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Date: Wed, 10 Oct 2007 20:49:38 -0700 (PDT)
From: Cynthia McGuire <cindi@sac.sfbay.sun.com>
Subject: Generic x86 Machine Check Architecture FMA [PSARC/2007/591 Self Review]
To: PSARC-ext@Sun.COM
Cc: fma-core@Sun.COM
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I am sponsoring this case on behalf of Gavin Maltby.  This case seeks patch
binding, with the generic MCA FMA support it delivers targeting a Solaris
update release.  The case straightforwardly extends PSARC/2006/020 and
PSARC/2006/564 and adds FMA fault and ereport events suitable for generation
and consumption on all x86 platforms.

Cindi

This information is Copyright 2007 Sun Microsystems
1. Introduction
    1.1. Project/Component Working Name:
	 Generic x86 Machine Check Architecture FMA
    1.2. Name of Document Author/Supplier:
	 Author:  Gavin Maltby
    1.3  Date of This Document:
	10 October, 2007
4. Technical Description

4.1. Project Summary
   4.1.1 Project Description:

	CPU, and in some cases memory, error report telemetry falls
	under the Machine Check Architecture which all recent AMD and
	Intel x86 chip offerings conform to.  Existing FMA support for x86
	chips is limited to AMD family 0xf alone - Opteron/Athlon64/Turion64
	revisions B to F that have shipped in Sun x64 systems to date.
	In expanding this support to include the upcoming AMD family 0x10
	and new Sun Intel-based x64 products we have implemented a generic
	machine check architecture FMA implementation that supports all
	chips that support the MCA, and have layered the existing AMD
	support and additional model-specific support on top of that.
	This case presents the new FMA events that are defined for the
	new generic MCA implementation, and modifies the definitions
	of existing AMD events.  The associated FMA portfolio referenced
	below has already been approved at FMA portfolio review.

    4.1.2 Details:

	The existing implementation for AMD family 0xf delivered
	a "cpu module" cpu.AuthenticAMD.15 which contains all the smarts
	for error handling, error classification, error logging etc.
	The telemetry arising from this module is consumed by the
	eversholt diagnosis engine, applying a set of AMD-specific rules.
	For any other chip type (i.e., not AMD family 0xf) a dumb
	cpu.generic module provided token support for machine check traps,
	and raises no telemetry for diagnosis.

	In the new implementation most of the existing AMD code is
	refactored into an improved and fully FMA-aware cpu.generic.
	Model-specific aspects such as the more-detailed error classification
	possible with AMD chips (i.e., classification beyond what is
	considered "architectural" in the generic MCA) is performed
	in a relatively lightweight "model-specific cpu module" that is
	layered on top of cpu.generic.  The following model-specific
	modules will be delivered:

	Module			Description
	----------------------- ---------------------------------------
	cpu_ms.AuthenticAMD.15	AMD family 0xf model-specific support
	cpu_ms.AuthenticAMD	"Generic AMD" model-specific support
	cpu_ms.GenuineIntel	"Generic Intel" model-specific support

	The following support combinations are possible:

	a) cpu.generic absent

		Ereport classes: None
		Fault classes:

		The system will have zero MCA capability and no FMA event
		will be raised for cpu or memory.

	b) cpu.generic with no model-specific module

		Ereport classes: ereport.cpu.generic-x86.*
		Fault classes:   fault.cpu.generic-x86.*

		This applies on chips that are not from AMD or Intel.  It also
		applies if no AMD or Intel model-specific support initializes,
		which could occur on an error or on disabling and would
		also occur for new chip families from AMD and Intel that
		not even the "generic AMD" and "generic Intel" model-specific
		modules are able to claim support for.

		Telemetry will be raised entirely by cpu.generic in the
		ereport.cpu.generic-x86.* ereport class, with no model-specific
		augmentation.  It will be diagnosed by a corresponding set
		of eversholt rules to produce faults in the class
		fault.cpu.generic-x86.*.

	c) cpu.generic with cpu_ms.AuthenticAMD.15

		Ereport classes: ereport.cpu.amd.*
		Fault classes:   fault.cpu.amd.*, fault.memory.*

		This applies to AMD family 0xf systems, i.e. it is the
		combination that replaces cpu.AuthenticAMD.15 that
		is the only current Solaris MCA support for x86 systems

		To maintain compatibility, this combination will produce
		ereports in the precisely the same classes as before -
		ereport.cpu.amd.*, and the existing AMD eversholt rules
		will diagnose these to fault.cpu.amd.* and fault.memory.amd.*.
		This is achieved by cpu.generic allowing model-specific
		support to classify the error and provide the ereport class
		to use.  The ereport payload *is* changed since most of it
		is now generated by cpu.generic with only a limited degree
		of augmentation from the model-specific support;  this change
		is limited to the renaming of a number of ereport payload
		members, and the addition of a number of new members.  The
		few AMD diagnosis rules that access payload members are
		changed to use the new names.  In the events defintions,
		existing AMD ereports are retained as payload version 0
		while the revised (renamed, extended) payload is introduced
		as payload version 1.

	d) cpu.generic with cpu_ms.AuthenticAMD

		Ereport classes: ereport.cpu.generic-x86.*
		Fault classes:   fault.cpu.generic-x86.*,
			         fault.memory.generic-x86.*

		This will apply on AMD systems where no more-specific
		model-specific support exists or initializes;  this
		will include AMD family 0x10 systems.

		Most telemetry is provided entirely by cpu.generic.
		Since these AMD systems include an on-chip memory-controller
		which falls under the MCA umbrella we can also
		recognise and diagnose memory errors, and this is
		done in the model-specific module.

	e) cpu.generic with cpu_ms.GenuineIntel

		Ereport classes: ereport.cpu.intel.*
		Fault classes:   fault.cpu.intel.*,

	This case presents the FMA events for a) - d).  A separate
	case will present the events for e) along with additional
	Intel memory-controller-hub events.

	The accompanying erecheck.html details all changes to the
	SMI Events Registry.

	The associated FMA portfolio is here:

	http://wikihome.sfbay.sun.com/fma-portfolio/Wiki.jsp?page=2007.025.x86MCA

	The portfolio includes full philosophy and diagnosis documents.

    4.5. Interfaces:

	The "cpu module interface" was introduced by the AMD FMA work.
	It is a project-private interface.  The current work substantially
	revises this interface and, in particular, prepares it to work
	in the presence of a hypervisor such as Solaris xVM (changing it
	from a "cpu_t interface" to a "chip/core/strand interface".
	The interface remains project-private.
    
    4.9. I18N/L10N Impact:

	A new FMA dictionary and .po/.mo "GMCA" are delivered.
	
5. Reference Documents:

PSARC/2006/564 FMA for Athlon 64 and Opteron Rev F/G Processors
PSARC/2006/020 FMA for Athlon 64 and Opteron Processors

6. Resources and Schedule
    6.4. Steering Committee requested information
   	6.4.1. Consolidation C-team Name:
		ON
    6.5. ARC review type: Automatic
    6.6. ARC Exposure: open


From carlsonj@phorcys.east.sun.com Thu Oct 11 04:46:55 2007
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Date: Thu, 11 Oct 2007 07:43:20 -0400
From: James Carlson <james.d.carlson@Sun.Com>
Subject: Re: Generic x86 Machine Check Architecture FMA [PSARC/2007/591 Self
 Review]
In-reply-to: <200710110349.l9B3ncGN005380@sac.sfbay.sun.com>
To: Cynthia McGuire <cindi@sac.sfbay.sun.com>
Cc: PSARC-ext@Sun.Com, fma-core@Sun.Com
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Cynthia McGuire writes:
> I am sponsoring this case on behalf of Gavin Maltby.  This case seeks patch
> binding, with the generic MCA FMA support it delivers targeting a Solaris
> update release.  The case straightforwardly extends PSARC/2006/020 and
> PSARC/2006/564 and adds FMA fault and ereport events suitable for generation
> and consumption on all x86 platforms.
[...]
> 	cpu_ms.AuthenticAMD.15	AMD family 0xf model-specific support
> 	cpu_ms.AuthenticAMD	"Generic AMD" model-specific support
[...]
> 	d) cpu.generic with cpu_ms.AuthenticAMD
[...]
> 		This will apply on AMD systems where no more-specific
> 		model-specific support exists or initializes;  this
> 		will include AMD family 0x10 systems.

Why is no cpu_ms.AuthenticAMD.16 needed?

Is the 0x10 family MCA a subset of the 0xf family?  Or are there
future projects in this area?

-- 
James Carlson, Solaris Networking              <james.d.carlson@sun.com>
Sun Microsystems / 35 Network Drive        71.232W   Vox +1 781 442 2084
MS UBUR02-212 / Burlington MA 01803-2757   42.496N   Fax +1 781 442 1677

From Gavin.Maltby@sun.com Thu Oct 11 08:47:16 2007
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Date: Thu, 11 Oct 2007 16:43:48 +0100
From: Gavin Maltby <Gavin.Maltby@sun.com>
Subject: Re: Generic x86 Machine Check Architecture FMA [PSARC/2007/591 Self
 Review]
In-reply-to: <18190.3160.396997.855190@gargle.gargle.HOWL>
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To: James Carlson <James.D.Carlson@sun.com>
Cc: Cynthia McGuire <cindi@sac.sfbay.sun.com>, PSARC-ext@sun.com,
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Hi,

James Carlson wrote:
> Cynthia McGuire writes:
>> I am sponsoring this case on behalf of Gavin Maltby.  This case seeks patch
>> binding, with the generic MCA FMA support it delivers targeting a Solaris
>> update release.  The case straightforwardly extends PSARC/2006/020 and
>> PSARC/2006/564 and adds FMA fault and ereport events suitable for generation
>> and consumption on all x86 platforms.
> [...]
>> 	cpu_ms.AuthenticAMD.15	AMD family 0xf model-specific support
>> 	cpu_ms.AuthenticAMD	"Generic AMD" model-specific support
> [...]
>> 	d) cpu.generic with cpu_ms.AuthenticAMD
> [...]
>> 		This will apply on AMD systems where no more-specific
>> 		model-specific support exists or initializes;  this
>> 		will include AMD family 0x10 systems.
> 
> Why is no cpu_ms.AuthenticAMD.16 needed?

AMD family 0x10 will use cpu.generic + cpu_ms.AuthenticAMD to begin with.
This actually gives equivalent levels of cpu fault diagnosis to the
all-singing-and-dancing family 0xf model-specific support; all that
is absent is the fine-grained error classification (eg instead of
"correctable level 1 I-cache error" which the generic MCA would
give us we could offer "correctable level 1 I-cache erroring
during a load from L2").

In time we may deliver cpu_ms.AuthenticAMD.16, or extend
cpu_ms.AuthenticAMD to be more widely generic.  The latter is
our preferred approach.  The more pressing need for family 0x10
is to deliver a memory-controller driver akin to what mc-amd
does for family 0xf - full topology discovery and physical
address to resource resolution - we'll be resourcing that first.

Cheers

Gavin

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From carlsonj@phorcys.east.sun.com Thu Oct 11 08:54:35 2007
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Date: Thu, 11 Oct 2007 11:50:55 -0400
From: James Carlson <james.d.carlson@sun.com>
Subject: Re: Generic x86 Machine Check Architecture FMA [PSARC/2007/591 Self
	Review]
In-reply-to: <470E44B4.5070808@sun.com>
To: Gavin Maltby <Gavin.Maltby@sun.com>
Cc: PSARC-ext@sun.com, Cynthia McGuire <cindi@sac.sfbay.sun.com>,
        fma-core@sun.com
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Gavin Maltby writes:
> AMD family 0x10 will use cpu.generic + cpu_ms.AuthenticAMD to begin with.
> This actually gives equivalent levels of cpu fault diagnosis to the
> all-singing-and-dancing family 0xf model-specific support; all that
> is absent is the fine-grained error classification (eg instead of
> "correctable level 1 I-cache error" which the generic MCA would
> give us we could offer "correctable level 1 I-cache erroring
> during a load from L2").

OK; thanks.

> In time we may deliver cpu_ms.AuthenticAMD.16, or extend
> cpu_ms.AuthenticAMD to be more widely generic.  The latter is
> our preferred approach.  The more pressing need for family 0x10
> is to deliver a memory-controller driver akin to what mc-amd
> does for family 0xf - full topology discovery and physical
> address to resource resolution - we'll be resourcing that first.

So we expect things to peel off into a ".16" version only when those
errors become not-generic, which might not be noticable until there's
a "0x11" family ... right?

-- 
James Carlson, Solaris Networking              <james.d.carlson@sun.com>
Sun Microsystems / 35 Network Drive        71.232W   Vox +1 781 442 2084
MS UBUR02-212 / Burlington MA 01803-2757   42.496N   Fax +1 781 442 1677

From Gavin.Maltby@Sun.COM Thu Oct 11 15:04:37 2007
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Date: Thu, 11 Oct 2007 22:58:06 +0100
From: Gavin Maltby <Gavin.Maltby@Sun.COM>
Subject: Re: Generic x86 Machine Check Architecture FMA [PSARC/2007/591 Self
 Review]
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--------------ms090805010702060501030309
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On 10/11/07 16:50, James Carlson wrote:
> Gavin Maltby writes:
>> AMD family 0x10 will use cpu.generic + cpu_ms.AuthenticAMD to begin with.
>> This actually gives equivalent levels of cpu fault diagnosis to the
>> all-singing-and-dancing family 0xf model-specific support; all that
>> is absent is the fine-grained error classification (eg instead of
>> "correctable level 1 I-cache error" which the generic MCA would
>> give us we could offer "correctable level 1 I-cache erroring
>> during a load from L2").
> 
> OK; thanks.
> 
>> In time we may deliver cpu_ms.AuthenticAMD.16, or extend
>> cpu_ms.AuthenticAMD to be more widely generic.  The latter is
>> our preferred approach.  The more pressing need for family 0x10
>> is to deliver a memory-controller driver akin to what mc-amd
>> does for family 0xf - full topology discovery and physical
>> address to resource resolution - we'll be resourcing that first.
> 
> So we expect things to peel off into a ".16" version only when those
> errors become not-generic, which might not be noticable until there's
> a "0x11" family ... right?
> 

Correct.  The intention is to have cpu_ms.AuthenticAMD support new
AMD models for as long as it can.  Right now there is no code
sharing between model-specific modules, not even between
cpu_ms.AuthenticAMD.15 and cpu_ms.AuthenticAMD, so spinning
off a new cpu_ms.AuthenticAMD.16 involves a fresh start and
an initial exercise in identifying and factoring out common
functionality.  My expectation is that the generic AMD module
will be sufficient to handle CPU errors for some time, but
we will need detailed model-specific memory-controller
driver support.

Gavin

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Date: Fri, 12 Oct 2007 08:32:56 -0400
From: James Carlson <james.d.carlson@sun.com>
Subject: Re: Generic x86 Machine Check Architecture FMA [PSARC/2007/591 Self
 Review]
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To: Gavin Maltby <Gavin.Maltby@sun.com>
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Gavin Maltby writes:
> Correct.  The intention is to have cpu_ms.AuthenticAMD support new
> AMD models for as long as it can.  Right now there is no code
> sharing between model-specific modules, not even between
> cpu_ms.AuthenticAMD.15 and cpu_ms.AuthenticAMD, so spinning
> off a new cpu_ms.AuthenticAMD.16 involves a fresh start and
> an initial exercise in identifying and factoring out common
> functionality.  My expectation is that the generic AMD module
> will be sufficient to handle CPU errors for some time, but
> we will need detailed model-specific memory-controller
> driver support.

OK; thanks.  That's what I wanted.

(In case you're curious, I was checking to see what we might need to
tell future project teams if someone else were to do the work.)

-- 
James Carlson, Solaris Networking              <james.d.carlson@sun.com>
Sun Microsystems / 35 Network Drive        71.232W   Vox +1 781 442 2084
MS UBUR02-212 / Burlington MA 01803-2757   42.496N   Fax +1 781 442 1677

