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From: Calum Mackay <calum@sac.sfbay.sun.com>
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To: PSARC-record@sac.sfbay.sun.com
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Subject: NFSv4 Mirror-mounts [PSARC/2007/416 FastTrack timeout 07/25/2007]
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Template Version: @(#)sac_nextcase 1.64 07/13/07 SMI
This information is Copyright 2007 Sun Microsystems
1. Introduction
    1.1. Project/Component Working Name:
	 NFSv4 Mirror-mounts
    1.2. Name of Document Author/Supplier:
	 Author:  Calum Mackay
    1.3  Date of This Document:
	17 July, 2007
4. Technical Description
    See the case directory for more detail

6. Resources and Schedule
    6.4. Steering Committee requested information
   	6.4.1. Consolidation C-team Name:
		ON
    6.5. ARC review type: FastTrack
    6.6. ARC Exposure: open


From Calum.Mackay@sun.com Tue Jul 17 14:31:15 2007
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Date: Tue, 17 Jul 2007 22:29:06 +0100
From: Calum Mackay <Calum.Mackay@sun.com>
Subject: 2007/416 NFSv4 Mirror-mounts
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I'm sponsoring the following fast-track for myself.

The case seeks Patch binding, for possible inclusion in an
Update release, and the interfaces described are Committed.

I have set the timer to next Wednesday, 25th July.

cheers,
calum.


			NFSv4 Mirror-mounts

This fast-track describes "mirror-mounts", a part of the NFSv4 protocol
(RFC3530) that was not included in the initial Solaris NFSv4 delivery.

Mirror-mounts enable an NFSv4 client to traverse shared filesystem mount
points in the server's NFSv4 namespace.

The main advantages over the traditional automounter-based approach are
that namespace changes on the server are immediately visible to all
clients, and there is no longer the overhead associated with
administering automount maps.

With mirror-mounts, new shared filesystems will be discovered instantly,
when the client accesses them, and automatically mounted.

Mirror-mounts are purely client-side NFSv4 behaviour, and require no new
functionality, observability, nor control, on the part of the NFSv4 server.


User visibility of mirror-mounted mount points

The sole visible difference between a mirror-mounted NFSv4 filesystem,
and a manual mount, or automount, on the NFS client, is that nfsstat(1M)
"-m" output will include an additional field "mirrormount" to note that
the mount is a mirror-mount.


Automatic unmounting

Mirror-mounted filesystems will be automatically unmounted if idle,
after a certain period of inactivity. The period will be that used by
the automounter for the same purpose, i.e. as set by the
AUTOMOUNT_TIMEOUT property in /etc/default/autofs (proposed to become
the sharectl(1M) "autofs timeout" property, see PSARC 2007/393), and
will not be separately controllable.


Recursive manual hierarchical unmounting

If an NFS filesystem is manually unmounted, then any mirror-mounted
filesystems contained within it will also be unmounted, if idle. If
there is an active mirror-mounted filesystem within, the manual unmount
will fail, as though that original filesystem were busy. A forced
unmount will, however, be propagated through to all enclosed
mirror-mounted filesystems.


Interaction with the automounter

Where there is an existing automount trigger point setup for a
particular server filesystem, it will take precedence over
mirror-mounting, i.e. a mirror-mount will not occur for that filesystem.

If a filesystem boundary is encountered within an automounted
filesystem, a mirror-mount will still occur for it. When the automounter
unmounts the parent filesystem, any mirror-mounted filesystems within it
will also be automatically unmounted, if idle. If there is an active
mirror-mounted filesystem, the automatic unmount will not occur (which
preserves current automount behaviour).


Reference

Mount Point Crossing. NFSv4 Protocol, RFC3530 Section 7.7.
     http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3530.txt


Background - Existing NFSv4 server namespace browsing

     In the absence of any client automount map, the existing NFSv4
server implementation in Solaris still presents the entire server
namespace to the client, i.e server mount-points (in effect) are
visible to the client before the client has mounted them, even if the
server mount-points themselves are on a server filesystem that is not
shared:

     NFSv4-server # share
     -               /dum   rw=pawns   ""
     -               /dee   rw=pawns   ""

     # note that the server does not share "/", yet we may mount it
     NFSv4-client # mount NFSv4-server:/ /mnt
     NFSv4-client # ls -l /mnt
     total 4
     drwxr-xr-x   3 alice    pawns        512 Oct 18 15:01 dee
     drwxr-xr-x  37 root     sys         1024 Oct 18 14:50 dum

     This continues to provide the useful browsing feature, previously
available via the automounter, without imposing the overhead of a mount,
which may be important in the presence of many server filesystems e.g.
when using ZFS.

     Note that the attributes of the filesystems are presented
correctly, even thought the client has not yet mounted them, unlike the
automounter's browse feature.

     However, the contents of the server's filesystems cannot be seen:

     NFSv4-server # ls -al /dee
     total 20
     drwxr-xr-x   3 alice    pawns        512 Oct 18 15:01 .
     drwxr-xr-x  31 root     root        1024 Oct 18 15:01 ..
     drwx------   2 alice    pawns       8192 Oct 18 14:53 lost+found
     -rw-r--r--   1 alice    pawns          0 Oct 18 14:58
this_file_is_in_slash_dee

     NFSv4-client # ls -al /mnt/dee
     total 4
     drwxr-xr-x   3 alice    pawns        512 Oct 18 15:01 .
     drwxr-xr-x  31 root     root        1024 Oct 18 15:01 ..

     The proposed mirror-mount functionality would cause a real NFSv4
mount to occur when the client crosses into the new filesystem by
accessing /mnt/dee.

From sommerfeld@sun.com Tue Jul 17 15:14:03 2007
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Date: Tue, 17 Jul 2007 18:11:32 -0400
From: Bill Sommerfeld <sommerfeld@sun.com>
Subject: Re: 2007/416 NFSv4 Mirror-mounts
In-reply-to: <469D34A2.9090603@sun.com>
To: Calum Mackay <Calum.Mackay@sun.com>
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Is there a server-side change associated with this project or is it
entirely a client-side feature?

On Tue, 2007-07-17 at 22:29 +0100, Calum Mackay wrote:
> Recursive manual hierarchical unmounting
> 
> If an NFS filesystem is manually unmounted, then any mirror-mounted
> filesystems contained within it will also be unmounted, if idle. If
> there is an active mirror-mounted filesystem within, the manual unmount
> will fail, as though that original filesystem were busy. A forced
> unmount will, however, be propagated through to all enclosed
> mirror-mounted filesystems.

this seems odd to me -- is there some reason the unforced unmount can't
always recurse into the enclosed mirror mountpoints?




From Calum.Mackay@Sun.COM Tue Jul 17 17:01:03 2007
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Date: Wed, 18 Jul 2007 00:58:55 +0100
From: Calum Mackay <Calum.Mackay@Sun.COM>
Subject: Re: 2007/416 NFSv4 Mirror-mounts
In-reply-to: <1184710292.26997.22.camel@thunk>
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Bill Sommerfeld wrote:
> Is there a server-side change associated with this project or is it
> entirely a client-side feature?

entirely client-side; apols if that wasn't clear.

I also failed to note that mirror-mounts should work with any vendor's 
NFSv4 server implementation.

>> Recursive manual hierarchical unmounting
>>
>> If an NFS filesystem is manually unmounted, then any mirror-mounted
>> filesystems contained within it will also be unmounted, if idle. If
>> there is an active mirror-mounted filesystem within, the manual unmount
>> will fail, as though that original filesystem were busy. A forced
>> unmount will, however, be propagated through to all enclosed
>> mirror-mounted filesystems.
> 
> this seems odd to me -- is there some reason the unforced unmount can't
> always recurse into the enclosed mirror mountpoints?

but if they're active - busy - then we shouldn't allow them to be 
unmounted, surely? Just as if the enclosing mount were busy, we would 
fail that unmount.

or am I missing your point, Bill?

cheers,
c.

From sommerfeld@sun.com Tue Jul 17 19:03:15 2007
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Date: Tue, 17 Jul 2007 22:01:10 -0400
From: Bill Sommerfeld <sommerfeld@sun.com>
Subject: Re: 2007/416 NFSv4 Mirror-mounts
In-reply-to: <469D57BF.80007@sun.com>
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On Wed, 2007-07-18 at 00:58 +0100, Calum Mackay wrote:
> Bill Sommerfeld wrote:
> > Is there a server-side change associated with this project or is it
> > entirely a client-side feature?
> 
> entirely client-side; apols if that wasn't clear.

> I also failed to note that mirror-mounts should work with any vendor's 
> NFSv4 server implementation.

thanks for the clarification.

> >> Recursive manual hierarchical unmounting
> >>
> >> If an NFS filesystem is manually unmounted, then any mirror-mounted
> >> filesystems contained within it will also be unmounted, if idle. If
> >> there is an active mirror-mounted filesystem within, the manual unmount
> >> will fail, as though that original filesystem were busy. A forced
> >> unmount will, however, be propagated through to all enclosed
> >> mirror-mounted filesystems.
> > 
> > this seems odd to me -- is there some reason the unforced unmount can't
> > always recurse into the enclosed mirror mountpoints?
> 
> but if they're active - busy - then we shouldn't allow them to be 
> unmounted, surely? Just as if the enclosing mount were busy, we would 
> fail that unmount.
> 
> or am I missing your point, Bill?

No, I missed yours -- I managed to completely miss the second half of
the first sentence of the paragraph I quoted and skipped ahead to the
second sentence. 

now that i actually read it correctly, the behavior appears to be what
I'm expecting.  

						- Bill





From Nicolas.Williams@sun.com Wed Jul 18 08:29:30 2007
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Date: Wed, 18 Jul 2007 10:27:21 -0500
From: Nicolas Williams <Nicolas.Williams@sun.com>
Subject: Re: 2007/416 NFSv4 Mirror-mounts
In-reply-to: <469D34A2.9090603@sun.com>
To: Calum Mackay <Calum.Mackay@sun.com>
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On Tue, Jul 17, 2007 at 10:29:06PM +0100, Calum Mackay wrote:
> Interaction with the automounter
> 
> Where there is an existing automount trigger point setup for a
> particular server filesystem, it will take precedence over
> mirror-mounting, i.e. a mirror-mount will not occur for that filesystem.

So, no mirror mounts in /net?!  Please say it ain't so :(

The current /net -hosts automount map depends on the MOUNT protocol to
get hierarchical mount information and does honor hierarchical mounts,
but it does not refresh this ever, which is a big problem when the
server uses ZFS (and therefore likes to make/destroy datasets willy
nilly).  Mirror mounts would clearly solve this problem.

Nico
-- 

From Thomas.Haynes@sun.com Wed Jul 18 08:36:41 2007
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Date: Wed, 18 Jul 2007 10:32:28 -0500
From: Tom Haynes <Thomas.Haynes@sun.com>
Subject: Re: 2007/416 NFSv4 Mirror-mounts
In-reply-to: <20070718152720.GC24645@Sun.COM>
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Nicolas Williams wrote:
> On Tue, Jul 17, 2007 at 10:29:06PM +0100, Calum Mackay wrote:
>   
>> Interaction with the automounter
>>
>> Where there is an existing automount trigger point setup for a
>> particular server filesystem, it will take precedence over
>> mirror-mounting, i.e. a mirror-mount will not occur for that filesystem.
>>     
>
> So, no mirror mounts in /net?!  Please say it ain't so :(
>
> The current /net -hosts automount map depends on the MOUNT protocol to
> get hierarchical mount information and does honor hierarchical mounts,
> but it does not refresh this ever, which is a big problem when the
> server uses ZFS (and therefore likes to make/destroy datasets willy
> nilly).  Mirror mounts would clearly solve this problem.
>
> Nico
>   


It ain't so.

I think the intent here is that if you have a choice over an automount 
or a mirror mount, we take the
automount.

But if there is no automount entry and there is a chance to mirror 
mount, then we will of course
mirror mount.

Assume that a server has a zfs pool called tank and it is serving up 
home dirs.

So:

cd /net/server

No mirror mounts have occurred.

No:

cd tank

Okay, this will cause a mirror mount to occur. And as we dive down 
farther, more will occur.


From Nicolas.Williams@Sun.COM Wed Jul 18 08:50:20 2007
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Date: Wed, 18 Jul 2007 10:48:13 -0500
From: Nicolas Williams <Nicolas.Williams@Sun.COM>
Subject: Re: 2007/416 NFSv4 Mirror-mounts
In-reply-to: <469E328C.7080301@sun.com>
To: Tom Haynes <Thomas.Haynes@Sun.COM>
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On Wed, Jul 18, 2007 at 10:32:28AM -0500, Tom Haynes wrote:
> Nicolas Williams wrote:
> >So, no mirror mounts in /net?!  Please say it ain't so :(
> 
> It ain't so.

Excellent, thanks.

> I think the intent here is that if you have a choice over an automount 
> or a mirror mount, we take the
> automount.
> 
> But if there is no automount entry and there is a chance to mirror 
> mount, then we will of course
> mirror mount.

So what was intended is that where there are _explicit_ automount
entries they override mirror mounts.  The -hosts automount map lacks
explicit entries, therefore for NFSv4 mounts mirror mounts always
supercede the v3-centric MOUNT protocol-driven scheme.

One more question, suppose I have an entry like:

foo / someserver:/pool/foo /bar someserver:/tank/bar

and there are further server-side mounts on /pool/foo/baz and
/tank/bar/abc, THEN by the principle of least surprise I'd expect:

 - the automount entry is authoritative for the <autofs path>/foo/bar
   mount-point (hiding whatever is actually in /pool/foo/bar on the
   server),

but

 - mirror mounts are still performed for <autofs path>/foo/baz and
   <autofs path>/foo/bar/abc

Is it so?

Nico
-- 

From Thomas.Haynes@sun.com Wed Jul 18 13:48:53 2007
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Date: Wed, 18 Jul 2007 15:44:10 -0500
From: Tom Haynes <Thomas.Haynes@sun.com>
Subject: Re: 2007/416 NFSv4 Mirror-mounts
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Tom Haynes wrote:
> Nicolas Williams wrote:
>> On Tue, Jul 17, 2007 at 10:29:06PM +0100, Calum Mackay wrote:
>>  
>>> Interaction with the automounter
>>>
>>> Where there is an existing automount trigger point setup for a
>>> particular server filesystem, it will take precedence over
>>> mirror-mounting, i.e. a mirror-mount will not occur for that 
>>> filesystem.
>>>     
>>
>> So, no mirror mounts in /net?!  Please say it ain't so :(
>>
>> The current /net -hosts automount map depends on the MOUNT protocol to
>> get hierarchical mount information and does honor hierarchical mounts,
>> but it does not refresh this ever, which is a big problem when the
>> server uses ZFS (and therefore likes to make/destroy datasets willy
>> nilly).  Mirror mounts would clearly solve this problem.
>>
>> Nico
>>   
>
>
> It ain't so.
>
> I think the intent here is that if you have a choice over an automount 
> or a mirror mount, we take the
> automount.
>
> But if there is no automount entry and there is a chance to mirror 
> mount, then we will of course
> mirror mount.
>
> Assume that a server has a zfs pool called tank and it is serving up 
> home dirs.
>
> So:
>
> cd /net/server
>
> No mirror mounts have occurred.
>
> No:
>
> cd tank
>
> Okay, this will cause a mirror mount to occur. And as we dive down 
> farther, more will occur.
>
>

I was wrong here. In this case, tank already exists and would thus have 
been gotten from the
MOUNT protocol doing a scan.

I was looking at the non-/net case.

In re-reading your email Nico, I see what you are really concerned with 
is the following scenario:

mount server:/ /mnt
cd /mnt
ls -la
...
.... tank
...
cd tank
ls -la
...
...
...

At which point those ZFS filesystems have been read in (actually occured 
way before this, right?).

And now if we go to the server and create a new zfs filesystem in tank, 
will a mirrormount occur?

I'm going to have to run this test and see what happens. I'll get back 
with that information.



From Nicolas.Williams@sun.com Wed Jul 18 14:04:55 2007
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Date: Wed, 18 Jul 2007 16:02:48 -0500
From: Nicolas Williams <Nicolas.Williams@sun.com>
Subject: Re: 2007/416 NFSv4 Mirror-mounts
In-reply-to: <469E7B9A.6030402@sun.com>
To: Tom Haynes <Thomas.Haynes@sun.com>
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On Wed, Jul 18, 2007 at 03:44:10PM -0500, Tom Haynes wrote:
> I was wrong here. In this case, tank already exists and would thus have 
> been gotten from the
> MOUNT protocol doing a scan.
> 
> I was looking at the non-/net case.
> 
> In re-reading your email Nico, I see what you are really concerned with 
> is the following scenario:

Basically, what I want is for automountd to ignore or even, and
preferably, not to attempt to use the MOUNT protocol when NFSv4 would
be used for a given -hosts map mount.

Additionally and _separately_, I think mirror mounts should always work
when: a) NFSv4 is used (of course), and b) there is no automount entry
that would conflict, and therefore, override a server-side mountpoint.

To sum up all of the above in one nice package:

    Automount entries override server-side mount-points in the same
    locations in the fs hierarchy, and ONLY such server-side
    mount-points.

Nico
-- 

From Calum.Mackay@sun.com Wed Jul 18 16:35:09 2007
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Date: Thu, 19 Jul 2007 00:33:02 +0100
From: Calum Mackay <Calum.Mackay@sun.com>
Subject: Re: 2007/416 NFSv4 Mirror-mounts
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thanks much for the comments Nico.

The NFSv4 namespace work that has been considered can be split into
several areas:

o Mirror-mounts

o Referrals

o Replication & Migration

o Automount refactoring to not use MOUNT for NFSv4

This case is about enabling mirror-mounts. Whilst the automount
refactoring is useful work, I feel that it's a separate case. In 
addition, the Referrals work proposed also requires automounter 
refactoring, and if the automount/MOUNT work were to be bundled in with 
something, it would make more sense for it to be with Referrals.

With the proposed functionality, for mirror-mounts to be available
requires at least one NFSv4 filesystem to already be mounted, either
manually, or via the automounter.

Once that first v4 mount has occurred, mirror-mounts will be possible
from that point down.

Some examples:

Assume the server shares these separate filesystems:

     /export
     /export/sparc
     /export/x86

and also has a set of ZFS filesystems under /tank, all separately
shared (but /tank itself perhaps not explicitly shared).

If the client were to manually v4 mount:

<server>:/
mirror-mounts would show and provide access to everything

<server>:/export
mirror-mounts would show and provide access to everything under /export

<server>:/tank
mirror-mounts would show and provide access to everything under /tank

If automounter maps were setup to mount the same directories, the same
behaviour would apply. Regular v4 mounts would be used for these
directories themselves, and mirror-mounts would then be available to
show and provide access to everything under them.

Any new ZFS filesystems created (and shared) under /tank would become 
immediately visible, and accessible, via mirror-mounts.

Regarding /net: because the automounter retrieves the entire export list
from the server, using the MOUNT protocol, and then populates /net with
autofs trigger points for all of them, mirror-mounts do not get a chance
(because we don't override an autofs trigger point).

From Calum.Mackay@sun.com Wed Jul 18 16:36:44 2007
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Date: Thu, 19 Jul 2007 00:34:36 +0100
From: Calum Mackay <Calum.Mackay@sun.com>
Subject: Re: 2007/416 NFSv4 Mirror-mounts
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This case was approved at today's PSARC meeting.

cheers,
calum.

