From gww@sac.sfbay.sun.com Tue Aug 12 17:22:22 2008
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Date: Tue, 12 Aug 2008 17:22:15 -0700 (PDT)
From: Gary Winiger <gww@sac.sfbay.sun.com>
Subject: Virtual Console Update [PSARC/2008/515 FastTrack timeout 08/19/2008]
To: psarc-ext@sun.com
Cc: Aaron.Zang@sun.com, console-core@sun.com
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I'm sponsoring this fast track for Aaron Zang and the Virtual Console team.
This case proposes to eliminate the vtdaemon "rootunlock" property of
PSARC/2006/591, Virtual Console.  The Virtual Console project has not
delivered into any version of OpenSolaris or Solaris so this case
introduces no incompatibilities.  This case proposes no change to the
original approved Release Binding of patch/micro.

The timer is set for 19 Aug, 2008.

Gary..
=============================================================================
Background
==========
PSARC/2006/591 proposed the virtual console feature for Solaris.
The SMF service, svc:/system/vtdaemon:default, provides a secure
switch function between different text virtual consoles.

The vtdaemon service proposed a "rootunlock" property.  When the value of
"rootunlock" was "true", vtdaemon allowed unlocking text virtual consoles
using the root user's password instead of the locking user's password.

Update
======
The intention of the "rootunlock" property was to deal with a potential
DoS (denial of service) attack, i.e., a user could log on to all available
and switch away, thus all these text virtual consoles would be locked.

The project team now considers the "rootunlock" property as unnecessary
because:

    1) Neither xlock nor xscreensaver have such an unlocking feature.

    2) As all the virtual consoles are local, the access to virtual
       consoles is controlled by physical access.  The "rootunlock"
       property is seen somewhat paranoid.  It can also lead to
       incorrect attribution of actions to the locking user by
       another user.
    
    3) A user with physical access to the console can cause other
       disruptive action.

The project team proposes to eliminate the "rootunlock" property.

From Alan.Coopersmith@sun.com Tue Aug 12 17:49:50 2008
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Date: Tue, 12 Aug 2008 17:49:43 -0700
From: Alan Coopersmith <Alan.Coopersmith@sun.com>
Subject: Re: Virtual Console Update [PSARC/2008/515 FastTrack timeout
 08/19/2008]
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Gary Winiger wrote:
> The vtdaemon service proposed a "rootunlock" property.  When the value of
> "rootunlock" was "true", vtdaemon allowed unlocking text virtual consoles
> using the root user's password instead of the locking user's password.
> 
> The project team now considers the "rootunlock" property as unnecessary
> because:
> 
>     1) Neither xlock nor xscreensaver have such an unlocking feature.

I don't understand this claim - xlock, xscreensaver & CDE lockscreen all have
a feature to allow unlocking the screen with the root password instead of the
locking's users password, mostly because our customers demanded it be there.
(Whether it's on or off by default differs by OS rev & program, but they
 all have it - see "-allowroot" in xlock(1), "Dtsession*keys" in dtsession(1),
 and the allowRoot xscreensaver resource defined in LSARC 2006/446 which
 we apparently forgot to document in the man page.)

-- 
	-Alan Coopersmith-           alan.coopersmith@sun.com
	 Sun Microsystems, Inc. - X Window System Engineering


From Aaron.Zang@sun.com Tue Aug 12 18:10:03 2008
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Date: Wed, 13 Aug 2008 09:08:23 +0800
From: Aaron Zang <Aaron.Zang@sun.com>
Subject: Re: Virtual Console Update [PSARC/2008/515 FastTrack timeout
 08/19/2008]
In-reply-to: <48A22FA7.2090703@sun.com>
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Alan Coopersmith wrote:
> Gary Winiger wrote:
>> The vtdaemon service proposed a "rootunlock" property.  When the value of
>> "rootunlock" was "true", vtdaemon allowed unlocking text virtual consoles
>> using the root user's password instead of the locking user's password.
>>
>> The project team now considers the "rootunlock" property as unnecessary
>> because:
>>
>>     1) Neither xlock nor xscreensaver have such an unlocking feature.
> 
> I don't understand this claim - xlock, xscreensaver & CDE lockscreen all have
> a feature to allow unlocking the screen with the root password instead of the
> locking's users password, mostly because our customers demanded it be there.
> (Whether it's on or off by default differs by OS rev & program, but they
>  all have it - see "-allowroot" in xlock(1), "Dtsession*keys" in dtsession(1),
>  and the allowRoot xscreensaver resource defined in LSARC 2006/446 which
>  we apparently forgot to document in the man page.)
> 

Yes, these locks all have code supporting root unlock, and there are macros
functioning as switches to turn the feature on and off during compilation.
Current Solaris releases always turn off the switches (without compiling this
feature in). That what we really mean.
And the root unlock feature of these locks was turned on in early Nevada build,
but has been turned off nowadays, I think that is a sign of the trend -- no root
unlock.

-- aaron


-- 
You know some birds are not meant to be caged, their feathers are just too bright.

From gww@eng.sun.com Tue Aug 12 18:10:47 2008
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Date: Tue, 12 Aug 2008 18:07:20 -0700 (PDT)
From: Gary Winiger <gww@eng.sun.com>
Subject: Re: Virtual Console Update [PSARC/2008/515 FastTrack timeout
 08/19/2008]
To: gww@sac.sfbay.sun.com, Alan.Coopersmith@sun.com
Cc: psarc-ext@sun.com, Aaron.Zang@sun.com, console-core@sun.com
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Alan,

> >     1) Neither xlock nor xscreensaver have such an unlocking feature.
> 
> I don't understand this claim - xlock, xscreensaver & CDE lockscreen all have
> a feature to allow unlocking the screen with the root password instead of the
> locking's users password, mostly because our customers demanded it be there.
> (Whether it's on or off by default differs by OS rev & program, but they
>  all have it - see "-allowroot" in xlock(1), "Dtsession*keys" in dtsession(1),
>  and the allowRoot xscreensaver resource defined in LSARC 2006/446 which
>  we apparently forgot to document in the man page.)

	I asked both you an Mahmood in the last 6 months about
	xlock and xscreensaver.  Perhaps I asked the wrong question.
	Perhaps I misunderstood the answer.

	Yes, by default dtsession (which is being left behind along with
	the rest of CDE ;-(, implements and enables root unlock by default.

Gary..
	

From Aaron.Zang@sun.com Tue Aug 12 18:29:31 2008
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Date: Wed, 13 Aug 2008 09:27:47 +0800
From: Aaron Zang <Aaron.Zang@sun.com>
Subject: Re: Virtual Console Update [PSARC/2008/515 FastTrack timeout
 08/19/2008]
In-reply-to: <200808130107.m7D17KBJ008557@marduk.eng.sun.com>
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Gary Winiger wrote:
> Alan,
> 
>>>     1) Neither xlock nor xscreensaver have such an unlocking feature.
>> I don't understand this claim - xlock, xscreensaver & CDE lockscreen all have
>> a feature to allow unlocking the screen with the root password instead of the
>> locking's users password, mostly because our customers demanded it be there.
>> (Whether it's on or off by default differs by OS rev & program, but they
>>  all have it - see "-allowroot" in xlock(1), "Dtsession*keys" in dtsession(1),
>>  and the allowRoot xscreensaver resource defined in LSARC 2006/446 which
>>  we apparently forgot to document in the man page.)
> 
> 	I asked both you an Mahmood in the last 6 months about
> 	xlock and xscreensaver.  Perhaps I asked the wrong question.
> 	Perhaps I misunderstood the answer.
> 
> 	Yes, by default dtsession (which is being left behind along with
> 	the rest of CDE ;-(, implements and enables root unlock by default.
> 

Do we need to care about CDE lockscreen? I am running snv_93, even dtlogin has
no CDE option in login session selection. OpenSolaris certainly does not use
CDE. It may be because Sun is phasing out CDE.

-- aaron

-- 
You know some birds are not meant to be caged, their feathers are just too bright.

From gww@eng.sun.com Tue Aug 12 18:33:17 2008
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Date: Tue, 12 Aug 2008 18:29:49 -0700 (PDT)
From: Gary Winiger <gww@eng.sun.com>
Subject: Re: Virtual Console Update [PSARC/2008/515 FastTrack timeout
 08/19/2008]
To: gww@eng.sun.com, Aaron.Zang@sun.com
Cc: gww@sac.sfbay.sun.com, Alan.Coopersmith@sun.com, psarc-ext@sun.com,
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]> > 	Yes, by default dtsession (which is being left behind along with
> > 	the rest of CDE ;-(, implements and enables root unlock by default.
> > 
> 
> Do we need to care about CDE lockscreen? I am running snv_93, even dtlogin has
> no CDE option in login session selection. OpenSolaris certainly does not use
> CDE. It may be because Sun is phasing out CDE.

	IMO, no, that's what I meant by "which is being left behind along"
	ABICT, CDE will only be part of S10.

Gary..

From Nicolas.Williams@sun.com Tue Aug 12 21:10:11 2008
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Date: Tue, 12 Aug 2008 23:10:05 -0500
From: Nicolas Williams <Nicolas.Williams@sun.com>
Subject: Re: Virtual Console Update [PSARC/2008/515 FastTrack timeout
 08/19/2008]
In-reply-to: <200808130022.m7D0MFCS007076@sac.sfbay.sun.com>
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On Tue, Aug 12, 2008 at 05:22:15PM -0700, Gary Winiger wrote:
> The project team now considers the "rootunlock" property as unnecessary
> because:

Hmmm, and what if root has no password?

From Aaron.Zang@sun.com Tue Aug 12 21:53:31 2008
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Date: Wed, 13 Aug 2008 12:51:52 +0800
From: Aaron Zang <Aaron.Zang@sun.com>
Subject: Re: Virtual Console Update [PSARC/2008/515 FastTrack timeout
 08/19/2008]
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Nicolas Williams wrote:
> On Tue, Aug 12, 2008 at 05:22:15PM -0700, Gary Winiger wrote:
>> The project team now considers the "rootunlock" property as unnecessary
>> because:
> 
> Hmmm, and what if root has no password?

Here we are proposing to eliminate the "rootunlock" property. So if without
the "rootunlock" property, user can not unlock the screen using root password.
It does not matter if root has password or not.

Or I didn't understand your question correctly.

-- aaron

-- 
You know some birds are not meant to be caged, their feathers are just too bright.

From Nicolas.Williams@sun.com Tue Aug 12 22:06:36 2008
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Date: Wed, 13 Aug 2008 00:06:31 -0500
From: Nicolas Williams <Nicolas.Williams@sun.com>
Subject: Re: Virtual Console Update [PSARC/2008/515 FastTrack timeout
 08/19/2008]
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On Wed, Aug 13, 2008 at 12:51:52PM +0800, Aaron Zang wrote:
> Nicolas Williams wrote:
> >On Tue, Aug 12, 2008 at 05:22:15PM -0700, Gary Winiger wrote:
> >>The project team now considers the "rootunlock" property as unnecessary
> >>because:
> >
> >Hmmm, and what if root has no password?
> 
> Here we are proposing to eliminate the "rootunlock" property. So if without
> the "rootunlock" property, user can not unlock the screen using root 
> password.
> It does not matter if root has password or not.
> 
> Or I didn't understand your question correctly.

What I meant is that the prospect of root not having a password too
makes rootunlock pointless :)

Nico
-- 

From Aaron.Zang@sun.com Tue Aug 12 22:09:55 2008
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Date: Wed, 13 Aug 2008 13:08:16 +0800
From: Aaron Zang <Aaron.Zang@sun.com>
Subject: Re: Virtual Console Update [PSARC/2008/515 FastTrack timeout
 08/19/2008]
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Nicolas Williams wrote:
> On Wed, Aug 13, 2008 at 12:51:52PM +0800, Aaron Zang wrote:
>> Nicolas Williams wrote:
>>> On Tue, Aug 12, 2008 at 05:22:15PM -0700, Gary Winiger wrote:
>>>> The project team now considers the "rootunlock" property as unnecessary
>>>> because:
>>> Hmmm, and what if root has no password?
>> Here we are proposing to eliminate the "rootunlock" property. So if without
>> the "rootunlock" property, user can not unlock the screen using root 
>> password.
>> It does not matter if root has password or not.
>>
>> Or I didn't understand your question correctly.
> 
> What I meant is that the prospect of root not having a password too
> makes rootunlock pointless :)

Ahhhh, it should count for one additional reason that we are doing this.

Thanks.

-- aaron

-- 
You know some birds are not meant to be caged, their feathers are just too bright.

From Alan.Coopersmith@sun.com Wed Aug 13 07:43:20 2008
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Date: Wed, 13 Aug 2008 07:43:14 -0700
From: Alan Coopersmith <Alan.Coopersmith@sun.com>
Subject: Re: Virtual Console Update [PSARC/2008/515 FastTrack timeout
 08/19/2008]
In-reply-to: <48A23407.8080407@Sun.COM>
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To: Aaron Zang <Aaron.Zang@sun.com>
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        console-core@sun.com
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Aaron Zang wrote:
> Alan Coopersmith wrote:
>> Gary Winiger wrote:
>>> The vtdaemon service proposed a "rootunlock" property.  When the
>>> value of
>>> "rootunlock" was "true", vtdaemon allowed unlocking text virtual
>>> consoles
>>> using the root user's password instead of the locking user's password.
>>>
>>> The project team now considers the "rootunlock" property as unnecessary
>>> because:
>>>
>>>     1) Neither xlock nor xscreensaver have such an unlocking feature.
>>
>> I don't understand this claim - xlock, xscreensaver & CDE lockscreen
>> all have
>> a feature to allow unlocking the screen with the root password instead
>> of the
>> locking's users password, mostly because our customers demanded it be
>> there.
>> (Whether it's on or off by default differs by OS rev & program, but they
>>  all have it - see "-allowroot" in xlock(1), "Dtsession*keys" in
>> dtsession(1),
>>  and the allowRoot xscreensaver resource defined in LSARC 2006/446 which
>>  we apparently forgot to document in the man page.)
>>
> 
> Yes, these locks all have code supporting root unlock, and there are macros
> functioning as switches to turn the feature on and off during compilation.
> Current Solaris releases always turn off the switches (without compiling
> this
> feature in). That what we really mean.

That is still wrong - they are all still built with the feature present.
In current Nevada builds the feature is not enabled by default, but
can be turned on at runtime, without a recompile, by just setting
the flag/properties mentioned.

-- 
	-Alan Coopersmith-           alan.coopersmith@sun.com
	 Sun Microsystems, Inc. - X Window System Engineering


From Aaron.Zang@sun.com Wed Aug 13 17:45:29 2008
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Date: Thu, 14 Aug 2008 08:43:45 +0800
From: Aaron Zang <Aaron.Zang@sun.com>
Subject: Re: Virtual Console Update [PSARC/2008/515 FastTrack timeout
 08/19/2008]
In-reply-to: <48A2F302.2040701@sun.com>
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Alan Coopersmith wrote:
> Aaron Zang wrote:
>> Alan Coopersmith wrote:
>>> Gary Winiger wrote:
>>>> The vtdaemon service proposed a "rootunlock" property.  When the
>>>> value of
>>>> "rootunlock" was "true", vtdaemon allowed unlocking text virtual
>>>> consoles
>>>> using the root user's password instead of the locking user's password.
>>>>
>>>> The project team now considers the "rootunlock" property as unnecessary
>>>> because:
>>>>
>>>>     1) Neither xlock nor xscreensaver have such an unlocking feature.
>>> I don't understand this claim - xlock, xscreensaver & CDE lockscreen
>>> all have
>>> a feature to allow unlocking the screen with the root password instead
>>> of the
>>> locking's users password, mostly because our customers demanded it be
>>> there.
>>> (Whether it's on or off by default differs by OS rev & program, but they
>>>  all have it - see "-allowroot" in xlock(1), "Dtsession*keys" in
>>> dtsession(1),
>>>  and the allowRoot xscreensaver resource defined in LSARC 2006/446 which
>>>  we apparently forgot to document in the man page.)
>>>
>> Yes, these locks all have code supporting root unlock, and there are macros
>> functioning as switches to turn the feature on and off during compilation.
>> Current Solaris releases always turn off the switches (without compiling
>> this
>> feature in). That what we really mean.
> 
> That is still wrong - they are all still built with the feature present.
> In current Nevada builds the feature is not enabled by default, but
> can be turned on at runtime, without a recompile, by just setting
> the flag/properties mentioned.
> 

OK, I see. I tried xlock -allowroot on my system, it did work.
And I found a "AllowRoot" entry in ~/.xscreensaver with "False" as default.

It seems that we should refine our claim like this:
"Neither xlock nor xscreensaver support such an unlocking feature by default"
Is it correct?

Anyway, I still believe that the trend is to not using rootunlock. I still
remember that around Nevada build 30, xscreensaver supported rootunlock by
default, and now it is not the default behavior.

-- aaron

-- 
You know some birds are not meant to be caged, their feathers are just too bright.

From Michael.Schuster@sun.com Thu Aug 14 08:12:09 2008
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Date: Thu, 14 Aug 2008 08:11:32 -0700
From: Michael Schuster <Michael.Schuster@sun.com>
Subject: Re: Virtual Console Update [PSARC/2008/515 FastTrack timeout
 08/19/2008]
In-reply-to: <48A37FC1.4000109@Sun.COM>
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To: Aaron Zang <Aaron.Zang@sun.com>
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Aaron Zang wrote:
> Alan Coopersmith wrote:
>> Aaron Zang wrote:
>>> Alan Coopersmith wrote:
>>>> Gary Winiger wrote:
>>>>> The vtdaemon service proposed a "rootunlock" property.  When the
>>>>> value of
>>>>> "rootunlock" was "true", vtdaemon allowed unlocking text virtual
>>>>> consoles
>>>>> using the root user's password instead of the locking user's password.
>>>>>
>>>>> The project team now considers the "rootunlock" property as 
>>>>> unnecessary
>>>>> because:
>>>>>
>>>>>     1) Neither xlock nor xscreensaver have such an unlocking feature.
>>>> I don't understand this claim - xlock, xscreensaver & CDE lockscreen
>>>> all have
>>>> a feature to allow unlocking the screen with the root password instead
>>>> of the
>>>> locking's users password, mostly because our customers demanded it be
>>>> there.
>>>> (Whether it's on or off by default differs by OS rev & program, but 
>>>> they
>>>>  all have it - see "-allowroot" in xlock(1), "Dtsession*keys" in
>>>> dtsession(1),
>>>>  and the allowRoot xscreensaver resource defined in LSARC 2006/446 
>>>> which
>>>>  we apparently forgot to document in the man page.)
>>>>
>>> Yes, these locks all have code supporting root unlock, and there are 
>>> macros
>>> functioning as switches to turn the feature on and off during 
>>> compilation.
>>> Current Solaris releases always turn off the switches (without compiling
>>> this
>>> feature in). That what we really mean.
>>
>> That is still wrong - they are all still built with the feature present.
>> In current Nevada builds the feature is not enabled by default, but
>> can be turned on at runtime, without a recompile, by just setting
>> the flag/properties mentioned.
>>
> 
> OK, I see. I tried xlock -allowroot on my system, it did work.
> And I found a "AllowRoot" entry in ~/.xscreensaver with "False" as default.
> 
> It seems that we should refine our claim like this:
> "Neither xlock nor xscreensaver support such an unlocking feature by 
> default"
> Is it correct?
> 
> Anyway, I still believe that the trend is to not using rootunlock. I still
> remember that around Nevada build 30, xscreensaver supported rootunlock by
> default, and now it is not the default behavior.

IMO it would make sense to retain the capability, but turn it off by default.

Michael
-- 
Michael Schuster 	http://blogs.sun.com/recursion
Recursion, n.: see 'Recursion'

From Aaron.Zang@sun.com Thu Aug 14 17:19:37 2008
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Date: Fri, 15 Aug 2008 08:17:56 +0800
From: Aaron Zang <Aaron.Zang@sun.com>
Subject: Re: Virtual Console Update [PSARC/2008/515 FastTrack timeout
 08/19/2008]
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Michael Schuster wrote:

>> Anyway, I still believe that the trend is to not using rootunlock. I 
>> still
>> remember that around Nevada build 30, xscreensaver supported 
>> rootunlock by
>> default, and now it is not the default behavior.
> 
> IMO it would make sense to retain the capability, but turn it off by 
> default.

There are actually other reasons that we want to get rid of root unlock,
as stated as reason #2 and #3. The Xsession lock is just one aspect.

A more serious problem that can be resulted from root unlocking is that
root user can unlock a normal user's console and get this normal user's
attribute without any record. Of course, root user can always do this by "su",
but the "su" could be audited if audit is enabled.
Whereas in our case, the right way to do audit is to set up audit context
from the ucred of the process running on the virtual console being unlocked.
If we allow root unlock, and we want to record this behavior, we have to
make up a fake root audit context, and this is really a very bad thing to do
and is not a correct behavior as allowed by audit.
The above may explain "It can also lead to incorrect attribution of actions
to the locking user by another user." as stated in reason #2.

-- aaron


-- 
You know some birds are not meant to be caged, their feathers are just too bright.

From kmcdonald@egenera.com Fri Aug 15 08:47:28 2008
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Date: Fri, 15 Aug 2008 11:47:05 -0400
From: Kyle McDonald <KMcDonald@egenera.com>
Subject: Re: Virtual Console Update [PSARC/2008/515 FastTrack timeout
	08/19/2008]
In-reply-to: <48A4CB34.3090207@Sun.COM>
To: Aaron Zang <Aaron.Zang@sun.com>
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Aaron Zang wrote:
> Michael Schuster wrote:
>
>   
>>> Anyway, I still believe that the trend is to not using rootunlock. I 
>>> still
>>> remember that around Nevada build 30, xscreensaver supported 
>>> rootunlock by
>>> default, and now it is not the default behavior.
>>>       
>> IMO it would make sense to retain the capability, but turn it off by 
>> default.
>>     
>
> There are actually other reasons that we want to get rid of root unlock,
> as stated as reason #2 and #3. The Xsession lock is just one aspect.
>
> A more serious problem that can be resulted from root unlocking is that
> root user can unlock a normal user's console and get this normal user's
> attribute without any record. Of course, root user can always do this by "su",
> but the "su" could be audited if audit is enabled.
> Whereas in our case, the right way to do audit is to set up audit context
> from the ucred of the process running on the virtual console being unlocked.
> If we allow root unlock, and we want to record this behavior, we have to
> make up a fake root audit context, and this is really a very bad thing to do
> and is not a correct behavior as allowed by audit.
> The above may explain "It can also lead to incorrect attribution of actions
> to the locking user by another user." as stated in reason #2.
>
>   
When Running large computer labs at universities, this root-unlock 
feature has been a godsend for when users lock their terminals and leave 
the lab, and there are no other workstations available for new users.

What if the only thing the root password could do was to unlock *and* 
logout the session on that console. In other words they wouldn't be 
allowed access to the running processes, they would just be returned to 
the login prompt.

What I never liked was that it meant we needed to give the lab proctors 
the root password to the lab workstations.
Maybe something could be done with with roles, profles, etc. for this?

   - Kyle
> -- aaron
>
>
>   


From Aaron.Zang@Sun.COM Fri Aug 15 23:57:53 2008
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Date: Sat, 16 Aug 2008 14:57:25 +0800
From: Aaron Zang <Aaron.Zang@Sun.COM>
Subject: Re: Virtual Console Update [PSARC/2008/515 FastTrack timeout
	08/19/2008]
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Kyle McDonald wrote:
> Aaron Zang wrote:
>>
>> There are actually other reasons that we want to get rid of root unlock,
>> as stated as reason #2 and #3. The Xsession lock is just one aspect.
>>
>> A more serious problem that can be resulted from root unlocking is that
>> root user can unlock a normal user's console and get this normal user's
>> attribute without any record. Of course, root user can always do this 
>> by "su",
>> but the "su" could be audited if audit is enabled.
>> Whereas in our case, the right way to do audit is to set up audit 
>> context
>> from the ucred of the process running on the virtual console being 
>> unlocked.
>> If we allow root unlock, and we want to record this behavior, we have to
>> make up a fake root audit context, and this is really a very bad 
>> thing to do
>> and is not a correct behavior as allowed by audit.
>> The above may explain "It can also lead to incorrect attribution of 
>> actions
>> to the locking user by another user." as stated in reason #2.
>>
>>   
> When Running large computer labs at universities, this root-unlock 
> feature has been a godsend for when users lock their terminals and 
> leave the lab, and there are no other workstations available for new 
> users.
>
If virtual console is enabled, there will be multiple virtual consoles 
providing both
console login sessions and graphic sessions.
Whoever locked *ALL* these sessions should be treated as malicious user and
should be punished somehow.

> What if the only thing the root password could do was to unlock *and* 
> logout the session on that console. In other words they wouldn't be 
> allowed access to the running processes, they would just be returned 
> to the login prompt.
>
vtdaemon does console locking/unlocking on behalf of the console session 
being locked/unlocked.
If we allow root to unlock the session, no matter it has restricted 
accessibility or not, we should audit
this unlocking event. This will eventually result in faking a root audit 
context, and that is *not allowed*
by SUN audit policy.
> What I never liked was that it meant we needed to give the lab 
> proctors the root password to the lab workstations.
> Maybe something could be done with with roles, profles, etc. for this?
The project team believes that the accessibility to the local physical 
consoles should be managed properly.
If a person is ever allowed to access the local console, he/she should 
be trusted  to behave properly.
Virtual consoles could solve by some degree the situation that a person 
*accidentally*  locked  several
of the available virtual consoles, the system administrator could login 
via one of the rest of the available
consoles and deal with the mess. But if all the available virtual 
consoles are locked out, what should be
blamed is the management of physical access to the local consoles.

-- aaron

From jgh@wizmail.org Sat Aug 16 07:13:07 2008
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Date: Sat, 16 Aug 2008 15:12:50 +0100
From: Jeremy Harris <jgh@wizmail.org>
Subject: Re: Virtual Console Update [PSARC/2008/515 FastTrack timeout
	08/19/2008]
In-reply-to: <48A67A55.2060904@Sun.COM>
To: Aaron Zang <Aaron.Zang@sun.com>
Cc: Kyle McDonald <KMcDonald@egenera.com>, psarc-ext@sun.com,
        console-core@sun.com, Gary Winiger <gww@sac.sfbay.sun.com>,
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Aaron Zang wrote:
> If a person is ever allowed to access the local console, he/she should 
> be trusted  to behave properly.
> Virtual consoles could solve by some degree the situation that a person 
> *accidentally*  locked  several
> of the available virtual consoles, the system administrator could login 
> via one of the rest of the available
> consoles and deal with the mess. But if all the available virtual 
> consoles are locked out, what should be
> blamed is the management of physical access to the local consoles.

All very reasonable for a server-class system.  Totally useless for a
single-monitor, single keyboard system in a student environment.

- Jeremy


From gdamore@sun.com Sat Aug 16 08:41:44 2008
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Date: Sat, 16 Aug 2008 08:35:38 -0700
From: "Garrett D'Amore" <gdamore@sun.com>
Subject: Re: Virtual Console Update [PSARC/2008/515 FastTrack timeout
	08/19/2008]
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To: Aaron Zang <Aaron.Zang@sun.com>
Cc: Kyle McDonald <KMcDonald@egenera.com>,
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A possible workaround/comprromise:

What if there was one extra VT, that was only available to 
administrators?  Then a root user could always login, and if necessary 
kill off the sessions holding the other VTs.  This wouldn't break 
auditing, and it wouldn't require the console keyboard and monitor to be 
secured at all costs.  (The usual concerns about BIOS access other local 
access considerations still apply, of course.)

    -- Garrett


Aaron Zang wrote:
> Kyle McDonald wrote:
>> Aaron Zang wrote:
>>>
>>> There are actually other reasons that we want to get rid of root 
>>> unlock,
>>> as stated as reason #2 and #3. The Xsession lock is just one aspect.
>>>
>>> A more serious problem that can be resulted from root unlocking is that
>>> root user can unlock a normal user's console and get this normal user's
>>> attribute without any record. Of course, root user can always do 
>>> this by "su",
>>> but the "su" could be audited if audit is enabled.
>>> Whereas in our case, the right way to do audit is to set up audit 
>>> context
>>> from the ucred of the process running on the virtual console being 
>>> unlocked.
>>> If we allow root unlock, and we want to record this behavior, we 
>>> have to
>>> make up a fake root audit context, and this is really a very bad 
>>> thing to do
>>> and is not a correct behavior as allowed by audit.
>>> The above may explain "It can also lead to incorrect attribution of 
>>> actions
>>> to the locking user by another user." as stated in reason #2.
>>>
>>>   
>> When Running large computer labs at universities, this root-unlock 
>> feature has been a godsend for when users lock their terminals and 
>> leave the lab, and there are no other workstations available for new 
>> users.
>>
> If virtual console is enabled, there will be multiple virtual consoles 
> providing both
> console login sessions and graphic sessions.
> Whoever locked *ALL* these sessions should be treated as malicious 
> user and
> should be punished somehow.
>
>> What if the only thing the root password could do was to unlock *and* 
>> logout the session on that console. In other words they wouldn't be 
>> allowed access to the running processes, they would just be returned 
>> to the login prompt.
>>
> vtdaemon does console locking/unlocking on behalf of the console 
> session being locked/unlocked.
> If we allow root to unlock the session, no matter it has restricted 
> accessibility or not, we should audit
> this unlocking event. This will eventually result in faking a root 
> audit context, and that is *not allowed*
> by SUN audit policy.
>> What I never liked was that it meant we needed to give the lab 
>> proctors the root password to the lab workstations.
>> Maybe something could be done with with roles, profles, etc. for this?
> The project team believes that the accessibility to the local physical 
> consoles should be managed properly.
> If a person is ever allowed to access the local console, he/she should 
> be trusted  to behave properly.
> Virtual consoles could solve by some degree the situation that a 
> person *accidentally*  locked  several
> of the available virtual consoles, the system administrator could 
> login via one of the rest of the available
> consoles and deal with the mess. But if all the available virtual 
> consoles are locked out, what should be
> blamed is the management of physical access to the local consoles.


>
> -- aaron


From Aaron.Zang@Sun.COM Sat Aug 16 20:33:49 2008
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Date: Sun, 17 Aug 2008 11:33:22 +0800
From: Aaron Zang <Aaron.Zang@Sun.COM>
Subject: Re: Virtual Console Update [PSARC/2008/515 FastTrack timeout
	08/19/2008]
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Jeremy Harris wrote:
> Aaron Zang wrote:
>> If a person is ever allowed to access the local console, he/she 
>> should be trusted  to behave properly.
>> Virtual consoles could solve by some degree the situation that a 
>> person *accidentally*  locked  several
>> of the available virtual consoles, the system administrator could 
>> login via one of the rest of the available
>> consoles and deal with the mess. But if all the available virtual 
>> consoles are locked out, what should be
>> blamed is the management of physical access to the local consoles.
>
> All very reasonable for a server-class system.  Totally useless for a
> single-monitor, single keyboard system in a student environment.
>

While in a student environment, it's almost safe to say nothing 
important (business/money related)
service is running on that system, so the system admin  could even 
hammer the  system to  get it back.

The locked system situation is not first introduced by virtual console, 
and it's by the nature of locking
screen on a workstation.

-- aaron

From Aaron.Zang@sun.com Sat Aug 16 20:41:36 2008
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Date: Sun, 17 Aug 2008 11:39:52 +0800
From: Aaron Zang <Aaron.Zang@sun.com>
Subject: Re: Virtual Console Update [PSARC/2008/515 FastTrack timeout
	08/19/2008]
In-reply-to: <48A79C02.7070207@Sun.COM>
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Aaron Zang wrote:
> Jeremy Harris wrote:
>> Aaron Zang wrote:
>>> If a person is ever allowed to access the local console, he/she 
>>> should be trusted  to behave properly.
>>> Virtual consoles could solve by some degree the situation that a 
>>> person *accidentally*  locked  several
>>> of the available virtual consoles, the system administrator could 
>>> login via one of the rest of the available
>>> consoles and deal with the mess. But if all the available virtual 
>>> consoles are locked out, what should be
>>> blamed is the management of physical access to the local consoles.
>>
>> All very reasonable for a server-class system.  Totally useless for a
>> single-monitor, single keyboard system in a student environment.
>>
>
> While in a student environment, it's almost safe to say nothing 
> important (business/money related)
> service is running on that system, so the system admin  could even 
> hammer the  system to  get it back.
>
> The locked system situation is not first introduced by virtual 
> console, and it's by the nature of locking
> screen on a workstation.
>

And in a student environment, I think is OK to disable the console 
locking to get rid of all the mess.
We provide the option to disable the locking feature.

-- aaron
> -- aaron
>


From Aaron.Zang@sun.com Sat Aug 16 21:01:44 2008
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Date: Sun, 17 Aug 2008 12:01:27 +0800
From: Aaron Zang <Aaron.Zang@sun.com>
Subject: Re: Virtual Console Update [PSARC/2008/515 FastTrack timeout
	08/19/2008]
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Hi Garrett,
Thanks for your suggestion. Actually we've thought about this idea 
during the very beginning of project design.
The thing is which virtual console should be reserved for root use 
only.  The system console (/dev/console)
is not the possible choice, since it would change the behavior of the 
system console, it might be seen as
a regression. And for the other virtual consoles, we actually allow to 
dynamic reconfig the available virtual
console number. Even if the second virtual console /dev/vt/2 is chosen 
to only allow root login, there might
be chances that the user re-configure it away.  Of course a possible 
solution is to hard reserve 2 virtual consoles,
but user might only want only one console session and only one graphic 
session.

Anyway, people can always disable the console locking feature of virtual 
console by setting the "secure"
option of vtdaemon service to "false", if the chances that mis-behaved 
users messing up the consoles are very high.

-- aaron

Garrett D'Amore wrote:
> A possible workaround/comprromise:
>
> What if there was one extra VT, that was only available to 
> administrators?  Then a root user could always login, and if necessary 
> kill off the sessions holding the other VTs.  This wouldn't break 
> auditing, and it wouldn't require the console keyboard and monitor to 
> be secured at all costs.  (The usual concerns about BIOS access other 
> local access considerations still apply, of course.)
>
>    -- Garrett
>
>
> Aaron Zang wrote:
>> Kyle McDonald wrote:
>>> Aaron Zang wrote:
>>>>
>>>> There are actually other reasons that we want to get rid of root 
>>>> unlock,
>>>> as stated as reason #2 and #3. The Xsession lock is just one aspect.
>>>>
>>>> A more serious problem that can be resulted from root unlocking is 
>>>> that
>>>> root user can unlock a normal user's console and get this normal 
>>>> user's
>>>> attribute without any record. Of course, root user can always do 
>>>> this by "su",
>>>> but the "su" could be audited if audit is enabled.
>>>> Whereas in our case, the right way to do audit is to set up audit 
>>>> context
>>>> from the ucred of the process running on the virtual console being 
>>>> unlocked.
>>>> If we allow root unlock, and we want to record this behavior, we 
>>>> have to
>>>> make up a fake root audit context, and this is really a very bad 
>>>> thing to do
>>>> and is not a correct behavior as allowed by audit.
>>>> The above may explain "It can also lead to incorrect attribution of 
>>>> actions
>>>> to the locking user by another user." as stated in reason #2.
>>>>
>>>>   
>>> When Running large computer labs at universities, this root-unlock 
>>> feature has been a godsend for when users lock their terminals and 
>>> leave the lab, and there are no other workstations available for new 
>>> users.
>>>
>> If virtual console is enabled, there will be multiple virtual 
>> consoles providing both
>> console login sessions and graphic sessions.
>> Whoever locked *ALL* these sessions should be treated as malicious 
>> user and
>> should be punished somehow.
>>
>>> What if the only thing the root password could do was to unlock 
>>> *and* logout the session on that console. In other words they 
>>> wouldn't be allowed access to the running processes, they would just 
>>> be returned to the login prompt.
>>>
>> vtdaemon does console locking/unlocking on behalf of the console 
>> session being locked/unlocked.
>> If we allow root to unlock the session, no matter it has restricted 
>> accessibility or not, we should audit
>> this unlocking event. This will eventually result in faking a root 
>> audit context, and that is *not allowed*
>> by SUN audit policy.
>>> What I never liked was that it meant we needed to give the lab 
>>> proctors the root password to the lab workstations.
>>> Maybe something could be done with with roles, profles, etc. for this?
>> The project team believes that the accessibility to the local 
>> physical consoles should be managed properly.
>> If a person is ever allowed to access the local console, he/she 
>> should be trusted  to behave properly.
>> Virtual consoles could solve by some degree the situation that a 
>> person *accidentally*  locked  several
>> of the available virtual consoles, the system administrator could 
>> login via one of the rest of the available
>> consoles and deal with the mess. But if all the available virtual 
>> consoles are locked out, what should be
>> blamed is the management of physical access to the local consoles.
>
>
>>
>> -- aaron
>


From kmcdonald@egenera.com Sun Aug 17 15:55:09 2008
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Date: Sun, 17 Aug 2008 18:55:01 -0400
From: Kyle McDonald <KMcDonald@egenera.com>
Subject: Re: Virtual Console Update [PSARC/2008/515 FastTrack timeout
	08/19/2008]
In-reply-to: <48A79C02.7070207@Sun.COM>
To: Aaron Zang <Aaron.Zang@sun.com>
Cc: Jeremy Harris <jgh@wizmail.org>, psarc-ext@sun.com, console-core@sun.com,
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Aaron Zang wrote:
> Jeremy Harris wrote:
>> Aaron Zang wrote:
>>> If a person is ever allowed to access the local console, he/she 
>>> should be trusted  to behave properly.
>>> Virtual consoles could solve by some degree the situation that a 
>>> person *accidentally*  locked  several
>>> of the available virtual consoles, the system administrator could 
>>> login via one of the rest of the available
>>> consoles and deal with the mess. But if all the available virtual 
>>> consoles are locked out, what should be
>>> blamed is the management of physical access to the local consoles.
>>
>> All very reasonable for a server-class system.  Totally useless for a
>> single-monitor, single keyboard system in a student environment.
>>
>
> While in a student environment, it's almost safe to say nothing 
> important (business/money related)
> service is running on that system, so the system admin  could even 
> hammer the  system to  get it back.
>
Except for all the jobs of students logged in from home or the dorms 
through the network, or the long running grad student jobs, that are 
also running on the machine. They may not be directly Bussiness/Money 
related, but if the lab proctors (who aren't usually system admins) have 
to power cycle ot L1-A the machine to unlock the console, then you're 
going to end up with a bunch of pissed off students who lose work, and 
eventually some of those will be upset enough to transfer to another school.
> The locked system situation is not first introduced by virtual 
> console, and it's by the nature of locking
> screen on a workstation.
But all the other methods of locking the screen allow an administrator 
to override that lock.

I agree with you about the audit context, and the ability of whoe ever 
unlocked the screen to act as whoever left themsleves logged in.

I think if it were linked to a privlege (role? profile? authorization?) 
instead of 'root' that garrets suggestion would probably be best. Then 
the sysadmin could give the lab proctor accounts this ability, and a 
utility to clean out the processes on the consoles.

Of course another alternative would be something like 'screen' where 
virtually an unlimited number of virtual conosle could continue to be 
created, leaving the locked ones and the processes running.

   -Kyle

>
> -- aaron


From Aaron.Zang@sun.com Sun Aug 17 16:57:55 2008
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Date: Mon, 18 Aug 2008 07:55:51 +0800
From: Aaron Zang <Aaron.Zang@sun.com>
Subject: Re: Virtual Console Update [PSARC/2008/515 FastTrack timeout
	08/19/2008]
In-reply-to: <48A8AC45.2040108@Egenera.COM>
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Kyle McDonald wrote:
> Aaron Zang wrote:
>> Jeremy Harris wrote:
>>> Aaron Zang wrote:
>>>> If a person is ever allowed to access the local console, he/she 
>>>> should be trusted  to behave properly.
>>>> Virtual consoles could solve by some degree the situation that a 
>>>> person *accidentally*  locked  several
>>>> of the available virtual consoles, the system administrator could 
>>>> login via one of the rest of the available
>>>> consoles and deal with the mess. But if all the available virtual 
>>>> consoles are locked out, what should be
>>>> blamed is the management of physical access to the local consoles.
>>>
>>> All very reasonable for a server-class system.  Totally useless for a
>>> single-monitor, single keyboard system in a student environment.
>>>
>>
>> While in a student environment, it's almost safe to say nothing 
>> important (business/money related)
>> service is running on that system, so the system admin  could even 
>> hammer the  system to  get it back.
>>
> Except for all the jobs of students logged in from home or the dorms 
> through the network, or the long running grad student jobs, that are 
> also running on the machine. They may not be directly Bussiness/Money 
> related, but if the lab proctors (who aren't usually system admins) have 
> to power cycle ot L1-A the machine to unlock the console, then you're 
> going to end up with a bunch of pissed off students who lose work, and 
> eventually some of those will be upset enough to transfer to another 
> school.

If the systems are networked, who not let the lab proctors login through
the network and do the management?

>> The locked system situation is not first introduced by virtual 
>> console, and it's by the nature of locking
>> screen on a workstation.
> But all the other methods of locking the screen allow an administrator 
> to override that lock.
> 
> I agree with you about the audit context, and the ability of whoe ever 
> unlocked the screen to act as whoever left themsleves logged in.
> 
> I think if it were linked to a privlege (role? profile? authorization?) 
> instead of 'root' that garrets suggestion would probably be best. Then 
> the sysadmin could give the lab proctor accounts this ability, and a 
> utility to clean out the processes on the consoles.
> 

We introduced 2 authorizations smf.management.vt smf.value.vt. They are
all granted to the Device Security profile. You can use this profile if
you do not want give out "root", or just grant the authorizations to some
other role.

> Of course another alternative would be something like 'screen' where 
> virtually an unlimited number of virtual conosle could continue to be 
> created, leaving the locked ones and the processes running.
> 

Kyle, I think in your case disabling the locking screen feature of virtual
console will fit. It would make virtual consoles function a lot like Linux.

Or you can grant the smf.management.vt and smf.value.vt authorizations to
a role and let that role do the cleaning via network.

Does the above solve your problem? I sensed that you naturally do not like
root unlock either, because you do not want to give out "root". Your problem
is actually RBAC related.

-- aaron

-- 
You know some birds are not meant to be caged, their feathers are just too bright.

From Nicolas.Williams@sun.com Sun Aug 17 22:49:37 2008
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Date: Mon, 18 Aug 2008 00:49:29 -0500
From: Nicolas Williams <Nicolas.Williams@sun.com>
Subject: Re: Virtual Console Update [PSARC/2008/515 FastTrack timeout
 08/19/2008]
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On Sat, Aug 16, 2008 at 03:12:50PM +0100, Jeremy Harris wrote:
> Aaron Zang wrote:
> >If a person is ever allowed to access the local console, he/she
> >should be trusted  to behave properly.  Virtual consoles could solve
> >by some degree the situation that a person *accidentally*  locked
> >several of the available virtual consoles, the system administrator
> >could login via one of the rest of the available consoles and deal
> >with the mess. But if all the available virtual consoles are locked
> >out, what should be blamed is the management of physical access to
> >the local consoles.
> 
> All very reasonable for a server-class system.  Totally useless for a
> single-monitor, single keyboard system in a student environment.

In such an environment the sysadmin can surely remotely remove the lock.

From Alan.Coopersmith@sun.com Mon Aug 18 08:03:53 2008
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Date: Mon, 18 Aug 2008 08:03:29 -0700
From: Alan Coopersmith <Alan.Coopersmith@sun.com>
Subject: Re: Virtual Console Update [PSARC/2008/515 FastTrack timeout
	08/19/2008]
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Cc: Aaron Zang <Aaron.Zang@sun.com>,
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Kyle McDonald wrote:
> When Running large computer labs at universities, this root-unlock
> feature has been a godsend for when users lock their terminals and leave
> the lab, and there are no other workstations available for new users.

Though when I was one of the people running a large computer lab at a
university, we disabled the root unlock in xlock (it was what everyone
used way back then, before CDE) after a student compiled their own xlock
that recorded the passwords used to unlock, then left the screen locked
waiting for an admin to unlock...    after all, if you had the root
password, you could also rlogin (or ssh today), su & kill the processes.

The feature really is an attractive nuisance, which is why we've been
disabling it by default, but leaving it as an option for those customers
who insist that in their environment the value is worth the spoofability
risk.

-- 
	-Alan Coopersmith-           alan.coopersmith@sun.com
	 Sun Microsystems, Inc. - X Window System Engineering


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Date: Wed, 20 Aug 2008 16:16:05 -0700 (PDT)
From: Gary Winiger <gww@sac.sfbay.sun.com>
Subject: Re: Virtual Console Update [PSARC/2008/515 FastTrack timeout
 08/19/2008]
To: gww@sac.sfbay.sun.com, psarc-ext@sun.com
Cc: Aaron.Zang@sun.com, console-core@sun.com
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> I'm sponsoring this fast track for Aaron Zang and the Virtual Console team.
> This case proposes to eliminate the vtdaemon "rootunlock" property of
> PSARC/2006/591, Virtual Console.  The Virtual Console project has not
> delivered into any version of OpenSolaris or Solaris so this case
> introduces no incompatibilities.  This case proposes no change to the
> original approved Release Binding of patch/micro.

	This case was approved as proposed at today's PSARC meeting.

Gary..

