Headers unistd.h(3HEAD) NAME unistd.h, unistd - standard symbolic constants and types SYNOPSIS #include DESCRIPTION The header defines the symbolic constants and structures which are not already defined or declared in some other header. The contents of this header are shown below. Version Test Macros The following symbolic constants are defined (with fixed values): _POSIX_VERSION Integer value indicating version of the POSIX standard (C language bind- ing). See standards(5). _POSIX2_VERSION Integer value indicating version of the POSIX.2 standard (Commands). _POSIX2_C_VERSION Integer value indicating version of the POSIX.2 standard (C language bind- ing). _XOPEN_VERSION Integer value indicating version of the XPG to which system conforms. _XOPEN_XCU_VERSION Integer value indicating the version of the XCU specification to which the implementation conforms. If this con- stant is not defined, use the sysconf(3C) function to determine which features are supported. This constant is not defined for the SUSv3 environment. Mandatory Symbolic Constants The following symbolic constants, if defined in , have a value of -1, 0, or greater, unless otherwise speci- fied below. If these are undefined, the fpathconf(2), path- conf(2), or sysconf(3C) functions can be used to determine whether the option is provided for a particular invocation of the application. SunOS 5.11 Last change: 16 Dec 2003 1 Headers unistd.h(3HEAD) If a symbolic constant is defined with the value -1, the option is not supported. Headers, data types, and function interfaces required only for the option need not be sup- plied. An application that attempts to use anything associ- ated only with the option is considered to be requiring an extension. If a symbolic constant is defined with a value greater than zero, the option is always supported when the application is executed. All headers, data types, and functions are present and operate as specified. If a symbolic constant is defined with the value zero, all headers, data types, and functions are present. The applica- tion can check at runtime to see whether the option is sup- ported by calling fpathconf(), pathconf(), or sysconf() with the indicated name parameter. Unless explicitly specified otherwise, the behavior of func- tions associated with an unsupported option is unspecified, and an application that uses such functions without first checking fpathconf(), pathconf(), or sysconf() is considered to be requiring an extension. _POSIX_ADVISORY_INFO Implementation supports the Advisory Information option. _POSIX_ASYNCHRONOUS_IO Implementation supports the Asynchronous Input and Out- put option. _POSIX_BARRIERS Implementation supports the Barriers option. _POSIX_CLOCK_SELECTION Implementation supports the Clock Selection option. _POSIX_CPUTIME Implementation supports the Process CPU-Time Clocks option. SunOS 5.11 Last change: 16 Dec 2003 2 Headers unistd.h(3HEAD) _POSIX_FSYNC Implementation supports the File Synchronisation option. _POSIX_IPV6 Implementation supports the IPv6 option. _POSIX_JOB_CONTROL Implementation supports job control. _POSIX_MAPPED_FILES Implementation supports the Memory Mapped Files option. _POSIX_MEMLOCK Implementation supports the Process Memory Locking option. _POSIX_MEMLOCK_RANGE Implementation supports the Range Memory Locking option. _POSIX_MEMORY_PROTECTION Implementation supports the Memory Protection option. _POSIX_MESSAGE_PASSING Implementation supports the Message Passing option. _POSIX_MONOTONIC_CLOCK Implementation supports the Monotonic Clock option. _POSIX_PRIORITY_SCHEDULING Implementation supports the Process Scheduling option. SunOS 5.11 Last change: 16 Dec 2003 3 Headers unistd.h(3HEAD) _POSIX_RAW_SOCKETS Implementation supports the Raw Sockets option. _POSIX_READER_WRITER_LOCKS Implementation supports the Read-Write Locks option. _POSIX_REALTIME_SIGNALS Implementation supports the Realtime Signals Extension option. _POSIX_REGEXP Implementation supports the Regular Expression Handling option. _POSIX_SAVED_IDS The exec functions (see exec(2)) save the effective user and group. _POSIX_SEMAPHORES Implementation supports the Semaphores option. _POSIX_SHARED_MEMORY_OBJECTS Implementation supports the Shared Memory Objects option. _POSIX_SHELL Implementation supports the POSIX shell. _POSIX_SPAWN Implementation supports the Spawn option. _POSIX_SPIN_LOCKS Implementation supports the Spin Locks option. SunOS 5.11 Last change: 16 Dec 2003 4 Headers unistd.h(3HEAD) _POSIX_SPORADIC_SERVER Implementation supports the Process Sporadic Server option. _POSIX_SYNCHRONIZED_IO Implementation supports the Synchronized Input and Out- put option. _POSIX_THREAD_ATTR_STACKADDR Implementation supports the thread stack address attri- bute option. _POSIX_THREAD_ATTR_STACKSIZE Implementation supports the thread stack size attribute option. _POSIX_THREAD_CPUTIME Implementation supports the Thread CPU-Time Clocks option. _POSIX_THREAD_PROCESS_SHARED Implementation supports the process-shared synchroniza- tion option. _POSIX_THREAD_SAFE_FUNCTIONS Implementation supports the thread-safe functions option. _POSIX_THREAD_SPORADIC_SERVER Implementation supports the Thread Sporadic Server option. _POSIX_THREADS Implementation supports the threads option. SunOS 5.11 Last change: 16 Dec 2003 5 Headers unistd.h(3HEAD) _POSIX_TIMERS Implementation supports the Timers option. _POSIX_TIMEOUTS Implementation supports the Timeouts option. _POSIX_TRACE Implementation supports the Trace option. _POSIX_TRACE_EVENT_FILTER Implementation supports the Trace Event Filter option. _POSIX_TRACE_INHERIT Implementation supports the Trace Inherit option. _POSIX_TRACE_LOG Implementation supports the Trace Log option. _POSIX_TYPED_MEMORY_OBJECTS Implementation supports the Typed Memory Objects option. _POSIX_V6_ILP32_OFF32 Implementation provides a C-language compilation environment with 32-bit int, long, and pointer types and an off_t type using at least 64 bits. _POSIX_V6_ILP32_OFFBIG Implementation provides a C-language compilation environment with 32-bit int, long, and pointer types and an off_t type using at least 64 bits. _POSIX_V6_LP64_OFF64 Implementation provides a C-language compilation SunOS 5.11 Last change: 16 Dec 2003 6 Headers unistd.h(3HEAD) environment with 32-bit int and 64-bit long, pointer, and off_t types. _POSIX_V6_LPBIG_OFFBIG Implementation provides a C-language compilation environment with an int type using at least 32 bits and long, pointer, and off_t types using at least 64 bits. _POSIX_XOPEN_STREAMS Implementation supports the XSI STREAMS Option Group. _POSIX2_C_BIND Implementation supports the C Language Binding option. _POSIX2_C_DEV Implementation supports the C Language Development Util- ities option. _POSIX2_CHAR_TERM Implementation supports at least one terminal type. _POSIX2_LOCALEDEF Implementation supports the creation of locales by the localedef(1) utility. _POSIX2_PBS Implementation supports the Batch Environment Services and Utilities option. _POSIX2_PBS_ACCOUNTING Implementation supports the Batch Accounting option. _POSIX2_PBS_CHECKPOINT Implementation supports the Batch Checkpoint/Restart SunOS 5.11 Last change: 16 Dec 2003 7 Headers unistd.h(3HEAD) option. _POSIX2_PBS_LOCATE Implementation supports the Locate Batch Job Request option. _POSIX2_PBS_MESSAGE Implementation supports the Batch Job Message Request option. _POSIX2_PBS_TRACK Implementation supports the Track Batch Job Request option. _POSIX2_SW_DEV Implementation supports the Software Development Utili- ties option. _POSIX2_UPE Implementation supports the User Portability Utilities option. _XBS5_ILP32_OFF32 Implementation provides a C-language compilation environment with 32-bit int, long, pointer and off_t types. _XBS5_ILP32_OFFBIG Implementation provides a C-language compilation environment with 32-bit int, long and pointer types and an off_t type using at least 64 bits. _XBS5_LP64_OFF64 Implementation provides a C-language compilation environment with 32-bit int and 64-bit long, pointer and off_t types. SunOS 5.11 Last change: 16 Dec 2003 8 Headers unistd.h(3HEAD) _XBS5_LPBIG_OFFBIG Implementation provides a C-language compilation environment with an int type using at least 32 bits and long, pointer and off_t types using at least 64 bits. _XOPEN_ENH_I18N Implementation supports the Issue 4, Version 2 Enhanced Internationalization Feature Group. _XOPEN_LEGACY Implementation supports the Legacy Feature Group. _XOPEN_REALTIME Implementation supports the X/Open Realtime Feature Group. _XOPEN_SHM Implementation supports the Issue 4, Version 2 Shared Memory Feature Group. _XOPEN_UNIX X/Open CAE Specification, January 1997, System Inter- faces and Headers, Issue 5 (ISBN: 1-85912-181-0, C606). _XOPEN_XPG3 X/Open Specification, February 1992, System Interfaces and Headers, Issue 3 (ISBN: 1-872630-37-5, C212); this specification was formerly X/Open Portability Guide, Issue 3, Volume 2, January 1989, XSI System Interface and Headers (ISBN: 0-13-685843-0, XO/XPG/89/003). _XOPEN_XPG4 X/Open CAE Specification, July 1992, System Interfaces and Headers, Issue 4 (ISBN: 1-872630-47-2, C202). SunOS 5.11 Last change: 16 Dec 2003 9 Headers unistd.h(3HEAD) Execution-time Symbolic Constants If any of the following constants are not defined in the header , the value varies depending on the file to which it is applied. If any of the following constants are defined to have value -1 in the header , the implementation will not provide the option on any file; if any are defined to have a value other than -1 in the header , the implemen- tation will provide the option on all applicable files. All of the following constants, whether defined in or not, can be queried with respect to a specific file using the pathconf() or fpathconf() functions. _POSIX_ASYNC_IO Asynchronous input or output operations can be performed for the associated file. _POSIX_PRIO_IO Prioritized input or output operations can be performed for the associated file. _POSIX_SYNC_IO Synchronized input or output operations can be performed for the associated file. Constants for Functions The following constant is defined: NULL Null pointer. The following symbolic constants are defined for the access(2) function: R_OK Test for read permission. W_OK Test for write permission. X_OK Test for execute (search) permission. F_OK Test for existence of file. SunOS 5.11 Last change: 16 Dec 2003 10 Headers unistd.h(3HEAD) The constants F_OK, R_OK, W_OK, and X_OK, and the expres- sions R_OK|W_OK, R_OK|X_OK, and R_OK|W_OK|X_OK all have dis- tinct values. The following symbolic constants are defined for the lockf(3C) function: F_ULOCK Unlock a previously locked region. F_LOCK Lock a region for exclusive use. F_TLOCK Test and lock a region for exclusive use. F_TEST Test a region for other processes locks. The following symbolic constants are defined for the lseek(2) and fcntl(2) functions (they have distinct values): SEEK_SET Set file offset to offset. SEEK_CUR Set file offset to current plus offset. SEEK_END Set file offset to EOF plus offset. The following symbolic constants are defined for the confstr(3C) function for both SPARC and x86: _CS_LFS64_CFLAGS _CS_LFS64_LDFLAGS _CS_LFS64_LIBS _CS_LFS64_LINTFLAGS _CS_LFS_CFLAGS _CS_LFS_LDFLAGS _CS_LFS_LIBS _CS_LFS_LINTFLAGS _CS_PATH _CS_POSIX_V6_ILP32_OFF32_CFLAGS _CS_POSIX_V6_ILP32_OFF32_LDFLAGS _CS_POSIX_V6_ILP32_OFF32_LIBS _CS_POSIX_V6_ILP32_OFF32_LINTFLAGS _CS_POSIX_V6_ILP32_OFFBIG_CFLAGS _CS_POSIX_V6_ILP32_OFFBIG_LDFLAGS _CS_POSIX_V6_ILP32_OFFBIG_LIBS _CS_POSIX_V6_ILP32_OFFBIG_LINTFLAGS _CS_POSIX_V6_WIDTH_RESTRICTED_ENV _CS_XBS5_ILP32_OFF32_CFLAGS _CS_XBS5_ILP32_OFF32_LDFLAGS _CS_XBS5_ILP32_OFF32_LIBS _CS_XBS5_ILP32_OFF32_LINTFLAGS _CS_XBS5_ILP32_OFFBIG_CFLAGS _CS_XBS5_ILP32_OFFBIG_LDFLAGS _CS_XBS5_ILP32_OFFBIG_LIBS _CS_XBS5_ILP32_OFFBIG_LINTFLAGS SunOS 5.11 Last change: 16 Dec 2003 11 Headers unistd.h(3HEAD) The followwing symbolic constants are defined for the confstr() function for SPARC only: _CS_POSIX_V6_LP64_OFF64_CFLAGS _CS_POSIX_V6_LP64_OFF64_LDFLAGS _CS_POSIX_V6_LP64_OFF64_LIBS _CS_POSIX_V6_LP64_OFF64_LINTFLAGS _CS_POSIX_V6_LPBIG_OFFBIG_CFLAGS _CS_POSIX_V6_LPBIG_OFFBIG_LDFLAGS _CS_POSIX_V6_LPBIG_OFFBIG_LIBS _CS_POSIX_V6_LPBIG_OFFBIG_LINTFLAGS _CS_XBS5_LP64_OFF64_CFLAGS _CS_XBS5_LP64_OFF64_LDFLAGS _CS_XBS5_LP64_OFF64_LIBS _CS_XBS5_LP64_OFF64_LINTFLAGS _CS_XBS5_LPBIG_OFFBIG_CFLAGS _CS_XBS5_LPBIG_OFFBIG_LDFLAGS _CS_XBS5_LPBIG_OFFBIG_LIBS _CS_XBS5_LPBIG_OFFBIG_LINTFLAGS The following symbolic constants are defined for the sysconf(3C) function: _SC_2_C_BIND _SC_2_C_DEV _SC_2_C_VERSION _SC_2_FORT_DEV _SC_2_FORT_RUN _SC_2_LOCALEDEF _SC_2_PBS _SC_2_PBS_ACCOUNTING _SC_2_PBS_CHECKPOINT _SC_2_PBS_LOCATE _SC_2_PBS_MESSAGE _SC_2_PBS_TRACK _SC_2_SW_DEV _SC_2_UPE _SC_2_VERSION _SC_ADVISORY_INFO _SC_AIO_LISTIO_MAX _SC_AIO_MAX _SC_AIO_PRIO_DELTA_MAX _SC_ARG_MAX _SC_ASYNCHRONOUS_IO _SC_ATEXIT_MAX _SC_AVPHYS_PAGES _SC_BARRIERS _SC_BC_BASE_MAX _SC_BC_DIM_MAX _SC_BC_SCALE_MAX _SC_BC_STRING_MAX _SC_CHILD_MAX _SC_CLK_TCK _SC_CLOCK_SELECTION _SC_COLL_WEIGHTS_MAX _SC_CPUTIME _SC_DELAYTIMER_MAX _SC_EXPR_NEST_MAX _SC_FSYNC _SC_GETGR_R_SIZE_MAX _SC_GETPW_R_SIZE_MAX _SC_HOST_NAME_MAX _SC_IOV_MAX _SC_IPV6 _SC_JOB_CONTROL _SC_LINE_MAX _SC_LOGIN_NAME_MAX _SC_LOGNAME_MAX _SC_MAPPED_FILES _SC_MEMLOCK _SC_MEMLOCK_RANGE _SC_MEMORY_PROTECTION _SC_MESSAGE_PASSING _SC_MONOTONIC_CLOCK _SC_MQ_OPEN_MAX _SC_MQ_PRIO_MAX _SC_NGROUPS_MAX _SC_NPROCESSORS_CONF _SC_NPROCESSORS_ONLN _SC_OPEN_MAX _SC_PAGESIZE _SC_PAGE_SIZE _SC_PASS_MAX _SC_PHYS_PAGES _SC_PRIORITIZED_IO SunOS 5.11 Last change: 16 Dec 2003 12 Headers unistd.h(3HEAD) _SC_PRIORITY_SCHEDULING _SC_RAW_SOCKETS _SC_READER_WRITER_LOCKS _SC_REALTIME_SIGNALS _SC_REGEXP _SC_RE_DUP_MAX _SC_RTSIG_MAX _SC_SAVED_IDS _SC_SEMAPHORES _SC_SEM_NSEMS_MAX _SC_SEM_VALUE_MAX _SC_SHARED_MEMORY_OBJECTS _SC_SHELL _SC_SIGQUEUE_MAX _SC_SPAWN _SC_SPIN_LOCKS _SC_SPORADIC_SERVER _SC_SS_REPL_MAX _SC_STREAM_MAX _SC_SYMLOOP_MAX _SC_SYNCHRONIZED_IO _SC_THREAD_ATTR_STACKADDR _SC_THREAD_ATTR_STACKSIZE _SC_THREAD_CPUTIME _SC_THREAD_DESTRUCTOR_ITERATIONS _SC_THREAD_KEYS_MAX _SC_THREAD_PRIO_INHERIT _SC_THREAD_PRIO_PROTECT _SC_THREAD_PRIORITY_SCHEDULING _SC_THREAD_PROCESS_SHARED _SC_THREAD_SPORADIC_SERVER _SC_THREADS _SC_THREAD_SAFE_FUNCTIONS _SC_THREAD_STACK_MIN _SC_THREAD_THREADS_MAX _SC_TIMEOUTS _SC_TIMER_MAX _SC_TIMERS _SC_TRACE _SC_TRACE_EVENT_FILTER _SC_TRACE_EVENT_NAME_MAX _SC_TRACE_INHERIT _SC_TRACE_LOG _SC_TRACE_NAME_MAX _SC_TRACE_SYS_MAX _SC_TRACE_USER_EVENT_MAX _SC_TTY_NAME_MAX _SC_TYPED_MEMORY_OBJECTS _SC_TZNAME_MAX _SC_V6_ILP32_OFF32 _SC_V6_ILP32_OFFBIG _SC_V6_LP64_OFF64 _SC_V6_LPBIG_OFFBIG _SC_VERSION _SC_XBS5_ILP32_OFF32 _SC_XBS5_ILP32_OFFBIG _SC_XBS5_LP64_OFF64 _SC_XBS5_LPBIG_OFFBIG _SC_XOPEN_CRYPT _SC_XOPEN_ENH_I18N _SC_XOPEN_SHM _SC_XOPEN_STREAMS _SC_XOPEN_UNIX _SC_XOPEN_VERSION _SC_XOPEN_XCU_VERSION The constants _SC_PAGESIZE and _SC_PAGE_SIZE can be defined to have the same value. The following symbolic constants are defined for the fpath- conf(2) function: _PC_2_SYMLINKS _PC_ALLOC_SIZE_MIN _PC_ASYNC_IO _PC_CHOWN_RESTRICTED _PC_FILESIZEBITS _PC_LINK_MAX _PC_MAX_CANON _PC_MAX_INPUT _PC_NAME_MAX _PC_NO_TRUNC _PC_PATH_MAX _PC_PIPE_BUF _PC_PRIO_IO _PC_REC_INCR_XFER_SIZE SunOS 5.11 Last change: 16 Dec 2003 13 Headers unistd.h(3HEAD) _PC_REC_MAX_XFER_SIZE _PC_REC_MIN_XFER_SIZE _PC_REC_XFER_ALIGN _PC_SYMLINK_MAX _PC_SYNC_IO _PC_VDISABLE _PC_TIMESTAMP_RESOLUTION _PC_XATTR_ENABLED _PC_XATTR_EXISTS The following symbolic constants are defined for file streams: STDIN_FILENO File number (0) of stdin. STDOUT_FILENO File number (1) of stout. STDERR_FILENO File number (2) of stderr. The following pathnames are defined: GF_PATH Pathname of the group file. PF_PATH Pathname of the passwd file. ATTRIBUTES See attributes(5) for descriptions of the following attri- butes: ____________________________________________________________ | ATTRIBUTE TYPE | ATTRIBUTE VALUE | |_____________________________|_____________________________| | Interface Stability | Standard | |_____________________________|_____________________________| SEE ALSO access(2), exec(2), fcntl(2), fpathconf(2), lseek(2), confstr(3C), lockf(3C), sysconf(3C), termios(3C), group(4), passwd(4), attributes(5), standards(5), termio(7I) SunOS 5.11 Last change: 16 Dec 2003 14