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Date: Fri, 25 Sep 2009 10:14:21 -0700 (PDT)
From: Suhasini Peddada <suha@sac.sfbay.sun.com>
Subject: Timezone cache renewal [PSARC/2009/516 FastTrack timeout 10/02/2009]
To: PSARC-ext@sun.com
Cc: Nobutomo.Nakano@sun.com
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I am submitting the fasttrak for Nobutomo and seeking a patch binding. Time out is Oct 2nd, 2009.

Thanks,
-Suha

Template Version: @(#)sac_nextcase 1.68 02/23/09 SMI
This information is Copyright 2009 Sun Microsystems
1. Introduction
    1.1. Project/Component Working Name:
	 Timezone cache renewal
    1.2. Name of Document Author/Supplier:
	 Author:  Nobutomo Nakano
    1.3  Date of This Document:
	25 September, 2009
4. Technical Description

Name
----
Timezone cache renewal in ctime(3C) (aka No reboot on timezone update)

Background
----------
Timezone patches contain the updates of the zoneinfo database files.

Internally libc caches the timezone information and never rereads
it. This means that when the timezone patches are applied and updates
are made to the zoneinfo database, files they are not activated until
the system is rebooted or the various process that use the timezone
information are restarted.

The impact of a reboot for the changes in the timezone is significant
especially for those customers with many Sun servers running many 
domains.

Customers have requested that when applying timezone patches, a
reboot is not required.  To satisfy the requirement, the timezone
code could check if the zoneinfo database files have been updated
since the last time by issuing the stat(2) system call. However, as
stat() is an expensive system call, the addition of the stat() call
would result in a great performance regression in the timezone code
in libc. Therefore, a more efficient method that notifies libc that
the zoneinfo database has been updated needs to be introduced.

Proposal
--------
All the ctime(3C) and mktime(3C) functions will use a semaphore on
per zone shared memory pages. The semaphore can be attached to process
by using mmap(2) to a software driver. The software driver allows
mmap() to attach the shared memory page for semaphore, and also allows
a privileged ioctl (requires PRIV_PROC_OWNER) to modify the memory
contents(semaphore) for the zone. The software driver also allows to
modify the memory contents for all zones (additionally requires
PRIV_PROC_ZONE). The reason for using a software driver is solely to
protect the shared memory from being released, invalidated or corrupted.

The ctime(3C) and mktime(3C) functions will test the semaphore before
using cache'd timezone information and, if it has changed, purge the
cache and re-read the zoneinfo file. No privilege is required to
test the semaphore. If the libc failed to open the device file,
ctime(3C) and mktime(3C) will not cache the timezone information.

When zoneinfo database files are updated, a new utility tzreload(1M)
can be executed, by a privileged user, to propagate the change (update
the semaphore status on the shared memory). All subsequent calls to
ctime(3C) functions from any processes within the system will reread
the updated zoneinfo database file. tzreload command will be added to
the "Process Management" RBAC profile.

Interfaces
----------
NAME			STABILITY		DESCRIPTION
-------------------------------------------------------------------
TZSYNCIOC_INC		Consolidation Private	ioctl to increment
						semaphore value.
TZSYNCIOC_INC_ALL_ZONES Consolidation Private	ioctl to increment
						semaphore value in all
						zones.
/dev/tzsync		Uncommitted		A device driver file to be
                                                used to mmap the semaphore
                                                memory.
/usr/sbin/tzreload	Committed		man page tzreload(1M)

Release
-------
A patch binding is requested.

Bug/RFEs
-------
6751272 RFE: Solaris timezone patches should not require reboot


6. Resources and Schedule
    6.4. Steering Committee requested information
   	6.4.1. Consolidation C-team Name:
		on
    6.5. ARC review type: FastTrack
    6.6. ARC Exposure: open


From gdamore@sun.com Fri Sep 25 10:37:00 2009
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Date: Fri, 25 Sep 2009 10:36:53 -0700
From: "Garrett D'Amore" <gdamore@sun.com>
Subject: Re: Timezone cache renewal [PSARC/2009/516 FastTrack timeout
 10/02/2009]
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Sender: Garrett.Damore@sun.com
To: Suhasini Peddada <suha@sac.sfbay.sun.com>
Cc: PSARC-ext@sun.com, Nobutomo.Nakano@sun.com
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+1.

Failure to cache tz information if the service isn't available may have 
a negative performance impact, but since this isn't supposed to be the 
normal case, I suppose it is acceptable.

    - Garrett

Suhasini Peddada wrote:
> I am submitting the fasttrak for Nobutomo and seeking a patch binding. Time out is Oct 2nd, 2009.
>
> Thanks,
> -Suha
>
> Template Version: @(#)sac_nextcase 1.68 02/23/09 SMI
> This information is Copyright 2009 Sun Microsystems
> 1. Introduction
>     1.1. Project/Component Working Name:
> 	 Timezone cache renewal
>     1.2. Name of Document Author/Supplier:
> 	 Author:  Nobutomo Nakano
>     1.3  Date of This Document:
> 	25 September, 2009
> 4. Technical Description
>
> Name
> ----
> Timezone cache renewal in ctime(3C) (aka No reboot on timezone update)
>
> Background
> ----------
> Timezone patches contain the updates of the zoneinfo database files.
>
> Internally libc caches the timezone information and never rereads
> it. This means that when the timezone patches are applied and updates
> are made to the zoneinfo database, files they are not activated until
> the system is rebooted or the various process that use the timezone
> information are restarted.
>
> The impact of a reboot for the changes in the timezone is significant
> especially for those customers with many Sun servers running many 
> domains.
>
> Customers have requested that when applying timezone patches, a
> reboot is not required.  To satisfy the requirement, the timezone
> code could check if the zoneinfo database files have been updated
> since the last time by issuing the stat(2) system call. However, as
> stat() is an expensive system call, the addition of the stat() call
> would result in a great performance regression in the timezone code
> in libc. Therefore, a more efficient method that notifies libc that
> the zoneinfo database has been updated needs to be introduced.
>
> Proposal
> --------
> All the ctime(3C) and mktime(3C) functions will use a semaphore on
> per zone shared memory pages. The semaphore can be attached to process
> by using mmap(2) to a software driver. The software driver allows
> mmap() to attach the shared memory page for semaphore, and also allows
> a privileged ioctl (requires PRIV_PROC_OWNER) to modify the memory
> contents(semaphore) for the zone. The software driver also allows to
> modify the memory contents for all zones (additionally requires
> PRIV_PROC_ZONE). The reason for using a software driver is solely to
> protect the shared memory from being released, invalidated or corrupted.
>
> The ctime(3C) and mktime(3C) functions will test the semaphore before
> using cache'd timezone information and, if it has changed, purge the
> cache and re-read the zoneinfo file. No privilege is required to
> test the semaphore. If the libc failed to open the device file,
> ctime(3C) and mktime(3C) will not cache the timezone information.
>
> When zoneinfo database files are updated, a new utility tzreload(1M)
> can be executed, by a privileged user, to propagate the change (update
> the semaphore status on the shared memory). All subsequent calls to
> ctime(3C) functions from any processes within the system will reread
> the updated zoneinfo database file. tzreload command will be added to
> the "Process Management" RBAC profile.
>
> Interfaces
> ----------
> NAME			STABILITY		DESCRIPTION
> -------------------------------------------------------------------
> TZSYNCIOC_INC		Consolidation Private	ioctl to increment
> 						semaphore value.
> TZSYNCIOC_INC_ALL_ZONES Consolidation Private	ioctl to increment
> 						semaphore value in all
> 						zones.
> /dev/tzsync		Uncommitted		A device driver file to be
>                                                 used to mmap the semaphore
>                                                 memory.
> /usr/sbin/tzreload	Committed		man page tzreload(1M)
>
> Release
> -------
> A patch binding is requested.
>
> Bug/RFEs
> -------
> 6751272 RFE: Solaris timezone patches should not require reboot
>
>
> 6. Resources and Schedule
>     6.4. Steering Committee requested information
>    	6.4.1. Consolidation C-team Name:
> 		on
>     6.5. ARC review type: FastTrack
>     6.6. ARC Exposure: open
>
>   


From Nicolas.Williams@sun.com Fri Sep 25 11:16:33 2009
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Date: Fri, 25 Sep 2009 13:12:49 -0500
From: Nicolas Williams <Nicolas.Williams@sun.com>
Subject: Re: Timezone cache renewal [PSARC/2009/516 FastTrack timeout
 10/02/2009]
In-reply-to: <200909251714.n8PHELm8011990@sac.sfbay.sun.com>
To: Suhasini Peddada <suha@sac.sfbay.sun.com>
Cc: PSARC-ext@sun.com, Nobutomo.Nakano@sun.com
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If the number of signals we have were not limited, I'd say it'd be
better to use a signal for this as it seems likely to be faster to setup
on exec than an mmap segment, it seems like a more generic scheme, and
it seems simpler overall than adding a special driver.

It'd sure be nice to have a VMS-like AST facility...

Nico
-- 

From Suhasini.Peddada@sun.com Fri Sep 25 11:36:19 2009
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Date: Fri, 25 Sep 2009 11:36:12 -0700
From: Suhasini Peddada <Suhasini.Peddada@sun.com>
Subject: Re: Timezone cache renewal [PSARC/2009/516 FastTrack timeout
 10/02/2009]
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Hi Nobutomo,

Can you please comment on Nico's questions given below?

Thanks,
-Suha

On 09/25/09 11:12, Nicolas Williams wrote:
> If the number of signals we have were not limited, I'd say it'd be
> better to use a signal for this as it seems likely to be faster to setup
> on exec than an mmap segment, it seems like a more generic scheme, and
> it seems simpler overall than adding a special driver.
> 
> It'd sure be nice to have a VMS-like AST facility...
> 
> Nico


From Nicolas.Williams@sun.com Fri Sep 25 11:40:27 2009
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Date: Fri, 25 Sep 2009 13:36:39 -0500
From: Nicolas Williams <Nicolas.Williams@sun.com>
Subject: Re: Timezone cache renewal [PSARC/2009/516 FastTrack timeout
 10/02/2009]
In-reply-to: <4ABD0D9C.605@sun.com>
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On Fri, Sep 25, 2009 at 11:36:12AM -0700, Suhasini Peddada wrote:
> Can you please comment on Nico's questions given below?

No need really.  My comment was more of a lament.

Thanks.

From Suhasini.Peddada@sun.com Fri Sep 25 11:49:42 2009
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Date: Fri, 25 Sep 2009 11:49:36 -0700
From: Suhasini Peddada <Suhasini.Peddada@sun.com>
Subject: Re: Timezone cache renewal [PSARC/2009/516 FastTrack timeout
 10/02/2009]
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Hi Nico,

On 09/25/09 11:36, Nicolas Williams wrote:
> On Fri, Sep 25, 2009 at 11:36:12AM -0700, Suhasini Peddada wrote:
>> Can you please comment on Nico's questions given below?
> 
> No need really.  My comment was more of a lament.
> 

O.k. Thanks. :-)

-Suha



From casper@holland.sun.com Sat Sep 26 04:25:12 2009
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Date: Sat, 26 Sep 2009 13:25:04 +0200
From: Casper.Dik@sun.com
Subject: Re: Timezone cache renewal [PSARC/2009/516 FastTrack timeout
 10/02/2009]
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>Template Version: @(#)sac_nextcase 1.68 02/23/09 SMI
>This information is Copyright 2009 Sun Microsystems
>1. Introduction
>    1.1. Project/Component Working Name:
>	 Timezone cache renewal
>    1.2. Name of Document Author/Supplier:
>	 Author:  Nobutomo Nakano
>    1.3  Date of This Document:
>	25 September, 2009
>4. Technical Description
>
>Name
>----
>Timezone cache renewal in ctime(3C) (aka No reboot on timezone update)
>
>Background
>----------
>Timezone patches contain the updates of the zoneinfo database files.
>
>Internally libc caches the timezone information and never rereads
>it. This means that when the timezone patches are applied and updates
>are made to the zoneinfo database, files they are not activated until
>the system is rebooted or the various process that use the timezone
>information are restarted.
>
>The impact of a reboot for the changes in the timezone is significant
>especially for those customers with many Sun servers running many 
>domains.
>

Now that we have this large mechanism to update the timezone information,
I'm missing a number of things:

	it appears not to be possible to change the timezone dynamically;
	there are customers who want this.  In the initial implementation 
	of Olson's code uses a link called "localtime" and with a broadcast
	mechanism we could have this function pretty much for free;
	should this not be added to this project?

	how is the semaphore checked and why is a mmap file in, say,
	/var/run not good for this purpose?


Casper


From ro@techfak.uni-bielefeld.de Mon Sep 28 04:52:34 2009
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Date: Mon, 28 Sep 2009 13:52:21 +0200
From: Rainer Orth <ro@techfak.uni-bielefeld.de>
Subject: Re: Timezone cache renewal [PSARC/2009/516 FastTrack timeout
 10/02/2009]
In-reply-to: Suhasini Peddada's message of
 "Fri, 25 Sep 2009 10:14:21 -0700 (PDT)"
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Suhasini Peddada <suha@sac.sfbay.sun.com> writes:

> Interfaces
> ----------
> NAME			STABILITY		DESCRIPTION
> -------------------------------------------------------------------
> TZSYNCIOC_INC		Consolidation Private	ioctl to increment
> 						semaphore value.
> TZSYNCIOC_INC_ALL_ZONES Consolidation Private	ioctl to increment
> 						semaphore value in all
> 						zones.
> /dev/tzsync		Uncommitted		A device driver file to be
>                                                 used to mmap the semaphore

What use is it to have the device name be Uncommitted if both ioctls are
Consolidation Private.  This seems like an implementation detail to me and
would better be Consolidation Private as well.

	Rainer

-- 
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Rainer Orth, Center for Biotechnology, Bielefeld University

From Suhasini.Peddada@sun.com Mon Sep 28 09:07:30 2009
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Date: Mon, 28 Sep 2009 09:07:25 -0700
From: Suhasini Peddada <Suhasini.Peddada@sun.com>
Subject: Re: Timezone cache renewal [PSARC/2009/516 FastTrack timeout
 10/02/2009]
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Hi Nobutomo,

Please clarify the questions by Casper in the included e-mail.

Thanks,
-Suha

On 09/26/09 04:25, Casper.Dik@Sun.COM wrote:
> 
>> Template Version: @(#)sac_nextcase 1.68 02/23/09 SMI
>> This information is Copyright 2009 Sun Microsystems
>> 1. Introduction
>>    1.1. Project/Component Working Name:
>> 	 Timezone cache renewal
>>    1.2. Name of Document Author/Supplier:
>> 	 Author:  Nobutomo Nakano
>>    1.3  Date of This Document:
>> 	25 September, 2009
>> 4. Technical Description
>>
>> Name
>> ----
>> Timezone cache renewal in ctime(3C) (aka No reboot on timezone update)
>>
>> Background
>> ----------
>> Timezone patches contain the updates of the zoneinfo database files.
>>
>> Internally libc caches the timezone information and never rereads
>> it. This means that when the timezone patches are applied and updates
>> are made to the zoneinfo database, files they are not activated until
>> the system is rebooted or the various process that use the timezone
>> information are restarted.
>>
>> The impact of a reboot for the changes in the timezone is significant
>> especially for those customers with many Sun servers running many 
>> domains.
>>
> 
> Now that we have this large mechanism to update the timezone information,
> I'm missing a number of things:
> 
> 	it appears not to be possible to change the timezone dynamically;
> 	there are customers who want this.  In the initial implementation 
> 	of Olson's code uses a link called "localtime" and with a broadcast
> 	mechanism we could have this function pretty much for free;
> 	should this not be added to this project?
> 
> 	how is the semaphore checked and why is a mmap file in, say,
> 	/var/run not good for this purpose?
> 
> 
> Casper
> 


From Suhasini.Peddada@sun.com Mon Sep 28 09:10:49 2009
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Date: Mon, 28 Sep 2009 09:10:41 -0700
From: Suhasini Peddada <Suhasini.Peddada@sun.com>
Subject: Re: Timezone cache renewal [PSARC/2009/516 FastTrack timeout
 10/02/2009]
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Hi Nobutomo,

Please provide the clarifications to questions from Rainer in the included e-mail.

Thanks,
-Suha

On 09/28/09 04:52, Rainer Orth wrote:
> Suhasini Peddada <suha@sac.sfbay.sun.com> writes:
> 
>> Interfaces
>> ----------
>> NAME			STABILITY		DESCRIPTION
>> -------------------------------------------------------------------
>> TZSYNCIOC_INC		Consolidation Private	ioctl to increment
>> 						semaphore value.
>> TZSYNCIOC_INC_ALL_ZONES Consolidation Private	ioctl to increment
>> 						semaphore value in all
>> 						zones.
>> /dev/tzsync		Uncommitted		A device driver file to be
>>                                                 used to mmap the semaphore
> 
> What use is it to have the device name be Uncommitted if both ioctls are
> Consolidation Private.  This seems like an implementation detail to me and
> would better be Consolidation Private as well.
> 
> 	Rainer
> 


From Darren.Moffat@sun.com Mon Sep 28 09:28:29 2009
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Date: Mon, 28 Sep 2009 17:28:09 +0100
From: Darren J Moffat <Darren.Moffat@sun.com>
Subject: Re: Timezone cache renewal [PSARC/2009/516 FastTrack timeout
 10/02/2009]
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Why isn't the implementation of this using the port_associate(3C) 
facility to watch for the default timezone file being updated ?

Using port_associate(3C) means it is possible to update per process 
without requiring the admin to run a (privileged) command.   I really 
don't like the idea of the requirement of the privileged command.  Is 
this because it has patch binding and port_associate(3C) isn't available 
in all releases this is intended to be patched to ?  If so I would like 
to see that tzreload is "Obsolete Committed" and the OpenSolaris/ONNV 
release of this use port_associate(3C) instead of the method proposed.

The case says ctime(3C). Isn't it really calling of 
localtime_r(3C),tzset(3C) and mktime(3C) that causes the update to the 
cached TZ ?, ie those functions in libc that call the static 
getsystemTZ() function.

-- 
Darren J Moffat

From Nicolas.Williams@sun.com Mon Sep 28 09:48:51 2009
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Date: Mon, 28 Sep 2009 11:45:05 -0500
From: Nicolas Williams <Nicolas.Williams@sun.com>
Subject: Re: Timezone cache renewal [PSARC/2009/516 FastTrack timeout
 10/02/2009]
In-reply-to: <4AC0E419.7070007@Sun.COM>
To: Darren J Moffat <Darren.Moffat@sun.com>
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On Mon, Sep 28, 2009 at 05:28:09PM +0100, Darren J Moffat wrote:
> Why isn't the implementation of this using the port_associate(3C) 
> facility to watch for the default timezone file being updated ?

[Not the i-team] Probably because that would mean having a thread to
wait in port_get(3C).  That seems too heavyweight to me.  I'd love to
see something asynchronous, like a signal or "AST" for this.

Nico
-- 

From casper@holland.sun.com Mon Sep 28 10:05:22 2009
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Subject: Re: Timezone cache renewal [PSARC/2009/516 FastTrack timeout
 10/02/2009]
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>On Mon, Sep 28, 2009 at 05:28:09PM +0100, Darren J Moffat wrote:
>> Why isn't the implementation of this using the port_associate(3C) 
>> facility to watch for the default timezone file being updated ?
>
>[Not the i-team] Probably because that would mean having a thread to
>wait in port_get(3C).  That seems too heavyweight to me.  I'd love to
>see something asynchronous, like a signal or "AST" for this.

Or perhaps because that mechanism requires an open file descriptor
*and* it requires to poll the port or add a thread.

And fds cached in library routines have issues with being "closed"
by programs.  (An mmap'ed object would not have that issue)

Casper


From gdamore@sun.com Mon Sep 28 10:12:34 2009
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Date: Mon, 28 Sep 2009 10:12:21 -0700
From: "Garrett D'Amore" <gdamore@sun.com>
Subject: Re: Timezone cache renewal [PSARC/2009/516 FastTrack timeout
 10/02/2009]
In-reply-to: <20090928164504.GX1033@Sun.COM>
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        Casper.Dik@sun.com, Nobutomo.Nakano@sun.com,
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Nicolas Williams wrote:
> On Mon, Sep 28, 2009 at 05:28:09PM +0100, Darren J Moffat wrote:
>   
>> Why isn't the implementation of this using the port_associate(3C) 
>> facility to watch for the default timezone file being updated ?
>>     
>
> [Not the i-team] Probably because that would mean having a thread to
> wait in port_get(3C).  That seems too heavyweight to me.  I'd love to
> see something asynchronous, like a signal or "AST" for this.
>
> Nico
>   
Yes, having an extra thread in every process seems ... too heavyweight.  
To be honest, when I reviewed this, I didn't even think of port_get() or 
port_associate.  I think part of this is a problem stemming from lack of 
knowledge about new facilities.  Its hard for project teams to stay on 
top of every new feature that is introduced, and this might be one of 
those cases.

    -- Garrett


From nobutomo.nakano@sun.com Mon Sep 28 10:16:01 2009
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Date: Mon, 28 Sep 2009 10:15:58 -0700
From: Nobutomo Nakano <nobutomo.nakano@sun.com>
Subject: Re: Timezone cache renewal [PSARC/2009/516 FastTrack timeout
 10/02/2009]
In-reply-to: <200909261125.n8QBP4Fm045735@dm-holland-02.uk.sun.com>
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Casper.Dik@Sun.COM wrote:
> Now that we have this large mechanism to update the timezone information,
> I'm missing a number of things:
> 
> 	it appears not to be possible to change the timezone dynamically;
> 	there are customers who want this.  In the initial implementation 
> 	of Olson's code uses a link called "localtime" and with a broadcast
> 	mechanism we could have this function pretty much for free;
> 	should this not be added to this project?

It is possible if timezone is not supplied by TZ env variable.
localtime() will reload /etc/default/init as well. If timezone is
supplied by TZ env variable, "localtime" approach is needed.
Currently "localtime" isn't read by default, but it is out of
scope of this project.

Using Olson's code can change the timezone dynamically, but only
for processes which were restarted or started after the file is
changed. Active processes which have loaded "localtime" never
reloads the file.

> 	how is the semaphore checked and why is a mmap file in, say,
> 	/var/run not good for this purpose?

If the file can be truncated, it could potentially send SIGSEGV to
all active processes that calls ctime(3C).

-Nakano

From nobutomo.nakano@sun.com Mon Sep 28 10:29:50 2009
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Date: Mon, 28 Sep 2009 10:29:44 -0700
From: Nobutomo Nakano <nobutomo.nakano@sun.com>
Subject: Re: Timezone cache renewal [PSARC/2009/516 FastTrack timeout
 10/02/2009]
In-reply-to: <4AC0E419.7070007@Sun.COM>
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Darren J Moffat wrote:
> Why isn't the implementation of this using the port_associate(3C) 
> facility to watch for the default timezone file being updated ?

localtime(3C) is very performance sensitive. We don't want to
make any extra system calls or threads interactions from the
function.

> Using port_associate(3C) means it is possible to update per process 
> without requiring the admin to run a (privileged) command.   I really 
> don't like the idea of the requirement of the privileged command.  Is 
> this because it has patch binding and port_associate(3C) isn't available 
> in all releases this is intended to be patched to ?  If so I would like 
> to see that tzreload is "Obsolete Committed" and the OpenSolaris/ONNV 
> release of this use port_associate(3C) instead of the method proposed.
> 
> The case says ctime(3C). Isn't it really calling of 
> localtime_r(3C),tzset(3C) and mktime(3C) that causes the update to the 
> cached TZ ?, ie those functions in libc that call the static 
> getsystemTZ() function.

All functions listed in the ctime(3C) except for gmtime* and asctime*
will update the cached timezone information.

-Nakano

From casper@holland.sun.com Mon Sep 28 10:56:51 2009
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Date: Mon, 28 Sep 2009 19:56:44 +0200
From: Casper.Dik@sun.com
Subject: Re: Timezone cache renewal [PSARC/2009/516 FastTrack timeout
 10/02/2009]
In-reply-to: <4AC0EF4E.8050007@Sun.COM>
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>Casper.Dik@Sun.COM wrote:
>> Now that we have this large mechanism to update the timezone information,
>> I'm missing a number of things:
>> 
>> 	it appears not to be possible to change the timezone dynamically;
>> 	there are customers who want this.  In the initial implementation 
>> 	of Olson's code uses a link called "localtime" and with a broadcast
>> 	mechanism we could have this function pretty much for free;
>> 	should this not be added to this project?
>
>It is possible if timezone is not supplied by TZ env variable.
>localtime() will reload /etc/default/init as well. If timezone is
>supplied by TZ env variable, "localtime" approach is needed.
>Currently "localtime" isn't read by default, but it is out of
>scope of this project.

Except that localtime *may* read /etc/default/init but by default it
will NOT because all processes have $TZ set from the boot time
/etc/default/init.

You can get that in two ways: use "localtime" or not set $TZ for
all processes; as setting $TZ is a optimization.

So perhaps that's a better solution: do not set $TZ in the environment.

>Using Olson's code can change the timezone dynamically, but only
>for processes which were restarted or started after the file is
>changed. Active processes which have loaded "localtime" never
>reloads the file.
>
>> 	how is the semaphore checked and why is a mmap file in, say,
>> 	/var/run not good for this purpose?
>
>If the file can be truncated, it could potentially send SIGSEGV to
>all active processes that calls ctime(3C).

By root, right?  Root can also truncate /lib/libc.so.1 so that doesn't fly.

Casper


From casper@holland.sun.com Mon Sep 28 11:35:26 2009
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Date: Mon, 28 Sep 2009 20:35:19 +0200
From: Casper.Dik@sun.com
Subject: Re: Timezone cache renewal [PSARC/2009/516 FastTrack timeout
 10/02/2009]
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>> 	how is the semaphore checked and why is a mmap file in, say,
>> 	/var/run not good for this purpose?
>
>If the file can be truncated, it could potentially send SIGSEGV to
>all active processes that calls ctime(3C).
>

Abort from that I don't properly think we need to code truncated root
owned files, like libc, there are some outs:

	- non-faulting loads (only for SPARC??)

	 - mincore(address, pagesize(), &bit)

Casper


From nobutomo.nakano@sun.com Mon Sep 28 12:16:39 2009
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Date: Mon, 28 Sep 2009 12:16:33 -0700
From: Nobutomo Nakano <nobutomo.nakano@sun.com>
Subject: Re: Timezone cache renewal [PSARC/2009/516 FastTrack timeout
 10/02/2009]
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Casper.Dik@Sun.COM wrote:
>> Casper.Dik@Sun.COM wrote:
>>> Now that we have this large mechanism to update the timezone information,
>>> I'm missing a number of things:
>>>
>>> 	it appears not to be possible to change the timezone dynamically;
>>> 	there are customers who want this.  In the initial implementation 
>>> 	of Olson's code uses a link called "localtime" and with a broadcast
>>> 	mechanism we could have this function pretty much for free;
>>> 	should this not be added to this project?
>> It is possible if timezone is not supplied by TZ env variable.
>> localtime() will reload /etc/default/init as well. If timezone is
>> supplied by TZ env variable, "localtime" approach is needed.
>> Currently "localtime" isn't read by default, but it is out of
>> scope of this project.
> 
> Except that localtime *may* read /etc/default/init but by default it
> will NOT because all processes have $TZ set from the boot time
> /etc/default/init.
> 
> You can get that in two ways: use "localtime" or not set $TZ for
> all processes; as setting $TZ is a optimization.

You can still use "TZ=localtime" and make a "localtime" link
under the zoneinfo dir, but I agree that reading "localtime"
by default would be nice to have for those people who would
like to change the timezone dynamically.

>>> 	how is the semaphore checked and why is a mmap file in, say,
>>> 	/var/run not good for this purpose?
>> If the file can be truncated, it could potentially send SIGSEGV to
>> all active processes that calls ctime(3C).
> 
> By root, right?  Root can also truncate /lib/libc.so.1 so that doesn't fly.

Yes. But libc.so.1 would be an extreme example. We thought
that such file/memory page needs to be protected in certain
degree to avoid catastrophic result. If that's a regular file
someone(has root privilege) may carelessly truncate it or unlink
and re-create it. We just wanted to minimize those risks. If
we shouldn't worry about those, I'll revise the spec to use
a regular file.

-Nakano

From Nicolas.Williams@sun.com Mon Sep 28 12:21:13 2009
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Date: Mon, 28 Sep 2009 14:17:28 -0500
From: Nicolas Williams <Nicolas.Williams@sun.com>
Subject: Re: Timezone cache renewal [PSARC/2009/516 FastTrack timeout
 10/02/2009]
In-reply-to: <4AC0F288.2010804@Sun.COM>
To: Nobutomo Nakano <nobutomo.nakano@sun.com>
Cc: Darren J Moffat <Darren.Moffat@sun.com>, PSARC-ext@sun.com
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On Mon, Sep 28, 2009 at 10:29:44AM -0700, Nobutomo Nakano wrote:
> Darren J Moffat wrote:
> >Why isn't the implementation of this using the port_associate(3C) 
> >facility to watch for the default timezone file being updated ?
> 
> localtime(3C) is very performance sensitive. We don't want to
> make any extra system calls or threads interactions from the
> function.

Darren's scheme wouldn't require anything more than adding a membar in
ctime() and friends in the common case.

The problem with Darren's proposal is that it's too invasive (extra
thread, extra file descriptors, as Casper points out, though the library
could recover from closefrom(3C) clobbering its file descriptor(s)).

But performance is not a problem for Darren's proposed alternative.

Nico
-- 

From Nicolas.Williams@sun.com Mon Sep 28 12:23:03 2009
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Date: Mon, 28 Sep 2009 14:19:16 -0500
From: Nicolas Williams <Nicolas.Williams@sun.com>
Subject: Re: Timezone cache renewal [PSARC/2009/516 FastTrack timeout
 10/02/2009]
In-reply-to: <4AC10B91.9090400@Sun.COM>
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On Mon, Sep 28, 2009 at 12:16:33PM -0700, Nobutomo Nakano wrote:
> Casper.Dik@Sun.COM wrote:
> >>It is possible if timezone is not supplied by TZ env variable.
> >>localtime() will reload /etc/default/init as well. If timezone is
> >>supplied by TZ env variable, "localtime" approach is needed.
> >>Currently "localtime" isn't read by default, but it is out of
> >>scope of this project.
> >
> >Except that localtime *may* read /etc/default/init but by default it
> >will NOT because all processes have $TZ set from the boot time
> >/etc/default/init.
> >
> >You can get that in two ways: use "localtime" or not set $TZ for
> >all processes; as setting $TZ is a optimization.
> 
> You can still use "TZ=localtime" and make a "localtime" link
> under the zoneinfo dir, but I agree that reading "localtime"
> by default would be nice to have for those people who would
> like to change the timezone dynamically.

The CPG project (PSARC/2009/271) would help with that.

From casper@holland.sun.com Mon Sep 28 12:25:06 2009
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Date: Mon, 28 Sep 2009 21:24:59 +0200
From: Casper.Dik@sun.com
Subject: Re: Timezone cache renewal [PSARC/2009/516 FastTrack timeout
 10/02/2009]
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>You can still use "TZ=localtime" and make a "localtime" link
>under the zoneinfo dir, but I agree that reading "localtime"
>by default would be nice to have for those people who would
>like to change the timezone dynamically.

It would be nice if "localtime" pointed to a fixed location and that
that fixed location (e.g., /var/init/localtime) and make that
function point to somewhere in /usr/share/lib/zoneinfo so that
/usr remain mostly read-only.

>>>> 	how is the semaphore checked and why is a mmap file in, say,
>>>> 	/var/run not good for this purpose?
>>> If the file can be truncated, it could potentially send SIGSEGV to
>>> all active processes that calls ctime(3C).
>> 
>> By root, right?  Root can also truncate /lib/libc.so.1 so that doesn't fly.
>
>Yes. But libc.so.1 would be an extreme example. We thought
>that such file/memory page needs to be protected in certain
>degree to avoid catastrophic result. If that's a regular file
>someone(has root privilege) may carelessly truncate it or unlink
>and re-create it. We just wanted to minimize those risks. If
>we shouldn't worry about those, I'll revise the spec to use
>a regular file.

I wouldn't see how that could happen other then, say, truncating
/bin/cat.

You could measure how expensive mincore() is (it's seems about 0.5-1.0us
per call which is possibly a bit too much for each time call) but I think 
it is not needed.

Of course, if other folks think that the original proposal is  a proper
"heavy weight" mechanism, please let them speak up.

Casper


From nobutomo.nakano@sun.com Wed Sep 30 09:59:03 2009
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Date: Wed, 30 Sep 2009 09:58:57 -0700
From: Nobutomo Nakano <nobutomo.nakano@sun.com>
Subject: Re: Timezone cache renewal [PSARC/2009/516 FastTrack timeout
 10/02/2009]
In-reply-to: <200909281924.n8SJOxQb058133@dm-holland-02.uk.sun.com>
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Casper.Dik@Sun.COM wrote:
> Of course, if other folks think that the original proposal is  a proper
> "heavy weight" mechanism, please let them speak up.
> 

attached new spec. It will no longer use the software driver,
but will use a regular file under /var/run.

-Nakano


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Name
----
Timezone cache renewal in ctime(3C) (aka No reboot on timezone update)

Background
----------
Timezone patches contain the updates of the zoneinfo database files.

Internally libc caches the timezone information and never rereads
it. This means that when the timezone patches are applied and updates
are made to the zoneinfo database, files are not activated until the
system is rebooted or the various process that use the timezone
information are restarted.

The impact of a reboot for the changes in the timezone is significant
especially for those customers with many Sun servers running many 
domains.

Customers have requested that when applying timezone patches, a
reboot is not required.  To satisfy the requirement, the timezone
code could check if the zoneinfo database files have been updated
since the last time by issuing the stat(2) system call. However, as
stat() is an expensive system call, the addition of the stat() call
would result in a great performance regression in the timezone code
in libc. Therefore, a more efficient method that notifies libc that
the zoneinfo database has been updated needs to be introduced.

Proposal
--------
All the ctime(3C) and mktime(3C) functions will use a semaphore on per
zone shared file. ctime(3C) and mktime(3C) use the semaphore by
attaching the file using mmap(2). The semaphore file is a regular file
and owned by root and has permission 0644. It is created right after
/var/run is mounted. 

The ctime(3C) and mktime(3C) functions will test the semaphore before
using cache'd timezone information, and if it has changed, purge the
cache and re-read the zoneinfo file. If the libc failed to open the
semaphore file, ctime(3C) and mktime(3C) will not cache the timezone
information.

When zoneinfo database files are updated, a new utility tzreload(1M)
can be executed, by a privileged user, to propagate the change (update
the semaphore status). All subsequent calls to ctime(3C) functions
from any processes within the system will reread the updated zoneinfo
database file. tzreload command will be added to the "Process
Management" RBAC profile.

Interfaces
----------
NAME			STABILITY		DESCRIPTION
-------------------------------------------------------------------
/var/run/tzsync		Uncommitted		A regular file to be
                                                used to mmap the semaphore
/usr/sbin/tzreload	Committed		man page tzreload(1M)

Release
-------
A patch binding is requested.

Bug/RFEs
-------
6751272 RFE: Solaris timezone patches should not require reboot


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From nobutomo.nakano@sun.com Tue Oct  6 12:59:40 2009
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Date: Tue, 06 Oct 2009 12:59:38 -0700
From: Nobutomo Nakano <nobutomo.nakano@sun.com>
Subject: Re: Timezone cache renewal [PSARC/2009/516 FastTrack timeout
 10/02/2009]
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putting Casper's response for the record. I'd believe that
all the questions have been clarified and there are no more
pending issues.

Thanks!
-Nakano

Nobutomo Nakano wrote:
> Casper.Dik@Sun.COM wrote:
>> Of course, if other folks think that the original proposal is  a proper
>> "heavy weight" mechanism, please let them speak up.
>>
> 
> attached new spec. It will no longer use the software driver,
> but will use a regular file under /var/run.
> 
> -Nakano
> 

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Date: Thu, 01 Oct 2009 09:08:17 +0200
From: Casper.Dik@Sun.COM
Subject: Re: Timezone cache renewal [PSARC/2009/516 FastTrack timeout
 10/02/2009]
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>Hi Casper,
>
>I just wanted to check with you if my response answered your
>question. Please let me know so that we can proceed with
>the new spec.

Sounds fine; make sure that when you create the file that it is
created atomically:


	i.e., make a temporary file in /var/run
		make it getpagesize() big
		then rename it into the tzload file


I would implement that in the tzreload command (and make sure you
can only run that once)

Also make sure that all commands which start before /var/run is mounted 
always try to open the file until it exists.

Casper


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From gdamore@Sun.COM Wed Oct  7 08:34:33 2009
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Subject: Re: Timezone cache renewal [PSARC/2009/516 FastTrack timeout
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With the latest materials updates, the case looks good to me.  +1

    - Garrett


From Suhasini.Peddada@sun.com Wed Oct  7 10:42:27 2009
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Date: Wed, 07 Oct 2009 10:42:06 -0700
From: Suhasini Peddada <Suhasini.Peddada@sun.com>
Subject: Re: Timezone cache renewal [PSARC/2009/516 FastTrack timeout
 10/02/2009]
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This case was approved during today's PSARC meeting.

Thanks,
-Suha

