--- cksum.1.old.txt Tue Apr 21 01:43:08 2009 +++ cksum.1.new.txt Tue Apr 21 01:43:08 2009 @@ -9,22 +9,30 @@ cksum - write file checksums and sizes SYNOPSIS - cksum [file...] + /usr/bin/cksum + /usr/bin/cksum [ options ] [file...] + + ksh93 + cksum [ options ] [file...] DESCRIPTION - The cksum command calculates and writes to standard output a - cyclic redundancy check (CRC) for each input file, and also - writes to standard output the number of octets in each file. + The cksum command and ksh93 built-in command "cksum" lists + the checksum, and for most methods the block count, for each + file argument. The standard input is read if there are no + file arguments. - For each file processed successfully, cksum will write in - the following format: + The default method is "cksum" which calculates and writes + to standard output a cyclic redundancy check (CRC) for each + input file, and also writes to standard output the number + of octets in each file. + For each file processed successfully the cksum method will + write in the following format: + "%u %d %s\n" , <# of octets>, + Method names consist of a leading identifier and 0 or more + options separated by -. - - If no file operand was specified, the path name and its - leading space will be omitted. - The CRC used is based on the polynomial used for CRC error checking in the referenced Ethernet standard. @@ -36,7 +44,6 @@ Mathematically, the CRC value corresponding to a given file is defined by the following procedure: - 1. The n bits to be evaluated are considered to be the coefficients of a mod 2 polynomial M(x) of degree n-1. These n bits are the bits from the file, with the most @@ -49,32 +56,183 @@ first. The smallest number of octets capable of representing this integer is used. - 2. M(x) is multiplied by x**32 (that is, shifted left 32 bits) and divided by G(x) using mod 2 division, produc- ing a remainder R(x) of degree < 31. - 3. The coefficients of R(x) are considered to be a 32-bit sequence. + 4. The bit sequence is complemented and the result is the + CRC. -SunOS 5.10 Last change: 1 Feb 1995 1 + getconf PATH_RESOLVE determines how symbolic links are + handled. This can be explicitly overridden by the --logical, + --metaphysical, and --physical options below. PATH_RESOLVE + can be one of: + logical + Follow all symbolic links. + metaphysical + Follow command argument symbolic links, otherwise + don't follow. + physical + Don't follow symbolic links. +OPTIONS + The following options are supported by /usr/bin/cksum + -a, --all List the checksum for all files. Use with + --total to list both individual and total + checksums and block counts. + -b, --binary Read files in binary mode. This is the + default. + -B, --scale=scale + Block count scale (bytes per block) override + for methods that include size in the output. + The default is method specific. + -c, --check Each file is interpreted as the output from a + previous sum. If --header or --permissions was + specified in the previous sum then the + checksum method is automatically determined, + otherwise --method must be specified. The + listed checksum is compared with the current + value and a warning is issued for each file + that does not match. If file was generated by + --permissions then the file mode, user and + group are also checked. Empty lines, lines + starting with #, or the line # are + ignored. Lines containing no blanks are + interpreted as [no]name[=value] options: + method=name + Checksum method to apply to subsequent + lines. + permissions + Subsequent lines were generated with + --permissions. + -h, --header Print the checksum method as the first output + line. Used with --check and --permissions. + -l, --list Each file is interpreted as a list of files, + one per line, that is checksummed. + -p, --permissions + If --check is not specified then list the file + mode, user and group between the checksum and + path. User and group matching the caller are + output as -. If --check is specified then the + mode, user and group for each path in file are + updated if necessary to match those in file. A + warning is printed on the standard error for + each changed file. + -R, --recursive Recursively checksum the contents of + directories. + -t, --total List only the total checksum and block count + of all files. --all --total lists each + checksum and the total. The total checksum and + block count may be different from the checksum + and block count of the catenation of all files + due to partial blocks that may occur when the + files are treated separately. + -T, --text Read files in text mode (i.e., treat \r\n as + \n). + -w, --warn Warn about invalid --check lines. On by + default; -w means --nowarn. + -x, --method|algorithm=method + Specifies the checksum method to apply. Parenthesized method options are readonly implementation + details. + att|sys5|s5|default + The system 5 release 4 checksum. This is the default for sum when getconf UNIVERSE is att. + This is the only true sum; all of the other methods are order dependent. + ast4|32x4|tw + The ast 128 bit PRNG hash generated by catenating 4 separate 32 bit PNRG hashes. The block + count is not printed. + bsd|ucb + The BSD checksum. + crc 32 bit CRC (cyclic redundancy check). + polynomial=mask + The 32 bit crc polynomial bitmask with implicit bit 32. The default value is + 0xedb88320. + done[=number] + XOR the final crc value with number. 0xffffffff is used if number is omitted. The + option value may be omitted. The default value is 0. + init[=number] + The initial crc value. 0xffffffff is used if number is omitted. The option value may + be omitted. The default value is 0. + rotate + XOR each input character with the high order crc byte (instead of the low order). + size[=number] + Include the total number of bytes in the crc. number, if specified, is first XOR'd + into the size. The option value may be omitted. The default value is 0. + prng 32 bit PRNG (pseudo random number generator) hash. + mpy=number + The 32 bit PRNG multiplier. The default value is 0x01000193. + add=number + The 32 bit PRNG addend. The default value is 0. + init[=number] + The PRNG initial value. 0xffffffff is used if number is omitted. The option value may + be omitted. The default value is 0x811c9dc5. + md4|MD4 + RFC1320 MD4 message digest. Cryptographically weak. The block count is not printed. + (version) + md4 (solaris -lmd) 2005-07-26 + md5|MD5 + RFC1321 MD5 message digest. Cryptographically weak. The block count is not printed. + (version) + md5 (solaris -lmd) 2005-07-26 + sha1|SHA1|sha-1|SHA-1 + RFC3174 / FIPS 180-1 SHA-1 secure hash algorithm 1. Cryptographically weak. The block count + is not printed. + (version) + sha1 (solaris -lmd) 2005-07-26 + sha256|sha-256|SHA256|SHA-256 + FIPS 180-2 SHA256 secure hash algorithm. The block count is not printed. + (version) + sha256 (solaris -lmd) 2005-07-26 + sha384|sha-384|SHA384|SHA-384 + FIPS 180-2 SHA384 secure hash algorithm. The block count is not printed. + (version) + sha384 (solaris -lmd) 2005-07-26 + sha512|sha-512|SHA512|SHA-512 + FIPS 180-2 SHA512 secure hash algorithm. The block count is not printed. + (version) + sha512 (solaris -lmd) 2005-07-26 + posix|cksum|std|standard + The posix 1003.2-1992 32 bit crc checksum. This is the default cksum(1) method. Shorthand for + crc-0x04c11db7-rotate-done-size. + zip The zip(1) crc. Shorthand for crc-0xedb88320-init-done. + fddi The FDDI crc. Shorthand for crc-0xedb88320-size=0xcc55cc55. + fnv|fnv1 + The Fowler-Noll-Vo 32 bit PRNG hash with non-zero initializer (FNV-1). Shorthand for + prng-0x01000193-init=0x811c9dc5. + ast|strsum + The ast strsum(3) PRNG hash. Shorthand for prng-0x63c63cd9-add=0x9c39c33d. + -L, --logical|follow + Follow symbolic links when traversing + directories. The default is determined by + getconf PATH_RESOLVE. + -H, --metaphysical + Follow command argument symbolic links, + otherwise don't follow symbolic links when + traversing directories. The default is + determined by getconf PATH_RESOLVE. + -P, --physical Don't follow symbolic links when traversing + directories. The default is determined by + getconf PATH_RESOLVE. + -r, --bsd Equivalent to --method=bsd --scale=512 for + compatibility with other sum(1) + implementations. + -s, --sysv Equivalent ti --method=sys5 for for + compatibility with other sum(1) + implementations. + -S, --silent|status + No output for --check; 0 exit status means all + sums matched, non-0 means at least one sum + failed to match. Ignored for --permissions. + --man, --html, --nroff + Prints builtin manual page in either plain + text, HTML or nroff format. + --help Prints basic help information + --version Prints version information - - - -User Commands cksum(1) - - - - 4. The bit sequence is complemented and the result is the - CRC. - - OPERANDS The following operand is supported: @@ -87,11 +245,12 @@ The cksum command is typically used to quickly compare a suspect file against a trusted version of the same, such as to ensure that files transmitted over noisy media arrive - intact. However, this comparison cannot be considered cryp- - tographically secure. The chances of a damaged file produc- - ing the same CRC as the original are astronomically small; - deliberate deception is difficult, but probably not impossi- - ble. + intact. However, the CRC comparison cannot be considered + cryptographically secure. The chances of a damaged file + producing the same CRC as the original are astronomically + small; deliberate deception is difficult, but probably not + impossible. In such cases a cryptographically stronger hash + method (such as "sha512") is recommended. Although input files to cksum can be any type, the results need not be what would be expected on character special dev- @@ -99,13 +258,14 @@ size used when doing input, checksums of character special files need not process all of the data in those files. - The algorithm is expressed in terms of a bitstream divided - into octets. If a file is transmitted between two systems - and undergoes any data transformation (such as moving 8-bit - characters into 9-bit bytes or changing "Little Endian" byte - ordering to "Big Endian"), identical CRC values cannot be - expected. Implementations performing such transformations - may extend cksum to handle such situations. + The CRC algorithm is expressed in terms of a bitstream + divided into octets. If a file is transmitted between two + systems and undergoes any data transformation (such as + moving 8-bit characters into 9-bit bytes or changing + "Little Endian" byte ordering to "Big Endian"), identical + CRC values cannot be expected. Implementations + performing such transformations may extend cksum to handle + such situations. See largefile(5) for the description of the behavior of cksum when encountering files greater than or equal to 2 @@ -121,22 +281,6 @@ 0 All files were processed successfully. - - - - - -SunOS 5.10 Last change: 1 Feb 1995 2 - - - - - - -User Commands cksum(1) - - - >0 An error occurred. @@ -153,46 +297,12 @@ | Interface Stability | Standard | |_____________________________|_____________________________| + This command conforms to IEEE Std 1003.1-2008. SEE ALSO - digest(1), sum(1), bart(1M), attributes(5), environ(5), lar- - gefile(5), standards(5) + digest(1), ksh93(1), sum(1), bart(1M), attributes(5), + environ(5), largefile(5), standards(5), + http://www.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/utilities/cksum.html - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - SunOS 5.10 Last change: 1 Feb 1995 3 - - - --- head.1.old.txt Tue Apr 21 01:43:08 2009 +++ head.1.new.txt Tue Apr 21 01:43:08 2009 @@ -9,42 +9,53 @@ head - display first few lines of files SYNOPSIS - head [-number | -n number] [filename...] + /usr/bin/head + /usr/bin/head [ options ] [file...] + + ksh93 + head [ options ] [file...] DESCRIPTION - The head utility copies the first number of lines of each - filename to the standard output. If no filename is given, - head copies lines from the standard input. The default value - of number is 10 lines. + head copies one or more input files to standard output + stopping at a designated point for each file or to the end of + the file whichever comes first. Copying ends at the point + indicated by the options. By default a header of the form ==> + filename <== is output before all but the first file but this + can be changed with the -q and -v options. - When more than one file is specified, the start of each file - will look like: + If no file is given, or if the file is -, head copies from + standard input starting at the current location. - ==> filename <== + The option argument for -c, and -s can optionally be followed + by one of the following characters to specify a different + unit other than a single byte: + b 512 bytes. + k 1-killobyte. + m 1-megabyte. + For backwards compatibility, -number is equivalent to -n + number. - Thus, a common way to display a set of short files, identi- - fying each one, is: - - example% head -9999 filename1 filename2 ... - OPTIONS The following options are supported: - -n number The first number lines of each input file - will be copied to standard output. The - number option-argument must be a positive - decimal integer. + -n, --lines=lines + Copy lines lines from each file. The default + value is 10. + -c, --bytes=chars + Copy chars bytes from each file. + -q, --quiet|silent + Never ouput filename headers. + -s, --skip=skip Skip skip characters or lines from each file + before copying. + -v, --verbose Always ouput filename headers. + --man, --html, --nroff + Prints builtin manual page in either plain + text, HTML or nroff format. + --help Prints basic help information + --version Prints version information - - - -number The number argument is a positive decimal - integer with the same effect as the -n - number option. - - - - If no options are specified, head will act as if -n 10had + If no options are specified, head will act as if -n 10 had been specified. OPERANDS @@ -54,23 +65,6 @@ operands are specified, the standard input will be used. - - - - - - -SunOS 5.10 Last change: 1 Feb 1995 1 - - - - - - -User Commands head(1) - - - USAGE See largefile(5) for the description of the behavior of head when encountering files greater than or equal to 2 Gbyte ( 2 @@ -114,18 +108,14 @@ | Interface Stability | Standard | |_____________________________|_____________________________| + This command conforms to IEEE Std 1003.1-2008. SEE ALSO - cat(1), more(1), pg(1), tail(1), attributes(5), environ(5), - largefile(5), standards(5) + cat(1), ksh93(1), more(1), pg(1), tail(1), tee(1), + attributes(5), environ(5), largefile(5), standards(5), + http://www.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/utilities/head.html - - - - - - SunOS 5.10 Last change: 1 Feb 1995 2 --- join.1.old.txt Tue Apr 21 01:43:08 2009 +++ join.1.new.txt Tue Apr 21 01:43:08 2009 @@ -9,33 +9,37 @@ join - relational database operator SYNOPSIS - join [-a filenumber | -v filenumber] [-1 fieldnumber] - [-2 fieldnumber] [-o list] [-e string] [-t char] file1 file2 + /usr/bin/join + /usr/bin/join [ options ] file1 file2 - join [-a filenumber] [-j fieldnumber] [-j1 fieldnumber] - [-j2 fieldnumber] [-o list] [-e string] [-t char] file1 - file2 + + ksh93 + join [ options ] file1 file2 + DESCRIPTION - The join command forms, on the standard output, a join of - the two relations specified by the lines of file1 and file2. + join performs an equality join on the files file1 and file2 + and writes the resulting joined files to standard output. By + default, a field is delimited by one or more spaces and tabs + with leading spaces and/or tabs ignored. The -t option can be + used to change the field delimiter. - There is one line in the output for each pair of lines in - file1 and file2 that have identical join fields. The output - line normally consists of the common field, then the rest of - the line from file1, then the rest of the line from file2. - This format can be changed by using the -o option (see - below). The -a option can be used to add unmatched lines to - the output. The -v option can be used to output only + The join field is a field in each file on which files are + compared. By default join writes one line in the output for + each pair of lines in files1 and files2 that have identical + join fields. The default output line consists of the join + field, then the remaining fields from file1, then the + remaining fields from file2, but this can be changed with the + -o option. The -a option can be used to add unmatched lines + to the output. The -v option can be used to output only unmatched lines. - The default input field separators are blank, tab, or new- - line. In this case, multiple separators count as one field - separator, and leading separators are ignored. The default - output field separator is a blank. + The files file1 and file2 must be ordered in the collating + sequence of sort -b on the fields on which they are to be + joined otherwise the results are unspecified. - If the input files are not in the appropriate collating - sequence, the results are unspecified. + If either file1 or file2 is -, join uses standard input + starting at the current location. OPTIONS Some of the options below use the argument filenumber. This @@ -42,107 +46,55 @@ argument should be a 1 or a 2 referring to either file1 or file2, respectively. - -a filenumber In addition to the normal output, - produce a line for each unpairable - line in file filenumber, where - filenumber is 1 or 2. If both -a 1 - and -a 2 are specified, all unpair- - able lines will be output. + -e, --empty=string + Replace empty output fields in the list + selected with -o with string. + -o, --output=list + Construct the output line to comprise the + fields specified in a blank or comma + separated list list. Each element in list + consists of a file number (either 1 or 2), a + period, and a field number or 0 representing + the join field. As an obsolete feature + multiple occurrences of -o can be specified. + -t, --separator|tabs=delim + Use delim as the field separator for both + input and output. + -1, --j1=field Join on field field of file1. Fields start at + 1. + -2, --j2=field Join on field field of file2. Fields start at + 1. + -j, --join=field + Equivalent to -1 field -2 field. + -a, --unpairable=fileno + Write a line for each unpairable line in file + fileno, where fileno is either 1 or 2, in + addition to the normal output. If -a options + appear for both 1 and 2, then all unpairable + lines will be output. + -v, --suppress=fileno + Write a line for each unpairable line in file + fileno, where fileno is either 1 or 2, + instead of the normal output. If -v options + appear for both 1 and 2, then all unpairable + lines will be output. + -i, --ignorecase + Ignore case in field comparisons. + -B, --mmap Enable memory mapped reads instead of + buffered. On by default; -B means --nommap. + --man, --html, --nroff + Prints builtin manual page in either plain + text, HTML or nroff format. + --help Prints basic help information + --version Prints version information + The following option forms are also recognized: -j + field is equivalent to -1 field -2 field, -j1 field is + equivalent to -1 field, and -j2 field is equivalent to -2 + field. - -e string Replace empty output fields in the - list selected by option -o with the - string string. - - - - - -SunOS 5.10 Last change: 8 Feb 2000 1 - - - - - - -User Commands join(1) - - - - -j fieldnumber Equivalent to -1fieldnumber -2field- - number. - - - - -j1 fieldnumber Equivalent to -1fieldnumber. - - - - -j2 fieldnumber Equivalent to -2fieldnumber. Fields - are numbered starting with 1. - - - - -o list Each output line includes the fields - specified in list. Fields selected - by list that do not appear in the - input will be treated as empty out- - put fields. (See the -e option.) - Each element of which has the either - the form filenumber.fieldnumber, or - 0, which represents the join field. - The common field is not printed - unless specifically requested. - - - - -t char Use character char as a separator. - Every appearance of char in a line - is significant. The character char - is used as the field separator for - both input and output. With this - option specified, the collating term - should be the same as sort without - the -b option. - - - - -v filenumber Instead of the default output, pro- - duce a line only for each unpairable - line in filenumber, where filenumber - is 1 or 2. If both -v 1 and -v 2 are - specified, all unpairable lines will - be output. - - - - -1 fieldnumber Join on the fieldnumberth field of - file 1. Fields are decimal integers - starting with 1. - - - - - -SunOS 5.10 Last change: 8 Feb 2000 2 - - - - - - -User Commands join(1) - - - - -2fieldnumber Join on the fieldnumberth field of - file 2. Fields are decimal integers - starting with 1. - - - OPERANDS The following operands are supported: @@ -188,21 +140,6 @@ and file fax: - - - - -SunOS 5.10 Last change: 8 Feb 2000 3 - - - - - - -User Commands join(1) - - - !Name Fax Number Don +1 123-456-7899 @@ -254,24 +191,12 @@ | Interface Stability | Standard | |_____________________________|_____________________________| + This command conforms to IEEE Std 1003.1-2008. - - - -SunOS 5.10 Last change: 8 Feb 2000 4 - - - - - - -User Commands join(1) - - - SEE ALSO - awk(1), comm(1), sort(1), uniq(1), attributes(5), - environ(5), largefile(5), standards(5) + awk(1), comm(1), ksh93(1), paste(1), sort(1), uniq(1), + attributes(5), environ(5), largefile(5), standards(5), + http://www.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/utilities/join.html NOTES With default field separation, the collating sequence is @@ -282,49 +207,5 @@ mands are wildly incongruous. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - SunOS 5.10 Last change: 8 Feb 2000 5 - - --- logname.1.old.txt Tue Apr 21 01:43:08 2009 +++ logname.1.new.txt Tue Apr 21 01:43:08 2009 @@ -9,16 +9,28 @@ logname - return user's login name SYNOPSIS - logname + /usr/bin/logname + /usr/bin/logname [ options ] + + ksh93 + logname [ options ] DESCRIPTION - The logname utility will write the user's login name to - standard output. The login name is the string that would be - returned by the getlogin(3C) function. Under the conditions - where getlogin() would fail, logname will write a diagnostic - message to standard error and exit with a non-zero exit - status. + logname writes the users's login name to standard output. The + login name is the string that is returned by the getlogin(2) + function. If getlogin(2) does not return successfully, the + corresponding to the real user id of the calling process is + used instead. +OPTIONS + The following option is supported: + + --man, --html, --nroff + Prints builtin manual page in either plain + text, HTML or nroff format. + --help Prints basic help information + --version Prints version information + ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES See environ(5) for descriptions of the following environment variables that affect the execution of logname: LANG, @@ -51,82 +63,19 @@ ____________________________________________________________ | ATTRIBUTE TYPE | ATTRIBUTE VALUE | |_____________________________|_____________________________| - | Availability | SUNWesu | + | Availability | SUNWcsu | |_____________________________|_____________________________| | Interface Stability | Standard | |_____________________________|_____________________________| + This command conforms to IEEE Std 1003.1-2008. - - - -SunOS 5.10 Last change: 3 Nov 2000 1 - - - - - - -User Commands logname(1) - - - SEE ALSO - env(1), login(1), getlogin(3C), utmpx(4), attributes(5), - environ(5), standards(5) + env(1), ksh93(1), login(1), getlogin(3C), utmpx(4), + attributes(5), environ(5), standards(5), + http://www.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/utilities/logname.html - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - SunOS 5.10 Last change: 3 Nov 2000 2 - - - --- mkfifo.1m.old.txt Tue Apr 21 01:43:08 2009 +++ mkfifo.1m.new.txt Tue Apr 21 01:43:08 2009 @@ -6,10 +6,14 @@ NAME - mkfifo - make FIFO special file + mkfifo - make FIFO special files (named pipes) SYNOPSIS - /usr/bin/mkfifo [-m mode] path... + /usr/bin/mkfifo + /usr/bin/mkfifo [ options ] [file...] + + ksh93 + mkfifo [ options ] [file...] DESCRIPTION The mkfifo utility creates the FIFO special files named by @@ -31,15 +35,16 @@ OPTIONS The following option is supported: - -m mode Sets the file permission bits of the newly-created - FIFO to the specified mode value. The mode option- - argument will be the same as the mode operand - defined for the chmod(1) command. In - strings, the op characters + and - will be inter- - preted relative to an assumed initial mode of a=rw. + -m, --mode=mode Set the mode of created FIFO to mode. mode is + symbolic or octal mode as in chmod(1). + Relative modes assume an initial mode of + a=rw. + --man, --html, --nroff + Prints builtin manual page in either plain + text, HTML or nroff format. + --help Prints basic help information + --version Prints version information - - OPERANDS The following operand is supported: @@ -58,19 +63,6 @@ LC_CTYPE, LC_MESSAGES, and NLSPATH. - - -SunOS 5.10 Last change: 16 Sep 1996 1 - - - - - - -System Administration Commands mkfifo(1M) - - - EXIT STATUS The following exit values are returned: @@ -90,43 +82,18 @@ ____________________________________________________________ | ATTRIBUTE TYPE | ATTRIBUTE VALUE | |_____________________________|_____________________________| - | Availability | SUNWesu | + | Availability | SUNWcsu | |_____________________________|_____________________________| | Interface Stability | Standard | |_____________________________|_____________________________| + This command conforms to IEEE Std 1003.1-2008. SEE ALSO - mkfifo(3C), attributes(5), environ(5), largefile(5), stan- - dards(5) + chmod(1), ksh93(1), umask(1), mknod(1m), mkfifo(3C), + attributes(5), environ(5), largefile(5), standards(5), + http://www.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/utilities/mkfifo.html - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - SunOS 5.10 Last change: 16 Sep 1996 2 - - - --- tail.1.old.txt Tue Apr 21 01:43:08 2009 +++ tail.1.new.txt Tue Apr 21 01:43:08 2009 @@ -9,36 +9,45 @@ tail - deliver the last part of a file SYNOPSIS - /usr/bin/tail [ _s number [lbcr]] [file] + /usr/bin/tail + /usr/bin/tail [ options ] [file...] - /usr/bin/tail [-lbcr] [file] + /usr/xpg4/bin/tail + /usr/xpg4/bin/tail [ options ] [file...] + + ksh93 + tail [ options ] [file...] - /usr/bin/tail [ _ number [lbcf]] [file] +DESCRIPTION + tail copies one or more input files to standard output + starting at a designated point for each file. Copying starts + at the point indicated by the options and is unlimited in + size. - /usr/bin/tail [-lbcf] [file] + By default a header of the form ==> filename <== is output + before all but the first file but this can be changed with + the -q and -v options. - /usr/xpg4/bin/tail [-f | -r] [-c number | -n number] - [file] + If no file is given, or if the file is -, tail copies from + standard input. The start of the file is defined as the + current offset. - /usr/xpg4/bin/tail [ _ number [l | b | c] [f]] [file] + The option argument for -c can optionally be followed by one + of the following characters to specify a different unit other + than a single byte: + b 512 bytes. + k 1-kilobyte. + m 1-megabyte. + + Note that -c counts in bytes and not in characters (which + affects texts using multi-byte characters). - /usr/xpg4/bin/tail [ _ number [l] [f | r] ] [file] + For backwards compatibility, -number is equivalent to -n + number and +number is equivalent to -n -number + + The -b option is obsolete because of the general + non-portability of block-sized units of text. -DESCRIPTION - The tail utility copies the named file to the standard out- - put beginning at a designated place. If no file is named, - the standard input is used. - - Copying begins at a point in the file indicated by the - -cnumber, -nnumber, or _number options (if +number is speci- - fied, begins at distance number from the beginning; if - -number is specified, from the end of the input; if number - is NULL, the value 10 is assumed). number is counted in - units of lines or byte according to the -c or -n options, - or lines, blocks, or bytes, according to the appended option - l, b, or c. When no units are specified, counting is by - lines. - OPTIONS The following options are supported for both /usr/bin/tail and /usr/xpg4/bin/tail. The -r and -f options are mutually @@ -45,98 +54,62 @@ exclusive. If both are specified on the command line, the -f option is ignored. - -b Units of blocks. + -n, --lines=lines + Copy lines lines from each file. A negative + value for lines indicates an offset from the + end of the file. The default value is 10. + -b, --blocks Copy units of 512 bytes (Obsolete). + -c, --bytes[=chars] + Copy chars bytes from each file. A negative + value for chars indicates an offset from the + end of the file. The option value may be + omitted. + -f, --forever|follow + Loop forever trying to read more characters + as the end of each file to copy new data. + Ignored if reading from a pipe or fifo. + -h, --headers Output filename headers. On by default; -h + means --noheaders. + -l, --lines Copy units of lines. This is the default. + -L, --log When a --forever file times out via + --timeout, verify that the curent file has + not been renamed and replaced by another file + of the same name (a common log file practice) + before giving up on the file. + -q, --quiet Don't output filename headers. For GNU + compatibility. + -r, --reverse Output lines in reverse order. + -s, --silent Don't warn about timeout expiration and log + file changes. + -t, --timeout=timeout + Stop checking after timeout elapses with no + additional --forever output. A separate + elapsed time is maintained for each file + operand. There is no timeout by default. The + default timeout unit is seconds. timeout may + be a catenation of 1 or more integers, each + followed by a 1 character suffix. The suffix + may be omitted from the last integer, in + which case it is interpreted as seconds. The + supported suffixes are: + s seconds + m minutes + h hours + d days + w weeks + M months + y years + S scores + -v, --verbose Always ouput filename headers. + --man, --html, --nroff + Prints builtin manual page in either plain + text, HTML or nroff format. + --help Prints basic help information + --version Prints version information + If no options are specified, tail will act as if -n 10 had + been specified. - - -c Units of bytes. - - - - -f Follow. If the input-file is not a pipe, the pro- - gram does not terminate after the line of the - input-file has been copied, but enters an endless - loop, wherein it sleeps for a second and then - - - -SunOS 5.10 Last change: 13 Jul 2005 1 - - - - - - -User Commands tail(1) - - - - attempts to read and copy further records from the - input-file. Thus it can be used to monitor the - growth of a file that is being written by some - other process. - - - - -l Units of lines. - - - - -r Reverse. Copies lines from the specified starting - point in the file in reverse order. The default for - r is to print the entire file in reverse order. - - - - /usr/xpg4/bin/tail - The following options are supported for /usr/xpg4/bin/tail - only: - - -c number The number option-argument must be a decimal - integer whose sign affects the location in - the file, measured in bytes, to begin the - copying: - - - + Copying starts relative to the - beginning of the file. - - - - - - Copying starts relative to the end - of the file. - - - - none Copying starts relative to the end - of the file. - - - The origin for counting is 1; that is, -c+1 - represents the first byte of the file, -c-1 - the last. - - - -n number Equivalent to -cnumber, except the starting - location in the file is measured in lines - instead of bytes. The origin for counting is - 1. That is, -n+1 represents the first line - of the file, -n-1 the last. - - - -SunOS 5.10 Last change: 13 Jul 2005 2 - - - - - - -User Commands tail(1) - - - OPERANDS The following operand is supported: @@ -187,22 +160,6 @@ /usr/bin/tail - - - - - -SunOS 5.10 Last change: 13 Jul 2005 3 - - - - - - -User Commands tail(1) - - - ____________________________________________________________ | ATTRIBUTE TYPE | ATTRIBUTE VALUE | |_____________________________|_____________________________| @@ -210,6 +167,8 @@ |_____________________________|_____________________________| | CSI | Enabled | |_____________________________|_____________________________| + | Interface Stability | See below | + |_____________________________|_____________________________| /usr/xpg4/bin/tail @@ -220,13 +179,20 @@ |_____________________________|_____________________________| | CSI | Enabled | |_____________________________|_____________________________| - | Interface Stability | Standard | + | Interface Stability | See below | |_____________________________|_____________________________| + The interface stabilty of /usr/bin/tail and + /usr/xpg4/bin/tail is Committed except for the command-line + options -q/--quiet which are Uncommited and options + -b/--blocks which are Commited Obsolete. + This command conforms to IEEE Std 1003.1-2008. + SEE ALSO - cat(1), head(1), more(1), pg(1), dd(1M), attributes(5), - environ(5), largefile(5), standards(5) + cat(1), head(1), ksh93(1), more(1), pg(1), tee(1), dd(1M), + attributes(5), environ(5), largefile(5), standards(5), + http://www.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/utilities/tail.html NOTES Piped tails relative to the end of the file are stored in a @@ -234,29 +200,6 @@ anomalous behavior can happen with character special files. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - SunOS 5.10 Last change: 13 Jul 2005 4 --- tee.1.old.txt Tue Apr 21 01:43:08 2009 +++ tee.1.new.txt Tue Apr 21 01:43:08 2009 @@ -9,31 +9,43 @@ tee - replicate the standard output SYNOPSIS - tee [-ai] [file...] + /usr/bin/tee + /usr/bin/tee [ options ] [file...] + + ksh93 + tee [ options ] [file...] DESCRIPTION - The tee utility will copy standard input to standard output, - making a copy in zero or more files. tee will not buffer its - output. The options determine if the specified files are - overwritten or appended to. + tee copies standard input to standard output and to zero or + more files. The options determine whether the specified files + are overwritten or appended to. The tee utility does not + buffer output. If writes to any file fail, writes to other + files continue although tee will exit with a non-zero exit + status. + The number of file operands that can be specified is limited + by the underlying operating system. + OPTIONS - The following options are supported. + The following options are supported: - -a Appends the output to the files rather than - overwriting them. + -a, --append Append the standard input to the given files + rather than overwriting them. + -i, --ignore-interrupts + Ignore SIGINT signal. + -l, --linebuffer + Set the standard output to be line buffered + --man, --html, --nroff + Prints builtin manual page in either plain + text, HTML or nroff format. + --help Prints basic help information + --version Prints version information - - -i Ignores interrupts. - - - OPERANDS The following operands are supported: - file A path name of an output file. Processing of at - least 13 file operands will be supported. + file A path name of an output file. @@ -85,48 +97,13 @@ | Interface Stability | Standard | |_____________________________|_____________________________| + This command conforms to IEEE Std 1003.1-2008. SEE ALSO - cat(1), attributes(5), environ(5), largefile(5), stan- - dards(5) + cat(1), head(1), ksh93(1), tail(1), attributes(5), + environ(5), largefile(5), standards(5), + http://www.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/utilities/tee.html - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - SunOS 5.10 Last change: 20 Dec 1996 2 - - -