




From Darren.Moffat@sun.com Tue Apr 10 09:20:13 2007
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Date: Tue, 10 Apr 2007 17:19:28 +0100
From: Darren J Moffat <Darren.Moffat@sun.com>
Subject: Re: 2007/200  Dedicated SMF services for IPsec/IKE
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Mark Fenwick wrote:
> Hi Darren,
> 
>> What about upgrade and the /etc/default/ipsec file ?  Does upgrade 
>> migrate any settings found in that file into the SMF properties ?
> 
> No it does not, this would be not that hard but I really don't think anybody will have ever used this file and it was never documented as an interface.

If it really wasn't documented then I don't see any need to migrate.

>> Aside, I find the name of the new RBAC profile a little interesting 
>> "Network IPsec" - what other kind of IPsec is there ?
>>
> 
> If you have a better suggestion, please share. The "Network" label was used to 
> make it fit nicely in with the other "Network" profiles in proff_attr.

Just "IPsec Management" :-)

> EG:
> 
> "Network Wifi Management" :-)

I guess leave it then, it means it groups nicely in the GUI so maybe 
using the prefix of Network is actually a good best practice, even 
though the 'Network' is redundant :-)

> This has been done already, I can send the webrev around if you would like to see it.

I'm not sure what if any precedent we have for a command moving from one 
RBAC execution profile to another.  So I think the case should be 
explicit about the move.  There is no change in behaviour as far as the 
user who as the top level profile is concerned.  There is however a 
significant change because exec_attr changes and that means the 
nameservice repositories should change too.

It is also important for administrators to know that they can if they 
wish now not give out WiFi security management if all they want is IPsec 
management.  The case didn't make it clear that people with the just the 
new profile could run the commands.

>>> Disabling these services could reduce system security, for
>>> this reason the IPsec smf(5) services are not included in any of the
>>> netservices(1M) profiles.
>> Shouldn't that mean that they *are* included and explicitly forced to 
>> the enabled state ?  This is what is done with cryptosvc and GSS which 
>> are similar to IPsec in the respect that running without them would 
>> reduce system security.
> 
> 
> We took the decision to enable the service via the manifest.

Having it done in the profile rather than the manifest is actually 
"stronger" and will lead to more cases where it is enabled.  For example 
if someone does the following you get it enabled:

# netservices open
# svcadm disable ipsec/policy
# netservices limited

If you enabled only in the manifest that sequence will leave it 
disabled, which I don't believe is the behaviour you are trying to achieve.


-- 
Darren J Moffat

From Mark.Fenwick@sun.com Tue Apr 10 12:13:47 2007
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Date: Tue, 10 Apr 2007 12:11:09 -0700 (PDT)
From: Mark Fenwick <Mark.Fenwick@sun.com>
Subject: Re: 2007/200  Dedicated SMF services for IPsec/IKE
In-reply-to: Your message with ID <461BB910.4000503@Sun.COM>
To: Darren J Moffat <Darren.Moffat@sun.com>
Cc: Mark Fenwick <Mark.Fenwick@sun.com>, Bill Sommerfeld <sommerfeld@sun.com>,
        PSARC-EXT <PSARC-EXT@sun.com>
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> 
> Having it done in the profile rather than the manifest is actually 
> "stronger" and will lead to more cases where it is enabled.  For example 
> if someone does the following you get it enabled:
> 
> # netservices open
> # svcadm disable ipsec/policy
> # netservices limited
> 
> If you enabled only in the manifest that sequence will leave it 
> disabled, which I don't believe is the behaviour you are trying to achieve.


I disagree, this is exactly the behaviour I'm trying to achieve. The reason for delivering  ipsec/policy enabled is provide backwards compatability with S10 and older for those customers who choose to enable IPsec policy by delivering a policy file into /etc/inet and rebooting. I know of one OEM who does this, there are probably more.

Having the ipsec/policy service enabled only makes your system more secure if
the administrator created a valid policy configuration file. The default IPsec
policy is "pass all IP traffic unencrypted". In the example above, the
administrator made the conscious decision to disable IPsec policy, we should
not change this with netservices. 

Mark
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Mark Fenwick, Solaris Security Technologies.
  TEL: +1 (650) 786 2733 (X82733)                     __o
  Sun Microsystems Inc, Menlo Park, California.      `\<,_
                                                   (*)/ (*)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------




From Darren.Moffat@sun.com Tue Apr 10 12:45:34 2007
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Date: Tue, 10 Apr 2007 20:44:48 +0100
From: Darren J Moffat <Darren.Moffat@sun.com>
Subject: Re: 2007/200  Dedicated SMF services for IPsec/IKE
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Mark Fenwick wrote:
>> Having it done in the profile rather than the manifest is actually 
>> "stronger" and will lead to more cases where it is enabled.  For example 
>> if someone does the following you get it enabled:
>>
>> # netservices open
>> # svcadm disable ipsec/policy
>> # netservices limited
>>
>> If you enabled only in the manifest that sequence will leave it 
>> disabled, which I don't believe is the behaviour you are trying to achieve.
> 
> 
> I disagree, this is exactly the behaviour I'm trying to achieve. The reason for delivering  ipsec/policy enabled is provide backwards compatability with S10 and older for those customers who choose to enable IPsec policy by delivering a policy file into /etc/inet and rebooting. I know of one OEM who does this, there are probably more.

Okay if thats the behaviour you want I'm fine with that. I didn't read 
the proposal that way.

-- 
Darren J Moffat

From gww@eng.sun.com Tue Apr 10 19:24:04 2007
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Date: Tue, 10 Apr 2007 19:24:15 -0700 (PDT)
From: Gary Winiger <gww@eng.sun.com>
Subject: Re: 2007/200  Dedicated SMF services for IPsec/IKE
To: Darren.Moffat@sun.com, Mark.Fenwick@sun.com
Cc: PSARC-EXT@sun.com, sommerfeld@sun.com
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Mark wrote in reply to Darren:

> > Network 
> > Security:solaris:cmd:::/usr/lib/inet/in.iked:privs=sys_net_config,net_privaddr
> > Network Security:solaris:cmd:::/usr/sbin/ikeadm:privs=sys_net_config
> > Network Security:solaris:cmd:::/usr/sbin/ikecert:privs=sys_net_config
> > Network Security:solaris:cmd:::/usr/sbin/ipsecalgs:privs=sys_net_config
> > Network Security:solaris:cmd:::/usr/sbin/ipsecconf:privs=sys_net_config
> > Network Security:solaris:cmd:::/usr/sbin/ipseckey:privs=sys_net_config
> > 
> > 
> > Since this case is creating a new IPsec specific RBAC profile it seems 
> > to make sense to move these entries into that new profile as part of 
> > this case, otherwise it is an incomplete profile.
> > 
> 
> This has been done already, I can send the webrev around if you would like to see it.

	Perhaps I'm missing what's being said.  Because the name service
	may be serving systems at different patch levels, moving (removing)
	entries from one profile to another could break existing users
	of the Network Security profile.  Making the Network IPsec Management
	profile self sufficient is fine, or including it in Network Security
	would be fine (presuming that's the policy the project team wishes
	to provide).

Gary..

From Darren.Moffat@Sun.COM Wed Apr 11 08:53:17 2007
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Date: Wed, 11 Apr 2007 16:52:31 +0100
From: Darren J Moffat <Darren.Moffat@Sun.COM>
Subject: Re: 2007/200  Dedicated SMF services for IPsec/IKE
In-reply-to: <200704110224.l3B2OF6H022194@marduk.eng.sun.com>
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Gary Winiger wrote:
> Mark wrote in reply to Darren:
> 
>>> Network 
>>> Security:solaris:cmd:::/usr/lib/inet/in.iked:privs=sys_net_config,net_privaddr
>>> Network Security:solaris:cmd:::/usr/sbin/ikeadm:privs=sys_net_config
>>> Network Security:solaris:cmd:::/usr/sbin/ikecert:privs=sys_net_config
>>> Network Security:solaris:cmd:::/usr/sbin/ipsecalgs:privs=sys_net_config
>>> Network Security:solaris:cmd:::/usr/sbin/ipsecconf:privs=sys_net_config
>>> Network Security:solaris:cmd:::/usr/sbin/ipseckey:privs=sys_net_config
>>>
>>>
>>> Since this case is creating a new IPsec specific RBAC profile it seems 
>>> to make sense to move these entries into that new profile as part of 
>>> this case, otherwise it is an incomplete profile.
>>>
>> This has been done already, I can send the webrev around if you would like to see it.
> 
> 	Perhaps I'm missing what's being said.  Because the name service
> 	may be serving systems at different patch levels, moving (removing)
> 	entries from one profile to another could break existing users
> 	of the Network Security profile.  Making the Network IPsec Management
> 	profile self sufficient is fine, or including it in Network Security
> 	would be fine (presuming that's the policy the project team wishes
> 	to provide).

This case actually implements both of what you suggest.  The 'Network 
IPsec Management' profile becomes self sufficient AND it is included in 
the 'Network Security' profile.

-- 
Darren J Moffat

From sommerfeld@sun.com Wed Apr 11 10:18:37 2007
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Date: Wed, 11 Apr 2007 13:17:48 -0400
From: Bill Sommerfeld <sommerfeld@sun.com>
Subject: Re: 2007/200  Dedicated SMF services for IPsec/IKE
In-reply-to: <1175815478.6761.10.camel@thunk>
To: PSARC-EXT <PSARC-EXT@sun.com>
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This case was approved during today's PSARC meeting.

						- Bill



